درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Migration of people to urban areas from the rural areas usually comes with its challenges in terms of infrastructural requirement and housing to cater for growing population. One of the challenge for the urban dwellers in Nigeria is that of adequate housing. The inability of the government to meet this demand has seen the people concerned seeking alternative solutions to housing need. The resulting settlements are usually unplanned hence becoming a challenge for government to manage in terms of providing infrastructure facilities. With the growing incidence of global warming and the attendant increase in flooding in most urban areas of Nigeria, especially between year 2000 and 2013, the safety of the people who live in slums have become a concern to the state governments due to issues of flooding and collapsed buildings. Government usually evicts such people and clear the settlement; however the people simply relocate to another area. The aim of this paper is to exامینe how community participation can be used to provide housing for the urban poor based on their living requirement, drawing from the experience of selected case studies from Kenya. The research method adopted for the study is a qualitative research method using case studies of selected communities in Kenya and selected communities in Nigeria. A comparative analysis is drawn with these communities. The research concludes by proposing how community participation process should be incorporated into provision of housing for the urban poor.

Without the surrounding environment of a site, architecture loses its full meaning. In the evolution of the design process, a site's environment should be understood as the integral factor within which a designed product or artifact is expected to perform. The environment is not of secondary priority. Every building is intertwined with its context; context being its physical, visual and ecological potentials. Modern day practice encourages the consideration of ecological factors in any plan to create/alter sites even for those who are not landscape architects. In the pedagogy of Tehran architecture schools today, the architectural design process barely touches upon landscape environment; this is a flawed presentation of architecture which should be remedied. In common practice of Iranian education, buildings rise to represent only themselves. The graduates of this lacking method owe their mal-education to the problematic studio education system. This paper presents both qualitative and quantitative evidence to support the notion that Tehran schools should change their teaching methodology to accommodate the importance of environment in the architectural design process. All research participants are students of architecture. The data, which includes content analysis exports and log-linear analysis, presents the difference between the students' point of view regarding a designed building and its relationship with the surrounding landscape.