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The idea and concept of human rights is today one of the most controversial areas of research and practice, both in the domestic law of individual states and in international law and the practice of international courts. It emerged in the Western political tradition of the Renaissance and the modern era and had its first practical application with the godless French bourgeois revolution that proclaimed the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. This idea of ​​abstract universal human rights, which supposedly belongs equally to every individual, was used from the start to systematically violate all possible rights of individuals who belonged to the nobility and clergy, but also of ordinary people who wanted to remain loyal to their religious tradition, as best witnessed by the massacres committed in the Vendée.This article explains Working on the Return of the Personalist Concept of Human Rights: from the Universal Declaration to the Documents of the Russian Orthodox Church.

The rapid advancement of genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, has revolutionized biomedical science while raising unprecedented ethical and human rights concerns. This paper examines the implications of genetic engineering through a human rights lens, focusing on three critical challenges: threats to equality from potential genetic enhancement, consent paradoxes in germline editing, and emerging forms of genetic discrimination. Using an interdisciplinary methodology that integrates bioethics, political philosophy, and international law, supplemented by case studies like the He Jiankui affair and DIY biohacking movement, the study reveals how current governance frameworks remain inadequate against these challenges. Key findings demonstrate that unequal access to genetic technologies risks creating "genetic privilege" and new forms of biological stratification, while germline interventions pose unresolved intergenerational justice issues. Furthermore, existing protections like GINA fail to address contemporary genetic privacy risks in direct-to-consumer testing and data commercialization. The paper proposes a tripartite governance model combining international cooperation (through WHO/UNESCO frameworks and a global registry), adaptive national policies (including regulatory sandboxes), and strengthened institutional oversight (with mandatory ethics training). These recommendations aim to balance scientific innovation with ethical safeguards, preventing genetic technologies from becoming tools of inequality while harnessing their therapeutic potential. The conclusion emphasizes the need for ongoing monitoring of social impacts and development of culturally sensitive implementation strategies, as the genomic revolution continues to challenge fundamental notions of human dignity, equality, and self-determination in the 21st century.

The current research examines Stephen Greenblatt’s theories on the improvisation of power as well as tyranny in William Shakespeare’s second tetralogy to investigate the complex network of non-violent psychological domination of human being’s mind, by the manipulation of symbolic order through the stages of displacement and absorption. It examines how the Western psychic mobility and its embodiment in empathy and the improvisation of power affect the represented English society in the Medieval era and how the consequential power relationships impact on the ways of ruling the country. The improvisation of power deconstructs the vertical and hierarchical power relations and makes them more diagonal, horizontal or even upward. The represented Medieval English court is a dark labyrinth of conspiracy, intrigue, treason, and complicity. This duality roots in religious fundamentalism of Roman Catholic church. The tension between the two paradigms of court and church causes turbulence and chaos. The result is the absolute submission of the majority through the improvisation of power, which paves the ground for the Machiavellian minority to exert power and gratify their personal self-interest-driven plans, which are mostly tyrannical. Through the improvisation of power, the course of history could change.

This interdisciplinary study discusses Svetlana Alexievich’s The Unwomanly Face of War, a literary work that focuses on the history of World War Two from the perspective of female soldiers of the Soviet Union.  The women are veteran soldiers, a part of war history who continue their lives after the war and who suffer various mental disorders as a result of the war. These mental disorders are not only the aftereffects of the war, but also the consequences of political and social taboos of the Soviet Union. We analyze the women’s testimonies as they pertain to Cathy Caruth’s trauma theory. By analyzing trauma theory as it applies to the female soldiers, we see that if the society were to treat the female soldiers as heroines, to treat them with the same respect with which male soldiers are treated, the women would suffer fewer psychological disorders, but unfortunately, many of them suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD).  Trauma theory draws on psychoanalysis to establish a connection between the characters in the novels and real-life people, allowing a consideration of each character as a more well-rounded and in-depth individual, improving the studies of both literature and psychology.

Background: Understanding color preference in virtual environments is crucial for applications in digital design, human-computer interaction, and virtual reality (VR).Aims: This study examines how luminance, hue, and saturation influence color preference in VR settings, considering both environmental and perceptual factors.Methodology: A controlled VR experiment was used, where participants interacted with two distinct virtual zones designed to simulate different lighting conditions.Finding: The findings suggest that chromatic lightness and perceived hue play distinct roles in color preference, with evidence supporting Weber's Law of illumination adaptation. It was also shown that regions with elevated chroma exhibit more pronounced colors. Additionally, the participants' average color preferences were determined, and the appropriate modification rate was extracted by comparing the preferred colors to the average colors of the virtual spaces. One significant finding was that, cooler colors were favored to warmer ones, which is consistent with previous research on color preferences. Furthermore, a correlation between lighting circumstances and color preferences was established.Conclusion: The findings indicated that adjusting the hue, saturation, and brightness can improve the design of virtual environments by matching the tastes of users. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of color perception in digital spaces and have implications for design, architecture, and cognitive science.

Online reviews are crucial in influencing consumer decisions and business practices. However, some individuals exploit this system by posting fake reviews, known as spam opinions, to manipulate perceptions. Spam detection systems face significant challenges in robustness due to their primary focus on identifying spam attacks without accounting for adversaries that target the detection mechanisms. This oversight enables spammers to exploit vulnerabilities in traditional algorithms with complex deceptive strategies, ultimately undermining their effectiveness. This paper proposes a novel multi-layer graph-based method that represents reviews, reviewers, and products as interconnected nodes. This approach captures the complex relationships among them and addresses adversarial attempts to manipulate the detection process. Our approach utilizes three key nodes—opinion, reviewer, and product—to assess the honesty, trust, and reliability of reviews, reviewers, and products in the context of potential deception. Furthermore, we develop a simulation tool capable of generating diverse attack scenarios, including those targeting the detection system itself, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of robustness. We compared the performance of our method with other graph-based techniques through simulations and case studies, demonstrating that our method is a competitive solution among existing alternatives.

The paper is an attempt to analyse Afghanistan's shifting security and economic conditions under Taliban rule using the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT). Since the Taliban regained power in 2021, they have faced critical challenges in establishing stable governance, resulting in a severe humanitarian crisis compounded by economic collapse and political isolation. External aid reduction and sanctions have limited Afghanistan’s access to the global financial system, leading to dramatic socio-economic setbacks. Regional actors, including India, Pakistan, China and Iran, interact cautiously with the Taliban administration, aiming to prevent cross-border instability and insurgent threats, while hesitating to grant formal recognition. For South Asia, Afghanistan’s internal upheaval escalates security tensions, particularly between India and Pakistan, and poses broader risks regarding extremism and economic destabilization. This study suggests that collaborative, conditional engagement by regional stakeholders facilitated through SAARC and SCO platforms may provide a viable path toward stability if the Taliban adhere to basic humanitarian and security norms. Such regional engagement is essential for addressing Afghanistan's humanitarian needs and reducing threats to regional security.