درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

هدف پژوهش حاضر معرفی مداخلات موفق روانشناسی مثبت در درمان بیماران مبتلا به اختلال شخصیت مرزی (BPD) است. بیمار مردی 53 ساله بود که به دلیل رفتار پرخاشگرانه و تکانشی توسط همسر سابقش به کلینیک روانشناسی بهار زندگی مراجعه کرد. پس از مصاحبه بالینی و انجام تست های روانشناختی (SCL-90-R، MCMI-IV)، تشخیص داده شد که وی دارای اختلال شخصیت مرزی و همچنین افسردگی خفیف است. طی 20 جلسه درمانی به مدت 5 ماه، مداخلات روانشناختی مثبت در جلسات روانشناختی فردی در قالب تکالیف هفتگی انجام شد. پس از این 20 جلسه، بهبود قابل توجهی در علائم اختلال شخصیت مرزی و افسردگی خفیف مشهود بود. همسر سابق او حتی بهبود را تأیید کرد. به عنوان یک مطالعه موردی، این می تواند از اثربخشی مداخلات روانشناسی مثبت در درمان اختلال شخصیت مرزی حمایت کند.

Aim: People with Misophonia disorder are prone to suffering from other psychological problems, such as anxiety and mood disorders, due to avoidance of various situations. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess an Experiential Avoidance model with Misophonia disorder through the mediating role of Cognitive Fusion and Emotion Dysregulation in university students.   Methods: The method of the present research is a descriptive-correlation study. The population included whole students of the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in the academic year 2022-2023. 251 university students were selected using a random cluster sampling method. Data were collected with a demographic questionnaire, "Misophonia Questionnaire", "Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire", "Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire" and "Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale".   Results: Experiential Avoidance is indirectly correlated with the symptoms of Misophonia disorder through Emotion Dysregulation.   Conclusion: Emotion Dysregulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between Experiential Avoidance and symptoms of Misophonia disorder, unlike Cognitive Fusion. It is suggested that approaches based on emotion regulation, such as transdiagnostic, be used in the development of preventive interventions and treatment for people with symptoms of Misophonia disorder

The purpose of the present study was to model the structural relationships between academic adjustment and mindfulness with the mediation role of academic hope emotion and academic anxiety emotion. This research adopted a descriptive correlational design using the structural equation modelling. The statistical population included all secondary school female students in Bushehr city in 2022-2023, and based on Cochran’s formula and Random clustering sampling method, 256 people were selected. In order to examine the research variables of the participants, the mindfulness scale Drotman, Galub, Ogansianrid (2018), the compatibility questionnaire High school students completed the Sinha and Singh (1993) and Pakrun, Goetz, Tietz and Perry (2002) academic excitement scale. analyses were done by the structural equation modeling method. The findings showed that the research model has a good fit with the collected data. The findings indicated that the structural relationship of between academic adjustment and mindfulness with the mediation role of academic hope emotion and academic anxiety emotion had an optimal fit. The findings showed that mindfulness was able to predict academic adjustment either indirectly through the emotion of academic hope and emotion of academic anxiety. In general, the findings of the current research show the role of emotion of academic hope and the emotion of academic anxiety in relationships between mindfulness and academic adjustment.It can be concluded that the requirement to increase the academic adjustment of students is to pay attention to their mindfulness, academic hope and academic anxiety.

During the Coronavirus pandemic, online classes and exams became popular to protect people's health. Despite the benefits, there were security issues and exam cheating. This research was conducted with the aim of comparing the amount and type of cheating in online and face-to-face exams using a qualitative method. The statistical population was all male and female students of the sixth grade of Pirbakran city in the academic year 2021-2022. In this research, a mixed rural school was selected using available sampling method and a structured face-to-face interview was conducted with all 14 sixth-grade students of the school. The interview questions were written and checked in MAXQDA software version 2020. From the analysis of the interviews, it was concluded that the rate of student cheating in online tests is much higher than that in face-to-face tests. The most common methods of cheating in online tests are the use of textbooks, the help of classmates, and the use of the Internet. Also, the most common method of cheating in face-to-face exams was the help of a classmate, and they considered the objective questions in the exams to be one of the important reasons for the ease of cheating. According to the findings of the research, the exams should be held in person as much as possible. In order to reduce cheating in the design of face-to-face and online tests, it is better to use more conceptual, in-depth and descriptive questions not published on the Internet browser; design different questions for students and explain the importance of studying and the negative points of cheating for students; replace four-choice questions with explanatory questions; increase the distance between the students in the face-to-face exam and control to prevent the presence of embedded fraud; not to answer the questions by the invigilators, and check students' pockets and hands in order to prevent cheating and avoid providing them with multiple draft sheets.