درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Given the large population of non-Arabic speaking Muslims in the world, the translations of the Qur’an are of crucial importance. While there has recently been a surge of interest in reader response to translations of various genres, less attention has been given to the readers' reception of the Qur’an translations. The aim of the current study was to examine whether attitudes towards the source and target languages in translation (i.e. Arabic and Farsi) constitute distinct factors in the reception of Qur’an translations by readers in a multilingual setting. To achieve this aim the first step was to construct a questionnaire to measure the three key constructs of the study, namely, attitudes towards Arabic, attitudes toward Farsi, and translation reception. To collect the required data, in-depth interviews were first conducted, which led to the generation of an item pool for the noted questionnaire. The questionnaire was then administered to 96 native speakers of Arabic and Farsi for a detailed statistical analysis. Data analysis was conducted using FACTOR software and Smart PLS3. Specifically, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. Results attested that translation reception, and attitudes towardsource and target languages constitute three distinctive factors. In addition, findings pointed to the moderating role of language attitudes in the reception of the Qur’an translations, with favourable attitudes towards Farsi being associated with more favourable reception of the translations.

The aim of this research is to measure the quality of environmental health of recreational and natural sports swimming pools with a risk management approach in Gilan Province. The study was descriptive - cross-sectional, and three selected sites were sampled. Microbial parameters, temperature and PH were measured. Microbial tests were carried out according to national standards in the laboratory. It was used to analyze data from standard tables related to pollutants and compare them to existing data. SPSS software was used to analyze data from experiments. Two William fine quantitative methods and the risk assessment table technique were used to assess risk. The results showed that the burden of microbial contamination in the Anzali swamp was higher than other sites. In other words, the most polluted sites in Gilan Province were the Anzali wetland, the Kiasar wetland and, at the end, the eyeglass wetland, respectively. Also, the average number of total cliform and cliform, respectively 375 and 109 MPN in 100 ml of samples, and Enterococcus of the rivers 7/17 CFU in 100 ml of samples were observed. The average pH was 89/7, which is within the standard range. On the other hand, the average water temperature measured in these natural swimming pools is 4/25 degrees Celsius, which is within the standard range. It was found that the type of risk "outstanding", the level of aspect "ultimate" and the control required were "appropriate control action and the necessity of corrective action".