درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: Pelvic inflammatory disease is a chronic disease and a common infection in women which is associated with significant complications. This study aimed to compare cognitive abilities and personality traits in infertile women with and without pelvic inflammatory disease. Method: The research method was causal-comparative and the sample of research included 48 infertile women with pelvic inflammatory disease and 57 infertile women without the pelvic inflammatory disease, who were referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Rasht in 2021 and were selected through the convenience sampling method. The research instruments were a demographic checklist, the Cognitive Ability Questionnaire (Nejati, 2013), and the Neo Personality Questionnaire (McCrae & Costa, 1985). Research data were analyzed using the Mann-whitney test and multivariate variance analysis. Results: The results showed that there was no difference between infertile women with and without pelvic inflammatory disease in cognitive abilities and personality traits (p >0.05). But there was a significant difference between four of the seven components of cognitive ability (memory; P<0.05, U= 899.00, inhibitory control and selective attention; P<0.05, U= 933.00, decision-making; P<0.05, U= 863.500, and sustained attention; P<0.05, U= 924.500), the total score of the cognitive ability variable (P<0.05, U= 815.000), and openness in both upper and lower levels of education (P <0.05, U= 907.50). Conclusion: Infertility with causes of inflammatory and non-inflammatory did not lead to cognitive dysfunction and differences in personality traits but education as a potentially influential variable can play a crucial role, which needs further research.

Methods: The present study was semi-independent in terms of its purpose, application, and research method. It utilized a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. Among the addicts referred to the Paris addiction treatment center in Tehran in 1400, 45 individuals were randomly selected through a lottery and assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group received 8 sessions of reality therapy combined with compassion-based therapy, while the second experimental group received 8 sessions of reality therapy alone. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection involved the use of Antonoski's Psychological Coherence Scale (1993) in its short form, Sanson et al.'s Self-Destruction Questionnaire (1998), and Smets et al.'s Fatigue Questionnaire (1996). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 software and repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The results of the research demonstrated that both compassion-based therapy and reality therapy significantly contributed to the improvement of psychological coherence, reduction of self-destruction behaviors, and alleviation of fatigue in substance abusers. In other words, individuals who participated in either compassion-based therapy or reality therapy experienced increased psychological coherence and decreased tendencies towards self-harm and fatigue. However, no significant difference was found between the two therapy groups in terms of their impact on the studied variables.  

Objective: The present study aimed to predict loneliness based on the perceived parenting styles and parent-child conflict resolution tactics in adolescent girls.Methods: The research used a descriptive-correlational method. The research participants included girls aged 14 to 18 in the lower and upper secondary schools of the east of Tehran in the academic year of 2021-2022. A total of 267 samples were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. The participants responded to the Loneliness Scale (UCLA) by Russell (1996), the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) by Buri (1991), and the Parent-Child Conflict Scale by Fine, Moreland & Schwebel (1983), which were presented online by teachers and researchers.Results: Based on the data analysis results, authoritative parenting style(R=-.341) at the level (p <.01).  inversely and authoritarian parenting style directly (R=.339) at the level (p <.01) predicted loneliness. Among conflict resolution tactics, reasoning inversely(R=-.180) at the level (p <.01), verbal aggression (R=.359) at the level (p <.01), and physical aggression (R=.223) at the level (p <.01) directly predicted loneliness. Additionally, the perceived parenting style and parent-child conflict resolution tactics greatly affected loneliness in adolescent girls.Conclusion: Teaching authoritative parenting style and conflict resolution tactics prevented loneliness. Meanwhile, the development of interventions and ensuring parental participation had a significant effect on the reduction and prevention of loneliness.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to ascertain the association of family functioning with job satisfaction and job security in female teachers of secondary schools in Isfahan City. Methods: The sample consisted of 103 female teachers of secondary schools in Isfahan City, selected through convenience sampling. To collect the data, the Family Assessment Instrument Questionnaire (FAD) by Epstein et al. (1983), the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) by Weiss et al. (1967), and the Job Security Questionnaire (JSQ) by Nisi et al. (2008), were used to collect the data. Pearson correlation coefficient and Structural Equation Modeling using SPSS – IBM 22 and Smart PLS 3 were run to analyze the data. Results: Job satisfaction was positively associated with family functioning and its subscales. Job security was significantly positively associated with general family functioning and its subscales. Eventually, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that general family functioning was positively associated with job security (p<.05), but it did not have any significant association with job satisfaction. Conclusion:  It is concluded that family functioning has a unique effect on the job security of female teachers, but it does not have a significant effect on satisfaction.

Objective: The current study investigated the impact of family-oriented psycho-educational interventions based on integrating systemic approaches on the dimensions of family functioning. Methods: The research design is a pre-test and post-test experiment using two experimental and control groups. The statistical population included all the families referred to family and marriage counseling centers in Tabriz City under the supervision of the General Department of Sports and Youth of East Azerbaijan Province.  In response to advertisements published in these centers, the families volunteered to participate in a psycho-educational course to enhance their family functioning. The volunteers were examined using the family assessment device (FAD), and 20 couples whose scores were average to low were selected as sample members and randomly replaced in the experimental (10 couples) and control (10 couples) groups. The experimental intervention was implemented in 10 sessions, each lasting 120 minutes on the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. At the end of the intervention, the members of both groups were re-evaluated with the family assessment device. The data was analyzed using univariate covariance analysis. Results: The results indicated a significant difference in family performance between the groups, showing that the intervention has successfully improved the performance of the families. Conclusion: The use of systemic family therapy, especially in an integrated form, is effective in improving various family-related components.

Introduction: Psychologists and counselors need Psychological Capital and Sense of Coherence to effectively engage in their professional roles in prevention and intervention. So the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of psychological capital and sense of coherence in the work engagement of Iranian psychologists and counselors.Materials and Methods: Using a web-based sampling method, 1156 psychologists and counselors from different regions of Iran were selected in 2021 and completed the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES; Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ:Luthans, 2002), and the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC:Flensborg-Madsen, 2017). SPSS26 was used to analyze the data using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression.Findings: The results indicated a positive and significant relationship between the components of psychological capital (self-efficacy, resilience, hope, and optimism) and the feeling of psychological cohesion with job desire. (P<0.001). The regression analysis also showed that self-efficacy, optimism, and hope could predict the participants' work engagement (P<0.001).However, resilience and a sense of psychological cohesion could not predict work engagement (P<0.05).Discussion The findings highlighted the role of psychological capital and a sense of coherence in the work engagement of Iranian psychologists and counselors and its place supports them in preventive and intervention activitiesConclusion: Based on the results of the current research, psychological capital and Sense of Coherence are important and influential variables on work engagement among mental health professionals, and it is suggested to pay more attention to these variables in the empowerment programs of mental health professionals

Aim: Emotional and cognitive components such as emotional intelligence, Alexithymia, and thought-action fusion have a significant impact on generalized anxiety disorder, and the above components are considered to be the main factors in the creation and continuation of this disorder. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare emotional intelligence, Alexithymia and thought-action fusion in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and normal people.Method: The present study was descriptive and causal-comparative in terms of its fundamental purpose and data collection method. The statistical population of the research was all generalized anxiety patients who referred to specialized psychiatry and counseling clinics in Qazvin city in the spring and summer of 1402, who were diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder by specialists. From this statistical population, 50 people with pervasive anxiety and 50 normal people were selected by available sampling method. The tools of this research were Bar-N's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1980), Toronto Alexithymia Questionnaire (1994) and Rachman and Shafran's Thought-Action Fusion Questionnaire (1998). Data were analyzed using SPSS-25 software and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Findings:The results showed that there is a significant difference between emotional intelligence (F=24.22 and P<0.01), Alexithymia (F=14.77 and P<0.01) and thought-action fusion (F=9.85 and P<0.01) exists in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and normal people. Conclusion:Therefore, it is recommended to pay special attention to the role of emotional intelligence, Alexithymia, and thought-action fusion in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Also, experts can use the research results for the prevention and treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.

Introduction: Effective emotional regulation is crucial for individuals with major depression. This study compares the impact of two intervention methods—repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and cognitive-behavioral therapy—on emotional regulation in this population.Methods: Conducted as a quasi-experimental, goal-oriented study, we employed a pre-test post-test design with a one-month follow-up for the control group. The sample comprised 39 men and women with major depression purposefully selected from Delaram Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran in 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: rTMS (13 participants), cognitive-behavioral therapy (13 participants), and a control group (13 participants). The experimental groups received 12 sessions each of their respective interventions, while the control group received no intervention. Demographic characteristics were recorded, and the research tool used was Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS version 26. Results: Both rTMS and cognitive-behavioral therapy demonstrated effectiveness in emotional regulation, including suppression and reappraisal components, among individuals with depression. Importantly, cognitive-behavioral therapy exhibited greater efficacy in emotional regulation and its suppression and reappraisal components compared to rTMS. Specific p-values or effect sizes are available upon request. Conclusion: In comparing the two intervention methods, cognitive-behavioral therapy emerged as more effective than rTMS in enhancing emotional regulation in individuals with depression. These findings underscore the significance of considering diverse approaches in the treatment of major depression and may have practical implications for clinical practice.