درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship among sleep disorders, executive dysfunction, and sluggish cognitive tempo in adolescents utilizing a network approach. The study was performed based on descriptive-correlation method. The population of study contained all the adolescents (ages 12-18 years) in Tehran, Ardebil, Southern Azerbaijan and Western Azerbaijan provinces during 2021-2022 academic year. Data were collected from Two thousand six hundred and fifty-nine adolescents who were recruited through convenience sampling method. Participants completed the Adult Concentration Inventory (Becker et al. 2015), Sleep Disorders Symptom Checklist (Klingman et al. 2017), and Executive Skills Questionnaire-Revised (Strait et al. 2019). The bootnet package in R software used for data analysis. Results showed Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) was positively and more closely related to Sleep Disorders (insomnia) than Executive Dysfunction. the results showed that the most robust relative bridge connections were Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) and Plan Management (PM), edge weight = 0.33; Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) and Insomnia edge weight = 0.26; in addition to the positive bridge connections, a negative robust connection was also recognized between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Emotional Regulation (ER), edge weight = - 0.07. In conclusion, Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) was positively associated with sleep disorders and executive dysfunction. Future interventions may be developed that emphasize the bridge connections of sleep disorders, executive dysfunction, and sluggish cognitive tempo in adolescents

Human identity and sense of self are heavily dependent on the body and its physical attributes. Accordingly, human evaluation of these physical characteristics affects thought, feeling, attitudes, perception and behavior, and bring about a diverse array of consequences. Though research findings have revealed that body image is associated with a number of mental, psychological, and behavioral deficiencies in life, the effect of this construct on variables of marital quality of conflicting couples is rarely investigated. Thus, the current research was an attempt to investigate the relationship between body image disturbance (BID) and two of its related sub-constructs, i.e. perceived partner’s ideal beauty (PPIB) and actual partners rating (APR) with sexual self-esteem (SEE) and quality of marital relationship (QMR). To this aim, 73 conflicting couples were selected through convenience and purpose sampling from a population of subjects referred to a counseling center in the city of Qom. These participants were administered appropriate scales on different variables. The data were collected and analyzed through SPSS. The results of Pearson’s correlation revealed a strong, negative correlation between the BID and the SEE, which was statistically significant (r = -.897, n = 73, p = .000). Also, a multiple regression analysis showed that both PPIB and APR statistically significantly predicted SSE, F (2, 70) = 145.927, p < .0005, R2= 0.807 and QMR, F (2, 70) = 97.758, p < .0005. R2= 0.736. It was concluded that in spite of a meager difference between husbands’ and wives’ views about body image, this variable and the two sub-constructs associated with it correlated with SEE and served as statistically significant predictors of SEE and QMR. These findings have implications for psychologists, psychotherapists, and counselors.

Aim: The present study was conducted to compare the symptoms of anxiety disorders, emotional literacy, and emotion expression in deaf, HH, and hearing students in four cities in Iran. Methods: This causal-comparative study was conducted with the participation of deaf, Hard-of-Hearing (HH), and hearing students in Iran in 2019. A total of 72 (38 HH and 34 deaf) students with HL and 72 hearing students participated in the present research. The Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders, The Emotional Literacy Assessment Instrument, and The Emotion Expression Scale for Children were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using MANOVA. Results: The results showed a higher rate of anxiety disorders in deaf and HH students than in hearing students. Emotional literacy was lower in deaf and HH students than in the hearing students, and it was lower in deaf students than in the HH students. Also, disturbance in emotional expression (Poor Awareness Factor [PAF] and Expressive Reluctance Factor [ERF]) was higher in deaf and HH students than in hearing students, and PAF was lower in deaf students than in HH students. Conclusion:   The results support the existence of anxiety symptoms, low emotional literacy, and difficulties in expressing emotions in students with HL.Appropriate psychological and pedagogical strategies to reduce anxiety disorders and increase the level of emotion expression and emotional literacy in students with HL are recommended