درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

One of the important linguistic aspects in the field of literature and culture is the identification of linguistic roots, lexical changes in multiple languages, and the discovery of the historical evolution of meanings. Essentially, research in the field of linguistics is crucial for increasing human knowledge. The goal of research in word etymology is to find answers in recognizing cultural fluctuations in literature and various human cultures. It is clear that languages influence each other throughout history. Every linguistic change in each historical period reflects a particular cultural approach of that time. In other words, linguistic changes are a reflection of changes in the values and beliefs of a culture and may even lead to the transformation of a culture. The present study aims to investigate the word "Qahramānah" using a descriptive and library-based approach, which is especially significant in the realm of women's culture. The author's effort in this investigation is to explain the mutual influence of languages, the etymology of the word "Qahramānah" in Persian, Turkish, and Kurdish, and the transfer of the word from Persian to Arabic, as well as its use in the words of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Imam Ali (AS). The Results, based on the evidence, indicated that the word "Qahramānah" originates from Middle Persian in Pahlavi, and later found its way into Arabic and religious sources based on the factors mentioned in the article.

The responses of impeccable Imams to the question of entering the world into an egg, without changing the volume of both sides, are among the problematic narratives in the field of monotheism, the interpretation of which may be considered as knowing the impossible rational matter by using the analogy of entering the image of objects into the eye, which is not consistent with the content of the original question; the issue does not end there and receiving conflicting dual answers from the Imams to the same question and considering this matter as impossible, are among the other challenges in dealing with this category of hadiths. The present study has used a descriptive-analytical method to explain these hadiths and has found that scholars only accept the apparent indication of the narratives, considering this matter as impossible, and interpret or deny the narratives that have addressed the problem through a metaphorical representation of the world entering the eye. On the other hand, one can interpret some narratives that indicate the possibility of this matter by making changes to both sides and remaining silent, and present a new interpretation based on the theories of "Holography" and "Removal of Empty Space of Atoms" in contemporary sciences, in a way that it can be considered as a solution to resolve the contradiction. In fact, the Imams have sometimes given a precise and real answer to the narrators' current state and needs, and sometimes a metaphorical and tacit answer, so that neither the scholars remain ignorant of the truth nor a pretext for denying the power of Almighty God is created for the ignorant and the opponents. Therefore, merely benefiting from a strange appearance of a narrative or initially understanding it in conflict with reason, knowledge, epistemological geometry, etc., is not a sufficient reason for rejection and denial, and a precise understanding of the hadiths requires multidimensional studies that taking into account the knowledge of contemporary humanity can be one of the requirements that can change the world of hadith understanding.

The theory attributed to Ayatollah Boroujerdi, which considers Shiʻa jurisprudence as marginal to Sunni jurisprudence, is a matter of dispute among jurists. In some interpretations, the scope of this view has extended beyond Shiʻa jurisprudence and has been discussed regarding Shiʻa hadith as well; meaning that Shiʻa hadith is seen as marginal to Sunni hadith and has been influenced by it. In this case, understanding the validity of this theory is an important issue. The present study aims to demonstrate ‘What arguments and evidence exist to support the theory of the marginality of Imamiyyah hadith?’ and ‘What interpretation of it can be presented?’ Clarification regarding the doubts about the impact of Shiʻa hadith necessitates research on this hadith issue. The innovative approach of this research is historical phenomenology, which, according to the author, through recounting the context of the emergence of several hadiths from the chapter on inheritance in Imamiyyah jurisprudence, depicts facets of the historical realities governing Imamiyyah hadith and explains the validity of this theory. According to the author’s explanation, this marginality evokes the tradition of jurists annotating other viewpoints and indicates that some foundational Imamiyyah hadiths emerged in response to, confrontation with, and correction of the views of the general populace.