درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

هدف از انجام این مطالعه پیداکردن عواملیست که زبان آموزان دبیرستانی موفقیتهاوشکستهای خودرابه آن نسبت می دهند. بدین منظور، 708 دانش آموزان دبیرستانی ازاقشار مختلف اجتماعی-اقتصادی وجنسیت مختلف انتخاب شدند. شرکت کنندگان به پرسشنامه اسنادی پاسخ دادند. پرسشنامه شامل چهاربخش است: احساسات ،تصویرازخود، انگیزه درونی،وسیاست زبان.آزمون ANOVA و Post-hoc به منظورتجزیه وتحلیل داده ها استفاده شد.نتایج حاصل ازتجزیه وتحلیل نشان داد که انگیزه درونی اسناد اصلی است وجنسیت هیچ نقشی دراسناد بازی نمی کند. علاوه براین،تفاوتهای قابل توجهی درمیان طبقات مختلف اجتماعی مشاهده شد. دانش آموزان طبقات بالای جامعه ،دراحساسات وتصویرازخود بالاترین نمره را کسب کردند؛ودانش آموزان ازمناطق روستایی درانگیزه درونی وسیاست زبان نمره بالاتری بدست آوردند. درنهایت، نتایج به دست آمده درزمینه یادگیری وآموزش زبان مورد بحث قرارگرفت وپیشنهاداتی ارایه شد.

This paper reports on a study thatinvestigated Iranian EFL high school students’ perceptions of written grammar feedback to specify their reasons for preferring comprehensive or selective feedback and choosing some feedback strategies. A questionnaire was administered to 100 EFL intermediate high school students who were selected based on their scores on a proficiency test. Moreover, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 of them.The results showed that the students had a strong desire for receiving written grammar feedback and favored direct feedback comprehensively on each draft. However, the correction of errors in word and verb categories was more important to them than that of other grammatical errors. They also had common evaluations of written corrective feedback strategies. The findings of this study have some implications for EFL writing instruction.

Grammatical Metaphor (GM) is one of the fresh language phenomena introduced by Halliday (1985) in the framework of functional grammar. Thompson (2004) states that the salient source of GM would be ‘Nominalization’ where a noun form attempts to represent a verb form or in other words, a verb form with its different process is represented in a noun form. He continues that any wording is ought to be either metaphorical or congruent wording. In this study the story of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban was explored in search of GMs deployed throughout the first two chapters. This study tended to identify the instances of nominalization types of GM in the first two chapters of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and offer the congruent wording. As the next step, the congruent wordings were compared with metaphorical wording in order to find out the lexical density of each wording. The lexical density was obtained by Concordance software. The result of study illustrated , in a very crystal-clear way, the advantage of GM in adult writing which is stated to be one of the noticeable points regarding GM by Halliday (1985).The result obtained statistically revealed that the deployment of GM increases the lexical density, which again was claimed by Halliday (2004) as one of the other salient points about GM. Based on the findings of this study, some implications can be drawn for academic writing and reading as well as for teachers involved in writing and reading pedagogy.