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Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Al Farabi is the founder of Islamic philosophy and the greatest philosopher of the Islamic world. Though, among Islamic thinkers, Farabi should be considered as a group of thinkers seeking harmony between reason and religion, but with a description of the earthly divine wisdom of man, inspired by the souls of the grace of the Plotinus, the intellect transcends the intellect beyond the imagination, and compares it with the religious version of the divine intellect and puts it to a higher rank than the creed. The study of political rationality in the sense of understanding the type of role and the flow of reason in the pillars of the political system with this Aristotelian philosopher shows that the starting point of his theory of reason is Aristotle’s book “On the Soul”; but the idealist Farabi is in favor of a unified system in utopia. Using the use of Islam and Platonic and Neoplatonic philosophy, he describes the characteristics of a desirable society, a higher classification of society and the problems of the utopian system, Everywhere reason  rules  over other things, a rationale that compared with faith and religion(shariah) has some privilages. Farabi regards happiness as the ultimate goal of the political community and emphasizes the importance of intellect in individual and political ethics. The main question of the article is what is the role of reason in al-Farabi’s philosophical theorem, and how does Farabi make a relation between reason and religion in his political theory? The findings of the article show that reason and rationality play a pivotal role in theoretical philosophy of al-Farabi, being pivotal, descending, ultimate, and along with the revelation and even beyond it in Farabi’s political thought, and religion has a secondary role. Farabi’s approach in this way is philosophical.

The pattern of change in HIV from fatal diseases to chronic diseases due to improvement of treatment made a new challenge for diagnosis and care for the needs of people who live with HIV. This study reviews the role of health hardiness and anxiety on the immune system and quality of life in HIV patients. 125 men with HIV infected through injection participated in this study. They were asked to complete the revised health hardiness inventory, Spielberg state-trait anxiety inventory, and WHOQOL-brief. Data from four times of cd4 experiment with three-month intervals was obtained from the dossier. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation, dependent t-test, multiple regression, and logistic regression. Results of this study show no statistically significant relationship between health hardiness, anxiety, and the immune system. The regression analysis indicates that the total score of quality of life with health hardiness and anxiety was statistically significant (0.0001). Subscales of perceived health (β=0.302), state anxiety (β=-0.305) and trait anxiety (β=-0.449) in equation relative to prediction quality of life were statistically significant (0.0001). Health hardiness and anxiety are not associated with a lowered immune system. The patients with higher anxiety had lower quality of life and those with higher health hardiness had higher quality of life

EU has developed a plethora of initiatives to deal with the southern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. From Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) and the so-called Barcelona Process to European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) and Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), different regional programs have been implemented in the Mediterranean region. The diversity and increasing number of countries involved have led to a feel of Mediterranean bazaar with diverging directions. Thus, one question appears to remain unanswered: In what ways have ideational foundations affected the EU initiatives in the Southern shores of the Mediterranean Sea? The research hypothesis states that differences in ideational foundations of the Mediterranean powers, namely, France, Italy and Spain, in moments of crisis have led to the multiplication of initiatives and brought in at times conflicting arrangements between the north and the south of the Mediterranean Sea. The research question was answered under the Constructivist Institutionalism using the qualitative methodology of content analysis.  Research findings reveal that when confronted with moments of self-doubt (crisis), each of the Mediterranean powers has effectuated an institutional change according to its established ideas and cognitive filters.