بررسی میزان شناخت والدین از قابلیت های روانشناختی و فیزیکی فرزندان 3 تا 6 سال بر اساس برنامه کودک شو شبکه نسیم (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش، بررسی میزان شناخت والدین از قابلیت های روان شناختی و فیزیکی فرزندان 3 تا 6 سال بر اساس برنامه کودک شو شبکه نسیم بود. روش پژوهش در مرحله اول، کیفی (پدیدارشناسی) و در مرحله دوم نیز توصیفی_تحلیلی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی قسمت های سری سوم برنامه کودک شو اجراشده در شبکه نسیم، در سال 1397 بود. نمونه پژوهش حاضر شامل 81 خانواده شرکت کننده در برنامه کودک شو بود. برای قابلیت های فیزیکی از سؤالات اتاق بازی کودک-والد استفاده و برای قابلیت های روان شناختی با روش کلایزی 5 مفهوم کلی، علایق، روابط بین فردی، مؤلفه عاطفی، مؤلفه رفتاری و مؤلفه شناختی بر اساس سؤالات مطرح شده در برنامه به دست آمد و برای تعیین اعتبار آن از روش سه سوسازی استفاده شد. سپس بعد از کدگذاری سؤالات به صورت دستی، مؤلفه ها بر اساس پاسخ درست و غلط والدین، به صورت آزمون های فراوانی و درصد و آزمون خی دو توصیف و تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در مجموع 638 سؤال (561 سؤال روان شناختی و 77 سؤال فیزیکی) از والدین پرسیده شده است که آنها 43 درصد جواب درست و 57 درصد پاسخ نادرست داده اند. همچنین نتایج آزمون خی دو نشان داد که بین پاسخ درست و نادرست والدین به قابلیت های کودک به-جز روابط بین فردی، تفاوت معناداری مشاهده شد؛ یعنی والدین به طور معناداری شناخت دقیقی از ویژگی های فیزیکی و روان شناختی فرزندان خود نداشته اند. در مجموع می توان نتیجه گیری کرد که شناخت والدین از قابلیت های فیزیکی و روان-شناختی کودکان خود، پایین و ناکافی است. بنابراین پیشنهاد می شود به والدین در راستای شناخت دقیق تر از ویژگی های روان شناختی فرزندان خویش آموزش های لازم داده شود.Parents' Knowledge of Psychological and Physical Capabilities of Children of 3-6 Years Old Based on Koodaksho Series on Nasim TV Channel
The purpose of this study was to Assessing the level of parents' knowledge of Psychological and Physical capabilities of 3 to 6 year old children based on kodakshow program's nasim channel. The research method is qualitative (phenomenological) in the first stage and descriptive-analytical in the second stage. And the statistical population of the study included all parts of the third series of kodakshow program's nasim channel in 2018. The sample of the present study included 81 families participating in the kodakshow program. For physical capabilities, the child-parent playroom questions were used, and for psychological capabilities, 5 general concepts, interests, interpersonal relationships, emotional component, behavioral component, and cognitive component were obtained based on the questions raised in the program. Its validity was used by three-way method. Then, after coding the questions manually, the components were described and analyzed based on the correct and incorrect answers of the parents, in the form of frequency and percentage tests and chi-square test. The results showed that a total of 638 questions (561 psychological questions and 77 physical questions) were asked from parents, with 43% of the correct answers and 57% of the false answers to the questions. Also, the results of the Chi square test indicated that there was a significant difference between the correct and false responses of parents to the child's capabilities, except for interpersonal relationships,That is parents did not have a meaningful understanding of the physical and psychological characteristics of their children. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the knowledge of parents about the physical and psychological capabilities of their children is low and inadequate. Therefore, it is suggested that parents be provided with the necessary training to better understand the psychological characteristics of their children. It is an undeniable fact that young children need not only physically care, but also other types of care, including emotional and psychological care. As parents are the primary caregivers of young children, the quality and quantity of their educational knowledge is critical to improving children's growth and health (Beardslee and Trustee, 2016). Proper recognition of talents, abilities, shortcomings, needs, and physical and mental strengths of children at different ages is an important and effective factor in upbringing and education. The most important task that education experts expect from families is to recognize the characteristics of children and their differences at different developmental ages and different educational periods; therefore, it is necessary that parents become fully aware of the physical, emotional, psychological, moral, and social characteristics of each of their children through different methods, techniques and tools. If fathers, mothers, teachers, and educators are familiar with the issues of each stage of growth and development in children, they will certainly be more successful and empowered in fulfilling their responsibilities. Additionally, the ages of 3 to 5 years are one of the most important stages of development in children for their abilities increase and they begin to learn social criteria of favorable and unfavorable actions. Furthermore, parenting values are affected by child's age. Therefore, in order to establish a relationship with children and learn how to treat them, one should know the characteristics of their age and look at the phenomena from their point of view, consider their mental and emotional state and needs, and be aware of their abilities and limitations. They should also view this world through a child’s lens to understand their feelings and discover what happens in their mind, which is a shortcut to understanding children, entering their mysterious world, and knowing their needs, interests, and talents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of parents'
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