مطالب

This study explores the strategic integration of Islamic ideology as a national competitive advantage within the Axis of Resistance economies, defined by their shared ideological commitment to justice, independence, and resistance against imperialism, rather than specific geographical boundaries. A strategic framework is proposed that merges innovative ideas and existing knowledge to describe the competitive environment and future directions. The framework is customer-centric and capable of identifying and predicting potential changes in the competitive landscape over time. By leveraging the principles of justice, independence, and resistance against imperialism, Islamic ideology fosters unity and purpose among the populace, enhancing national competitiveness. The study also examines the historical and theoretical underpinnings of the Axis of Resistance through Immanuel Wallerstein's World-Systems Theory and Paulo Freire's Liberation Theology, highlighting the ideological and geopolitical dimensions. The economic implications are discussed, emphasizing the necessity of forming an economic resistance front to counteract international sanctions and economic warfare. The proposed framework underscores the importance of identifying unique capabilities, integrating ideology into strategy, and enhancing economic resilience. Future research should further explore the intersection of ideology and strategy, particularly in the context of emerging geopolitical and economic challenges, to provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners.

In the present paper, “Self” and “other” and their relation have been questioned. 7 types of political confrontation between self and other and, in a wider scope, between “our” culture and “their” culture are perceivable: conquest, conversion, assimilation and acculturation, partial assimilation: cultural borrowing, liberalism, conflict, and dialogical engagement. The first six were dominant in political history of humankind. But the last type is the only appreciated one that provides the path of development and progress in the shadow of peace and security.Findings of this article show that although the dialogical engagement is not the dominant type, there are some prominent and obvious cases in the Islamic heritage. Scientific contestation of Imam Sadeq and Imam Reza (PBUT), the believers of other religions and even atheists as well as the encounter of Abū al-Rayhān Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Bīrūnī and Indians in his everlasting book, India are examples of dialogical engagement.

The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of community integration and social participation among adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). This qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth data from 27 adults with intellectual disabilities. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling from various community centers, support groups, and social service organizations. Data were collected until theoretical saturation was achieved. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcribed interviews, identifying key themes and subthemes that captured the essence of the participants' experiences and perceptions. The study identified four main themes: experiences of community integration, types of social activities, perceived benefits and challenges, and influencing factors. Participants reported a strong sense of belonging and personal growth through community activities, despite facing barriers such as stigma, accessibility issues, and financial constraints. Support systems, including family, professionals, and peer networks, played a crucial role in facilitating participation. Recreational, cultural, and educational activities, as well as volunteering, provided significant physical, emotional, and social benefits. Technological advancements, inclusive policies, and personal resilience were identified as critical factors influencing community integration. The findings highlight the importance of enhancing accessibility, support systems, and inclusive policies to promote community integration and social participation for adults with intellectual disabilities. Addressing the identified barriers and leveraging facilitators can improve their quality of life and well-being. Future research should employ mixed-methods approaches, include longitudinal studies, and consider the perspectives of family members, caregivers, and professionals to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing community participation.

Objectives: This research aims to investigate the impact of working capital management on the profitability of firms, emphasizing the moderating role of defensive and offensive business strategies. Effective management of working capital is essential for the survival of firms, as it reflects the efficient use of short-term capital and serves as a crucial measure of liquidity. Methodology/Design/Approach: This applied study employs a causal correlational methodology (post-event). The statistical population comprises all firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Due to specific constraints, a total of 135 firms were selected through systematic elimination sampling and analyzed over a ten-year period from 2014 to 2023. Finding: The results indicate that aggressive business strategies significantly moderate the relationship between working capital management and firm profitability, whereas defensive strategies do not exhibit a notable effect on this relationship. Innovation: This research contributes to the understanding of how business strategies influence the relationship between working capital management and profitability. It provides actionable recommendations for firms to adopt aggressive strategies to enhance overall performance. Furthermore, given the unstable economic environment in the country, it is suggested that firms develop strategic plans to improve their responsiveness to threats and capitalize on emerging opportunities. Keywords: Working Capital Management, Profitability, Defensive and Offensive Business Strategy.

This article explores the narrative structure in the Quranic surahs related to the story of creation. It begins with a brief introduction to the theoretical concepts of narrative grammar. The study then examines how this narrative grammar functions within the selected surahs at both micro and macro levels. At the micro level, the main events of each surah are outlined, identifying their fixed and variable elements. Additionally, the composition of these narratives is analyzed in terms of temporal, spatial, and causal principles. At the macro level, the study highlights the connection between these surahs, the prophetic biography, and the core teachings of Islam, including monotheism (Tawhid), prophethood (Nubuwwah), resurrection (Ma‘ad), and divine justice (‘Adl). These stories align seamlessly with the overarching themes and objectives of their respective surahs. Through Adam’s creation, God affirms His oneness (Tawhid) and appoints prophets to guide Adam's descendants. In contrast, Iblis and his followers oppose the prophets and the righteous. However, divine justice ultimately ensures that victory belongs to the righteous, and Adam and his progeny return to God (resurrection). Thus, the core theme of Adam’s story revolves around three key axes: the call to worship, arrogance and rejection, and the salvation of believers alongside the downfall of disbelievers—an axis that extends to other Quranic narratives as well. The findings of this study deepen our understanding of the Quran’s narrative structures and their connection to divine teachings. Furthermore, they provide a foundation for further research in narratology, semantics, and the intertextual analysis of religious texts.

Despite extensive scholarship on texts such as Munajat Sha’baniyah, a systematic translation into a widely spoken international language remains absent. This study seeks to provide an accurate translation of key phrases, particularly those that parallel expressions found in the Holy Qur’an. Employing a qualitative analytical-documentary approach, the research evaluates existing translations using Juliane House’s (1997) theoretical model for translation quality. The original Munajat Sha'baniyah is analyzed within House’s framework, alongside a potentially machine-generated translation, with particular attention to the dimensions of field, mode, and tenor. Based on this analysis, the researcher produces a new translation, informed by various Qur’anic renditions, which is subsequently assessed using the same criteria. The findings highlight significant discrepancies in field, mode, and tenor between the machine translation and the researcher’s version, emphasizing the limitations of current machine translation technologies in handling complex religious texts.

Translating recurring linguistic and rhetorical structures in the Qur’ān presents a significant challenge for English translators, as inconsistencies can disrupt the text’s thematic unity and stylistic coherence. This study investigates how such structures—categorized as expressions, sentences, verses, syntactic patterns, and rhetorical devices—are rendered in three English translations of the Qur’ān: Sahih International (1997), Yusuf Ali (1934), and Abdel Haleem (2004). Employing a descriptive-analytical approach, the research utilizes the frameworks of formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence, supported by classical tafsir and Arabic syntactic sources, to evaluate translation consistency across the five categories. The findings reveal distinct translational strategies: Sahih International emphasizes formal equivalence, demonstrating high consistency in expressions and syntactic constructions; Abdel Haleem strikes a balance between formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence, performing notably well in the translation of verses; Yusuf Ali, on the other hand, adopts a more interpretive style, resulting in greater variability and frequent departures from tafsir-supported renderings. This inconsistency underscores the importance of uniformity in preserving the Qur’ān’s integrity and enhancing clarity for readers, especially in sacred texts where repetition serves a deliberate rhetorical function. The study proposes a hybrid formal equivalence-dynamic equivalence model that prioritizes structural fidelity, such as consistent renderings of recurring phrases like “who ... except”, while incorporating naturalness to improve readability for English audiences. However, the limited sample size of three instances per category constrains the generalizability of the findings, indicating a need for broader analysis. Ultimately, this systematic approach not only promotes greater coherence in Qur’ānic translation but also offers practical guidance for translators and contributes to the broader discourse in translation studies, particularly regarding the balance between fidelity and accessibility in rendering sacred texts.

This study employs a qualitative methodology, drawing on library and documentary sources to conduct a comparative analysis of the Qur’ānic account of the Companions of the Cave in Surah al-Kahf alongside non-Qur’ānic narratives. The primary aim is to challenge Donner’s assertion that the Qur’ānic story was influenced by popular tales. This research further examines how the motif of the Sleepers of the Cave—a recurring theme in Greek, Jewish, and Christian mythology as well as global folklore—is rendered with unique originality in the Qur’ānic narrative. The Companions of the Cave are not only integrally connected to other narratives within the surah but also harmonize with the broader thematic and theological objectives present in other Qur’ānic chapters, reflecting the historical context and prophetic biography. However, due to the extensive influence of exegetical traditions shaped by Isra'iliyyat (Judeo-Christian sources), some Jewish and Christian elements have permeated Islamic literature despite the Qur’ānic account’s distinctive conciseness and internal coherence. A common motif among these various traditions is the exploration of life, death, and resurrection. Yet, in Surah al-Kahf, this motif is intricately intertwined with fundamental Islamic teachings—particularly monotheism ( tawḥīd ), prophethood ( nubuwwah ), and resurrection ( maʿād )—as well as the central themes of the surah itself. Such thematic unity and depth are notably absent in Jewish and Christian versions of the narrative.

This study analyzes the similarities and differences between the story of Prophet Solomon (AS) and the ant in Surah An-Naml and the global folktale type known as The Language of Animals (Type 670 in the Aarne–Thompson classification). The findings suggest that, although the Qur’ānic account shares certain surface features with folkloric animal tales, it exhibits distinct characteristics that set it apart. These include its use as a vehicle for theological instruction rather than entertainment; its seamless integration into the surrounding verses of Surah An-Naml; its alignment with the prophetic biography and the socio-historical context of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH); the blending of revelatory and literary language; and its unique structural design, which supports the thematic objectives of the Surah. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the Qur’ān’s narrative features and may help address doubts regarding its authenticity and reliability