درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of barriers to the advancement of sports justice in  schools of deprived areas with a mixed method. The present study was a sequential exploratory research and a survey one. The research population in the qualitative section included sports teachers in deprived areas that were purposefully selected for qualitative interviews (interviews with 15 participants until reaching the theoretical saturation). The research population of the quantitative section consisted of 181 sports teachers . The data collection tool in the present study was a semi-structured interview and a researcher-developed questionnaire. In order to analyze the research data, coding in the qualitative part and structural equation method in the quantitative part were conducted. In the qualitative part, 25 concept codes and 5 main categories were extracted. In the quantitative part, all 5 main extracted categories (economic, manpower, management, infrastructure, motivation) had a proper fitness.

Purpose: The world is getting old. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disease, which in case of no intervention, this ratio reaches 4 more advanced stages in people over 85 years old. Some methods have shown that they can be effective in preventing and slowing down the course of the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of aerobic exercise program on the quality and some physiological parameters related to sleep in the elderly with Alzheimer's disease. Method: 22 elderly people with Alzheimer's disease were randomly divided into two groups of 11 people: aerobic exercise and control. The subjects in the aerobic training group practiced three sessions every week for twelve weeks and each session lasted for 45 minutes. The sleep quality of the subjects was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI). Physiological variables related to sleep (TG, TC, LDL, HDL) were also measured by blood sampling before and after twelve weeks of aerobic exercise Results: The results showed that the sleep quality of the subjects improved by 31% in the Pied Heroi group, which was statistically significant. In addition, there was a significant improvement in the changes of TG (p=0.034), TC (p=0.017), LDL (p=0.006), and HDL (p=0.016) in the aerobic training group. The results of the independent t test also showed that there was a significant difference in sleep quality between the aerobic training and control groups. However, no relationship was observed between changes in sleep quality and changes in physiological variables related to sleep. Conclusion: It can be concluded that twelve weeks of aerobic exercise improves sleep quality along with some physiological parameters related to sleep in the elderly with Alzheimer's disease and will be useful as a way to treat sleep problems in the elderly.

It is of great importance to compare the old and the new Chinese Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health in Compulsory Education to observe what has changed and what has not for the better enforcement of the updated standards. This study combines text mining and content analysis to quantitatively evaluate the texts of the 2011 and the 2022 Curriculum Standards for Physical Education and Health in Compulsory Education by constructing a Policy Model Consistency Index. The results showed that the two editions had a high degree of consistency, which is in compliance with the standard design. However, structural imbalances were noticed in the effectiveness of the 2022 Edition, which needs reconsideration of the curriculum difficulty, enhancements in the curriculum implementation, and improvements in the effectiveness of curriculum objects. Suggestions are also provided to address these issues in the hope of shedding light on related areas for front-line educators.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is viewed as one of the defining crises of the current era, with various adverse ramifications for sports performance. Aim: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and caffeine supplementation on the cognitive performance and balance of college student-athletes recovered from COVID-19. Materials and Methods: Forty male student-athletes aged between 18 to 25 years from the Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin were randomly assigned to four groups: 1. exercise + caffeine supplementation, 2. aerobic exercise + placebo, 3. aerobic exercise, and 4. control, in a pre-test post-test design. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the normality of data distribution and covariance analysis was used for inter-group comparison. Results : The ANCOVA analysis showed significant differences in cognitive performance and balance among the four groups ( P <0.05). Pairwise comparisons using the Bonferroni post-hoc test showed statistically significant differences in cognitive performance and balance between the aerobic exercise + caffeine group versus the aerobic exercise + placebo group (P<0.05) and the aerobic exercise versus the control group ( P <0.05). Also, there was significant differences in mean cognitive performance and balance indices between AE+CAF versus CONT ( P <0.005) and AE+CAF versus AE ( P <0.005). Conclusion: The results of this study show that aerobic exercise with caffeine supplementation can improve cognitive performance and balance of student-athletes recovered from COVID-19.

The aim of this mixed-methods study is to develop a model for the development of insurance fields in the sports industry in Iran with a systematic data-based approach in the qualitative phase and a survey approach in the quantitative section. The data collection tools included document review, experts’ interviews, and questionnaires, which its reliability and validity were validated. The participants in the qualitative section consisted of 21 university professors in sports management familiar with insurance issues and insurance industry experts familiar with the sports industry selected by purposive sampling approach in 2022. The statistical population in the quantitative section consisted of insurance sales networks and sports executive bodies. Based on the Morgan table, 384 individuals were selected through the available sampling. Data analysis was performed using NVIVO, Smart PLS software. The coding results led to the extraction of 88 primary codes, 20 axial codes, and 10 selective codes. The results showed that the core factors of casual conditions of the model of developing insurance fields in the sports industry included the external conditions, the background factors, the intervention conditions, the strategies, and the outcomes. Based on the research findings, the strengthening of the economic infrastructure and constructive marketing strategies had the most significant impact on the research model.