درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The vast expanse of the urban distressed areas in the country and multiple damages that their inhabitants face on economic, social and cultural aspects remind the need for higher attention to these constructions. Meanwhile, Tehran's distressed areas with more than 3268 hectares (5.3% of the area of ​​Tehran) has a population of one million and three hundred thousand people in it, is one of the priorities of the improvement and renovations in the country. According to what most experts and researchers say one of the main obstacles to the process of improvement and renovation of the urban distressed areas, is the selection and use of appropriate methods of financing. Several methods of financing that have been raised to be used in the process of improvement and renovation, on one hand due to the variety they provide are an opportunity, and on the other hand face the managers and city decision-makers with some problems in the process of selection and utilization, because using any of the methods depends on several regional and local factors. In this regard and in order to facilitate the process of decision-making in the process of improvement and renovation of urban distressed areas, this research used a cross-sectional study and also investigated the evaluation criteria and different methods of financing the distressed areas and using the obtained field data from questionnaires distributed in two stages using ANOVA test, tested the research hypothesis in order to determine the best financing method according to the improvement and renovation process from the perspective of the tested criteria and in this way tried to compare the various methods of financing in order to take advantage of the process of improving and renovation of urban distressed areas in Tehran. In this regard and based on the obtained results three methods of repayment from the operation of the project, civic engagement (contract) -guaranteed and selling shares were identified as ways with the highest priority to utilize in the process of improvement and renovation of the urban distressed areas of Tehran.

Youth participation in planning and design process in their living environments is an important issue that has significant impact on young participants, the community, spaces and places where they live. So, using their participation in the evaluation of youth friendly environmental quality indicators can lead to the creation of desirable urban spaces for them. After developing indicators on the basis of theoretical foundations of adolescent-friendly environments, this study attempts, to assess the importance of the indicators from 15 to 18-year-old adolescents’ view in making an ideal city, in Rasht Golsar district and to find that to what extent their living environments have been successful in meeting these measures. Research method, has been descriptive-analytic and theoretical foundations through library and teenagers’ view analysis with a combination approach was carried out through two questionnaires, focus group discussions and map anchored interviews. For this purpose, quantitative data analysis software method Excel and Spss and qualitative data analysis was conducted using content analysis. The results show that the studied indicators are very important for teens and most of these indicators has no place in their living environments.

Rural tourism is considered as one of the important parts of the economic activities. This important economic activity in the different views has been taken into consideration. Some know it as a part of the tourism market and some consider it as a policy for rural development. Rural tourism quickly grew in the rural economic and has been the complementary of agricultural activities. The nature of the tourism industry is, create employment, income, diversification, economic, increase of cultural level, community participation and use of local resources. Development of tourism in rural areas, in addition to diversifying the economy and developing its infrastructure, can be a step towards sustainable development in rural areas and social justice by creating jobs, and reverse migration. In general, supporting the village pristine tourist areas and rural tourism, cause to create different and good employment opportunities, increase of national income, the promotion of social welfare and the development of sustainable tourism in rural areas. Rural tourism through influence and effect on all aspects of rural life, leads to grow them both in terms of economic and socio-cultural. This study investigates the efficacy of wooden cottages in attraction of tourism in the city of Masal. A tourism model that has been used in this study, is taking advantage of Gibz- Martin method, the obtained results of the regression analysis of this study indicate that among the several factors of tourism attraction in this region, wooden cottages are known as one of the best resorts of tourism attraction. Studies are conducted in four villages of Masal that Hoome village with 200 wooden cottages and 5000 tourism with amount of 0.85 has the maximum amount of tourism in the region and also wooden cottages are known as a way to attract tourism in the region.

Educational centers are of those types of organizations to which almost everyone refer during the life to use the services. Accordingly, the suitability of safety situation in these organizations is of high importance. The present study aims at investigation of effective factors on safety management in educational-training organizations of metropolises. This study is an applied descriptive research. The educational centers of metropolises comprised the statistical population of the current study, and Tehran is the selected sample as Iran&rsquos capital and a metropolis. The collected data examined the safety discussions in terms of human factors, management error, equipment and environmental factors. The results of the study indicated that the identified factors (human, management error, equipment, and environmental factors) affect the safety management, and the factors of management errors, human factors, environmental ellements, and equipment were of highest to least importance, respectively.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of coach-oriented organization and team performance in the mental health staff General Directorate of Youth and Sport of Ardabil. Descriptive and correlational methodology has been applied to the target and the field was done in this study population all staff General Directorate of Youth and Sport was Ardabil province in the number of them 85 persons. Limited due to the small population size of the population sampled and analyzed, so is the population size and sample size. To collect data from questionnaires in coach-oriented organization and team performance staff (researchers) and mental health (Goldenberg and Hiller, 1979) was used. To analyze the data descriptive statistics (frequency tables mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and multiple regressions) is used in which the coach-oriented organizational relationship with the staff in mental health and team performance The SPSS19software were analyzed. The results showed that between team performance and organizational staff coach-oriented relationship (r = 0.314), there was a significant (p <0.05). Inter coach-oriented physical and mental health relationship (r = 0.352), there was a significant (p <0.05). Inter coach-oriented and anxiety, social dysfunction and depression there is a significant negative correlation (p <0.05). The mental health of a coefficient of 88% could predict the coach-oriented organization.

The aim of the present study is to Surveying the Impact of New Information Technologies on Improving Customer Relation Management considering Organizational Innovation as intervening variable (Case study: Bank Mellat of West Azerbaijan). The study is applied and descriptive in nature. All of the employee in Bank Mellat of West Azerbaijan branches were candidiate to participate in the study but using Cochran formula and stratified random sampling method, the sample size was determined as 236. To collect the data standard questionnaire were used. Using Cronbach alpha coefficient, the reliability was calculated as 0.902 which shows the good reliability. For statistical analysis purpose, SPSS and Smart Pls softwares were used. The results indicated that New Information Technologies Effected on Improving Customer Relation Management considering Organizational Innovation as intervening variable.

Paper undertakes software based numerical simulations in two different traditional houses in cold-dry climate of Tabriz and hot-arid climate of Yazd, The Eco Test software chosen for BIM simulations. Case study on real houses instead of hypothetical models can give more tangible results and choosing traditional houses can provide a good opportunity to compare both physical and thermal conditions, in which zones have more dense walls than contemporary typical building wall. With high thermal mass and more surface to volume ratio, investigating the effect of U-value on interior conditions are more accurate. Comparative case studies in two different climatic zones of Iran can give researchers the opportunity to compare the importance of total U-value in two severe climates in Iran. In addition, it can give the designers the insight that what design priorities must be considered in each climate. Results show that the U-value in a hot arid climate of Yazd has a more direct effect in controlling interior comfort conditions, like fluctuations of temperature and variations of summer and winter temperatures, as well as variations of temperature in a single day and total energy need and consumption in both hot months and cold months of the year.

Earnings management has inverted the main objective of financial reporting through the distortion of the actual economic performance of companies and prevented the complete transfer of information to market. Given the importance of subject of research, incentives that cause earnings management have been reviewed from various aspects. The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between competition in industry and pricing power at product market and earnings management in the companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. For this, modified Lerner index was used to measure pricing power and three middle Lerner indices including industry, reverse number of firms in the industry, four-firm concentration ratio were used as the indices of competition in industry. To measure earnings management, Modified Jones Model was used. The statistical population consists of all the firms listed in Tehran stock exchange. With regard to the considered criteria, 100 companies among 9 industries were selected as sample based on two digit ISIC codes. Findings of research indicate that the companies which enjoy the pricing power at product market less likely manage their earnings. Another finding indicates that earnings management increases by increasing competition in industry. Hence, the investors who intend to invest in competition industry should pay more attention to earnings management.