مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Tourism


۱.

Spatial Analysis of Tourism Impacts on the Economy of Rural Areas (Case Study: Rezvanshahr County, Iran)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش و برنامه ریزی روستایی سال هشتم تابستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۲۶

کلیدواژه‌ها: Economic Development Tourism Rural economy Rezvanshahr

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۴۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۷۰
Purpose - Tourism, as a booming and dominant activity of this century, has a lot of effects in rural areas, including economic effects, which according to different spatial situations can have different intensity and directions of changes and developments. In this regard, this study was codified with the aim of spatial analysis of tourism impacts on rural areas of Rezvanshahr. Design/methodology/approach - According to the purpose, nature and method, this study is considered as a developmental and descriptive-analytical research, respectively. Documentary and survey methods have been used to obtain the required information and the TOPSIS model has been used to rank the economic and social needs of the villages studied. Using SPSS and GIS software, the collected data was processed and Pearson correlation test was used in inferential analysis of data. Findings - The results showed that the economic level of villages varies based on four indicators (the income level, unemployment rate, level of facilities and misery rate), the lowest and the highest of which are related to Kish-e-Khaleh village with 0.001 and Punnel village with 0.9056, respectively. Furthermore, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant relationship between the independent variable of the number of tourists and dependent variable of the local economy level with a correlation coefficient of 0.626 at a confidence level of 0.99. Research limitations / implications - The lack of documented information and the indeterminate number of tourists, especially in rural areas, are the most important challenges and problems of the study. Practical implications - Therefore, according to the findings, It is possible to shape the economic development of villages by developing tourism attractions and actualizing the potential of tourist attraction in settlements. Originality/value - Numerous studies have, so far, been carried out on tourism and rural economics. However, this study is valued based on the spatial analysis of the economy in the rural areas of the three types of coastal, plain and mountainous/ highland in the district of Rezvanshah and has not been addressed in previous studies.
۲.

Representation of Opportunities and Areas for Agro-tourism Development in Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages of Tehran Province)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش و برنامه ریزی روستایی سال هشتم زمستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۲۸

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism Rural tourism Agro-tourism Villages of Tehran Province

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۱۵ تعداد دانلود : ۴۶۳
Purpose - Agro-tourism and the development of farm-based tourism businesses have emerged as a creative and innovative approach to rural tourism, which exploits the potentials and capabilities of agricultural activities as unique opportunities for employment and development and poverty alleviation. The purpose of this study is to identify opportunities and areas for Agro-tourism development in rural areas of Tehran Province. Design/methodology/approach - This is an applied research that adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. The statistical population of the study consisted of the rural areas of Tehran Province, of which 8 towns and three villages from each town were selected as the sample. Data collection was conducted using both library and field survey methods; however, the main focus of the research was on field studies, which involved a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. The questionnaires were prepared for three groups of villagers, tourists, and officials separately. The sample size for villagers was determined using Cochran formula (n=261). Also, since the exact number of tourists and officials was not known, the sample size of these two groups was selected using purposive method (n=31 and n=20, respectively). Data were analyzed using descriptive (mean and frequency) and inferential statistical methods (Chi-square test, one-sample t-test and Mann-Whitney test). Findings- The results suggest that government support and infrastructure improvement, the organization of local festivals related to farm products, the participation of tourists in harvesting, the direct presence of tourists in farming, job creation, and promotion of rural income levels are the most factors that influence Agro-tourism development in rural areas of Tehran Province. According to the results, showed all respondents agreed on the positive impact of the studied measures on Agro-tourism development.
۳.

A Study of Translation Problems of Tourism Industry Guidebooks: An Error Analysis Perspective

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۱, Issue ۱, Spring ۲۰۱۳ 71 - 82

کلیدواژه‌ها: Translation Tourism tourist guidebook Error Analysis pragmatics

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۰۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۵۲
This study was motivated by the researchers’ goal to unfold the quality of the English translations of Persian tourism industry texts and discover the most frequent error patterns the Iranian non-native translators have committed in such texts. Thus, the following research questions were addressed: 1) Are the English versions of Persian tourist guidebooks and multimedia compact discs provided by Iranian translators appropriate in terms of syntax, semantics and pragmatics?, and 2) What are the possible patterns of the errors found in English translations of Persian tourist guidebooks? To answer these questions, three English tourist guidebooks translated from their Persian source texts into English by Iranian translators as well as two multimedia compact discs whose primary purpose was to introduce Isfahan tourist attractions in English were selected and carefully studied. Three hundred sentences were randomly extracted and subjected to error analysis. The results of the analysis indicated that over one-third of the total number of the sentences under study were syntactically, semantically or pragmatically erroneous. Thus, based on the proposed model of the study which was a combination of American Translation Association's (ATA, 2010) error identification categories and Keshavarz’s (1993) linguistic taxonomy of errors, the most frequent errors were identified and statistically tabulated. Most of the syntactic errors came to belong to ‘grammar’ pattern, most semantic errors to ‘terminology, word choice’ pattern , most  pragmatic errors to ‘mistranslation into target language’ error pattern, and most translation-specific errors were found to have an ‘Incomplete Passage’ pattern
۴.

The Role of Environmental Ethics in Sustainable Tourism Development(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Ethics and Society, Vol ۱, No ۱, (۵-۲۰۱۹) 17-21
تعداد بازدید : ۲۷۴ تعداد دانلود : ۲۱۸
Background: Today, tourism is recognized as one of the largest and fastest growing industries which has been highly regarded by governments for its diverse benefits, including job creation, increasing local and national revenues, expanding entrepreneurial opportunities, making optimal economic investment, and improving the security by reducing political tensions. Nevertheless, tourism can have various economic, social, and cultural consequences on the environment and local communities. Therefore, there are serious ethical considerations in terms of environmental degradation and negative social and cultural impacts of tourism that need to be taken into account in tourism development programs. The aim of this research is to study the role of environmental ethics in sustainable tourism development and provide ethical environmental solutions in the development of tourism. Conclusion: Considering the fact that, in most cases, few may benefit from tourism development, while its adverse effects influence the society and the environment, ethical solutions such as understanding the real values of nature, assessing the environmental and social impacts of tourism development plans, estimating the carrying capacity of the destination, focusing on sustainable forms and alternative tourism, and establishment of effective laws and regulations are required for a more sustainable and ethical tourism development.
۵.

Ghetto Tourism: An Opportunity for Promoting Rural Tourism (Case Study: Isfahan Province)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش و برنامه ریزی روستایی سال نهم پاییز ۱۳۹۹ شماره ۳۱ 111 - 130

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism Ghetto tourism Rural tourism Isfahan province

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۷۴ تعداد دانلود : ۵۳۹
Purpose- The present study focuses on introducing ghetto tourism; the main objective of this study is to introduce some villages in Isfahan Province as ghetto tourism destinations with emphasis on religious minorities. Since the emergence of niche tourism needs the study of its place, the present study is designed to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Isfahan Province for the prosperity of ghetto tourism. Design/methodology/approach- To this end, SWOT and QSPM methods were used in this study. It is noteworthy that the data were collected through snowball sampling technique. The results of this study illustrate that Isfahan Province is strategically located in the aggressive area due to the internal and external factors affecting ghetto tourism, and strategies such as market development, concentric diversification, market penetration and product development can be used to boost rural tourism in Isfahan Province. Finding- According to QSPM results, it can be concluded that holding more conferences regarding the cultural bridge of Iran-Armenia-Georgia among the market development strategies, organizing the festival of culture of minorities among the concentric diversificationstrategies, and holding a tour of visiting the ghetto villages of Isfahan among the market penetration strategies have the highest priority for ghetto tourism development in Isfahan. And the proposed strategies do not differ much in terms of priority and attractiveness for product development.
۶.

Strategic Planning and Sociology in Improving the Quality of Life and Sustainable Development of Cities in Arid Regions Climates with Emphasis on MICE Tourism using Meta-SWOT and SOAR Techniques(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: iranian journal of educational sociology, Vol ۴, Number ۲ (۲۰۲۱) 224-233

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism MICE Tourism Meta SWOT SOAR

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۹۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۱
Purpose: This study was carried out with the aim of strategic tourism planning in Semnan with emphasis on MICE tourism using Meta SWOT and SOAR techniques. Methodology: The descriptive-analytical method is used in order to conduct this research. The statistical population of the study is divided into three parts. The first part were local residents of Semnan, the second part includes tourists who have considered Semnan as a tourist destination from 2019 to 2020, and third part includes academic elites, managers, staff of tourism part working in different management levels of province. Three-hundred seventy people (three parts) were determined as the statistical sample size using Cochran formula. The method of data collection and analysis of required information is documentary and survey. Meta SWOT and SOAR analytical techniques have been used to formulate the development strategy and explain the goals, resources, capabilities and macro-environmental factors. Findings: According to the obtained results, the most important factors in line with strategic tourism planning in Semnan are government policies, non-responsiveness of infrastructure, increased natural dangers and inflation and economic recession at the macro level. Conclusion: Meta SWOT model is implemented in a program consisting of title window and seven interconnected windows. This tool enables unlimited reviews of inputs, because decision makers change their assessment during a planning activity.
۷.

Digital Logistics in Flow Management in Tourism(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Information Technology Management , Volume ۱۳, Special Issue: Role of ICT in Advancing Business and Management, ۲۰۲۱ 1 - 21

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism Tourist logistics Logistics system of tourism Digital logistics service Flows in the field of tourism

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تعداد بازدید : ۵۹۷ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۹
The article considers the main aspects of using the tools of the system organization of logistics flow management in the field of tourism, in terms of digitalization of logistics services. The research is based on experience in the transformation of the tourist product, it is perception by consumers, modern technologies, digital channels and logistics tools. The analysis showed that the organization of tourism based on a systematic approach, when service providers, tour operators, travel agencies and end users are elements of a single information system. The essential features of tourism logistics considered, basic tactics and tools related to the concept of digital logistics service. It established that digital tools of logistics services implemented with the identification of the main tourist services: food, accommodation, transportation, sightseeing, shopping, recreation and entertainment, education, management and research.
۸.

Digital Marketing in Strategic Management in the Field of the Tourism(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Information Technology Management , Volume ۱۳, Special Issue: Role of ICT in Advancing Business and Management, ۲۰۲۱ 22 - 41

کلیدواژه‌ها: Digital - marketing Tourism Strategic Management Portfolio Investment KPI

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۸۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹۸
The main aspects of using digital marketing tools in strategic management in the field of tourism have considered in the article. The study proved that the marketing strategy of the tourist enterprise is a determining factor in the choice of the main sales channels in the Internet environment. The article highlights the keydigital marketing tactics and tools. In the main directions defined strategic management in the field of tourismon the basis of optimization of digital marketing tools. To implement the target approach in the implementation of the marketing strategy of the enterprise, a system of KPIs proposed.
۹.

Preservation of Kandovan, Based on Pathology of Population Decline(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Architecture and Urban Development, Volume ۳, Issue ۴ - Serial Number ۱۰, Autumn ۲۰۱۳ 71 - 80

کلیدواژه‌ها: Kandovan village human life Sustainable Development Tourism Revival

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۱۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۱
The following study aims to present a consistent framework for the sustainable development of the troglodyte village of Kandovan, taking into consideration the present situation of the village and the paramount importance of preserving its unique way of life with the ultimate goal of making efficient improvements on the living conditions of its inhabitants. Located in north-western Iran, this tourist location, which is the sole troglodyte village in the world still occupied by human dwellers, is carved entirely out of a chain of cliffs. This stone-age lifestyle in the midst of our modern times has bestowed incomparable charms to Kandovan, turning it into a major source of wonderment and fascination. Regrettably, however, the emigration of its inhabitants has placed the village and what it stands for under serious threat. This research will attempt to identify and analyze the reasons for the diminishing of the local population, and goes some way to providing practical solutions to tackle this problem, utilizing an effective application of the principles of sustainable development on both environmental and architectural aspects.
۱۰.

Architecture of Tourism and its Effect on Attract Tourism in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Architecture and Urban Development, Volume ۴, Issue ۴ - Serial Number ۱۴, Autumn ۲۰۱۴ 67 - 72

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism Recreation Complexes Residential economic growth Hotels

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۶۹ تعداد دانلود : ۸۹
Contemporary architecture by symbolic and visual design creates an image in the minds of tourists so that these images are then converted to urban brands. Combining symbolic monuments and modern buildings in the world today is a promising development of cities in many municipalities, municipalities and government agencies to freely and without regard to the needs of their local employs all the resources and capital to meet their local needs of foreign tourists in order to cope with the global tourism and earn easy money. This study discusses the importance of residential leisure complex architectural impact on the tourism industry tried using smooth transition regression (STR) and annual data from 1978 to 2007 time period attempts to exامینe the impact of a residential entertainment complex nonlinear architecture tourism infrastructure in the tourism industry. Results confirm the impact of tourism on nonlinearity residential resort complex architecture that entertainment complex architecture has resided in both the positive and significant effect on the tourism industry during the period. It should be noted that a threshold value of tourism infrastructure is set 608/20 percent. In addition, the results showed that the release rate of exchange is a significant positive effect on tourism in Iran.
۱۱.

Analyzing the Climatic Potentials for Development of Tourism and Water Sports in Khorassan رضوی Province of Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Architecture and Urban Development, Volume ۸, Issue ۲ - Serial Number ۲۸, Spring ۲۰۱۸ 37 - 46

کلیدواژه‌ها: EET Index Climatic Comfort Tourism Zoning Map GIS

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۰۴ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۷
 Nowadays, tourism is affected by the knowledge of a region’s climatic characteristics. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the potential regions and appropriate time for attracting tourists in relation to climatic comfort. Due to having climatic diversity and water resources such as rivers, waterfalls, caves and hot springs, Khorassan رضوی province is one of the potential regions for tourism attraction in IRAN. This study attempts to assess human comfort or discomfort for recreational and water sports activities according to Equivalent Effective Temperature (EET) index using meteorological data from Khorassan رضوی synoptic station for 1990-2011. Furthermore, the climatic comfort zoning map for tourism in the province was made by ArcGIS and Geographic Information System (GIS) potentials by inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation method. The results showed that October, June, September, April, May, August and July have the best comfort conditions for recreational activities and water sports, respectively. Also, Nishabur and Chenaran cities with 4 and Mashhad with 1 month had the longest and the shortest monthly periods for using water resorts, respectively. Similarly, in this research, available appropriate tourism areas are introduced according to the EET index for different months in order to achieve a higher understanding of the province’s potentials.
۱۲.

Planning for Sustainable Tourism: An Alternative Paradigm(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۱, Issue ۱, December ۲۰۱۶ 28 - 43

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism Sustainability Paradigm impacts responsibility

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تعداد بازدید : ۳۲۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۰
This paper highlights key characteristics of the current mindset identified as responsible for increasing costs (private and public) associated with tourism industry expansion globally. It then identifies common elements of an alternative paradigm, contrasting its features with those of the established paradigm. It then identifies the implications of the new mindset for the attitudes and behaviour of major stakeholders in tourism-government/destination management organisations, operators, and tourists, as well as researchers. Unless a good proportion of individuals in each of these stakeholder groups change their attitudes and behaviour, no paradigm shift will succeed and the ‘business as usual’ scenario for tourism will prevail, along with its increasing social costs. The paper concludes by addressing the implications for behaviour by different groups of stakeholders.
۱۳.

Futures studies of Tourism with a Spirituality Perspective(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۲, Issue ۱, June ۲۰۱۷ 24 - 39

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism spirituality Futures Studies Delphi Technique

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۸۱ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۱
Supposing that today’s growing range of human needs with the increasing growth of technology is not only limited to material dimensions but non-material aspects are of an undeniable role in the human self-actualization. In this regard, the concept of spirituality dramatically manifests itself in different aspects of human life, even though the technological evolutions and tourism can be an important lever in this area. In this study, using content analysis techniques and using ideas of experts, we assessed the components of ‘styling the future’, ‘tourism’, and ‘spirituality’ comparing elements of these variables such that the relationship between tourism and spirituality was extracted in the form of ‘a sense of excellence’, ‘a sense of meaning’, ‘human values’ and ‘interaction with existence’. Also, the relationship between tourism and futures studies (futurology) was defined using the extracted parameters including ‘consultation prior to social and cultural reforms’, ‘future analysis and alert against challenges’, and ‘determining strategic priorities’. Eventually, in relation to these three components, the obtained results emphasized the need for taking the advantage of spirituality in the study of the tourism industry.
۱۴.

In Search of a Common Experience: Comparative study on Tourists' Spiritual Experiences in Relation to the Various Types of Tourism(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۲, Issue ۱, June ۲۰۱۷ 42 - 67

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism spirituality spiritual experiences McKercher’s Typology

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۱۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲۲
The objective of this study is to investigate the extent of spirituality in various types of tourism, and to test the hypothesis of the existence of common spiritual experiences among all types of tourists. McKercher's typology of cultural tourists and Norman's (2012) typology of tourists' spiritual experiences were applied to classify various groups of spiritual tourists participating in each type of tourism activity. The study population consisted of all individuals who have travelled with the purpose of pilgrimage, recreation, visiting cultural historical attractions, business, visiting religious sites, or participating in ecotourism and nature-based tourism. Sampling was done based on the convenience method according to the size and nature of the target population. Finally, it was concluded that most pilgrims and visitors to the religious sites were purposeful and sightseeing spiritual tourists with a deep intention to search for spiritual growth. Also, among nature-based tourists, ecotourists, business and recreational tourists, and those who had traveled to visit cultural and historical sites, a considerable number were Casual, Incidental and Serendipitous Spiritual Tourists, whilst only a small proportion had purposefully travelled for spiritual growth. Nevertheless, the research indicates the existence of at least one powerful element of spirituality in all types of tourism. 
۱۵.

Tourism: a Tool for Spirituality Development(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۲, Issue ۱, June ۲۰۱۷ 62 - 72

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism spirituality spiritual development

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۸۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۱
Tourism development is considered an important tool in promoting economic growth, alleviating poverty, and advancing spirituality development. This paper aims to review the relationship between tourism and spirituality and to explain how tourism development could contribute to spirituality development goals. The paper provides an analysis of the relationship between tourism and spirituality development. It explores definitions and constructs of spirituality and reviews experiences and practices in relation to spiritual resources. However, by looking at a brief history of human intelligence we learned that there is a low agreement today upon the spirituality definition. In order to reach a broad agreement, the paper was divided into two sections. The first section explains the importance of tourism and spirituality as components of life success while the second section discusses some important issues regarding the development of spirituality through tourism activities by presenting a model that provides clarification, definition, and relations to the terms of faith, spirituality, religion and tourism. The model can serve as a means to begin the dialogue needed to increase understanding of this important concept. The paper also suggests that the ability to effectively develop tourism can strongly and positively influence spiritual principles and practices.
۱۶.

Aesthetics and the Manifestation of Spirituality in Islamic- Iranian Art and Architecture with an Emphasis on Conceptual Symbols from the Perspective of Tourism(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۳, Issue ۱, Summer ۲۰۱۸ 26 - 56

کلیدواژه‌ها: Art Islamic architecture spirituality Symbol Tourism

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As one of the richest intellectual domains of mankind, Islamic culture has played a prominent role in the formation of diverse dimensions of Islamic community. In this regard, the rich Islamic art, which is intermixed with the elegance of Islamic architecture, is regarded as one of the aspects of Towhid (belief in the oneness of God) and divine worldview. Since the mankind is not a single-dimensional creature, and is innately inclined to beauty and innovation, architects have sought to create an original work imbued with spiritual meanings and themes within a material realm through reliance on their experience, thoughts, individual creativity as well as an aesthetic spirit on one hand, and the manifestation of spirituality and other notions on the other. The contemporary human, by setting out on journey on the earth, has made an attempt to seek knowledge and awareness, and Islamic architecture is considered as an epiphany of human nature as well as a manifestation of contemplation and existence in the depth of human spirit, which is believed to be one of the most significant elements of tourism. The present research is aimed at exploring the conceptual symbols in Islamic architecture originating from Islamic worldview, as the rich Islamic principles have inspired Muslim architects, whose thoughts and environment have been influenced by Islamic worldview. The present article has been written adopting a descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that architectural elements in Iran have not been created without taking Islamic ideology and concepts into account, but rather all the elements applied are endowed with spirituality and divine symbols.
۱۷.

The Pivotal Spirituality Approach to Tourism (A New Revolution in Consolidating Peace and Friendship from the Local to the Global Scale)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۳, Issue ۱, Summer ۲۰۱۸ 83 - 103

کلیدواژه‌ها: Local to global Peace and friendship Scale spirituality Tourism

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۹۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۳
One of the ways to consolidate peace and friendship despite the remarkable progress of humanity, is tourism and spirituality. Tourism can change the tourists’ worldview and attitude by increasing their knowledge from visiting the landscapes of nature, geographical locations and legacy of the ancients, a change in adherence to the principles and values and the Slavery of the unique god. Being combined with peace and friendship, tourism can create a strong friendship and solidarity in the minds of tourists through recognizing the legacy of the past and the recognition of different nations and religions and different ethnicities and cultures. This solidarity and friendship is very important especially in the current and global era due to the problems of community life such as air pollution, psychological problems, cyber threats, social abnormalities. Given this approach and employing the analytical-descriptive method, this paper seeks to answer the following question: How the tourism-related dimension of spirituality can be able to create peace and stability and to strengthen peace and friendship among different societies from a local to the global scale? The findings of the research indicate that in the event of spirituality overcome in the tourist industry and travel of tourists, all activities of the tourist have the capacity to establish peace and cooperate on all scales. And tourism and spirituality for peace and friendship between nations and cultures are a powerful tool and a good platform.
۱۸.

Analyzing the Relationship between Tourism and Spirituality: Toward a Framework(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۳, Issue ۱, Summer ۲۰۱۸ 104 - 121

کلیدواژه‌ها: Spiritual Intelligence spirituality Tourism

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۳۷ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹۵
Search for and gaining the meaning in life and attaining the perfection had been the primordial motive of human creation. The main reason for manifesting vacuum feelings in human is the crisis of lack of spirituality. Nowadays, human beings are seeking to mean of life and are searching for something more than materiality; because with the modern and advanced technology, the dissatisfaction with life and the sense of daily routine motivates him to discover the cause and the way out of the crisis. Understanding the meaning of life and obtaining satisfaction requires the use of spiritual intelligence and will not be achieved through rational and emotional intelligence solely. In this article, we studied the various dimensions of spiritual intelligence and presented the best model for spiritual intelligence. Then, according to the literature, the impact of tourism on the human was also studied. The results of the content analysis indicate that tourism and travel are effective factors in enhancing the components of spiritual intelligence and, as a result, the promotion of spiritual intelligence, and consequently they will increase the perception of spirituality in life.
۱۹.

Measurement of Relationship between Factors Affecting the Demand of Spiritual Tourism in Tehran Using Fuzzy Technique(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۳, Issue ۲, Winter ۲۰۱۹ 69 - 84

کلیدواژه‌ها: Tourism Spiritual city tourism Spiritual tourism DEMATEL fuzzy technique Tehran

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تعداد بازدید : ۲۴۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۹
  Today, sustainable development of tourism as a strategy for the development of cities, especially remote cities is a relatively new idea that its importance has been realized by policymakers. This type of tourism can be considered as a source of income, creating jobs, and making positive changes in the income of cities. In tourism studies, there are also discussions about spiritual tourism. However, most scholars do not consider spiritual tourism as realtourism because it is like an umbrella that can include various types of tourism that leads to a transcendental sense and sacred values such as ‘Spiritual city tourism’.Then, using laboratory techniques of test and evaluation of fuzzy DEMATEL decision making, as one of the appropriate decision-making techniques that deal with systematic relations between variables, relations among factors influencing the development of Spiritual city tourism in Tehran are studied and modeled. The results of the fuzzy DEMATEL method showed that factors affecting the development of Spiritualcity tourism include Appropriate planning and management, Direct supervision of the government and institutions on those active in the field of tourism, Presence of experts fluent in live languages of the world beside tourism attractions, Attracting foreign investment for the development of Spiritual city tourism activities with contracts and special facilities, Marketing, advertising, and introducing tourism attractions in national and international areas, Culturalization of tourism development and promotion of tourist acceptance culture among city residents.
۲۰.

A Methodology Study of the Concept of Spirituality in Tourism According to Fuzzy Logic(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: International journal of Tourism, Culture and Spirituality, Volume ۳, Issue ۲, Winter ۲۰۱۹ 85 - 105

کلیدواژه‌ها: spirituality Tourism Methodology Fuzzy Logic

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۴ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲۸
Studying the concept of spirituality in tourism is neithera newapproach nor a study of a particular kind of tourism or simply a religious perspective to tourism. Rather, it is an indicator of spiritual contents that today’s tourism is submerged into discover and attain non-material values and the reality duringthe length of its journey. This research offers a new perspective in the study of the methodology of tourism studies with a descriptive-analytical approach, conjunctive viewwhile using library documentation and a review of theoretical foundations according to the fuzzylogicmethodology. The fuzzy logictheory possesses a more precise capacity to explain and analyze concepts and phenomena and also a spectral reading of phenomena thatuses the binary numbers of 0 and 1 as the extreme points of reality and accepts that there are infinite points of reality between the two of them; therefore, in order to more precisely and comprehensively understand reality, one must have a hierarchical view towardthephenomena. With this approach, spirituality in tourism includes a great variety of concepts and elementsthat are allambiguous and graded. These elements include reasoning and probing, religious denomination and beliefs, mutual relations, and quality of life and culture. The propositions of spirituality in tourism essentially exist in bothfuzzy and spectral logic,not justwith fuzzy logic because of the essential ambiguity existingin concepts and elements andtheir metaphysical aspects. Therefore, this study is built upon the studies related to spiritualityin tourismconducted through the fuzzy logicmethodologies. According to the obtainedresults, this important approach must be paid attention so that the great capacities of spirituality in tourism in the areas of knowledge and action can be correctly utilized.