درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background: Late diagnosis and treatment of congenital hip dysplasia (CHD) can cause many problems in a person's daily life.   Aim: Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and compare the effect of therapeutic exercises and education on parents’ weight bearing, range of motion, joint stability, and disease complications in 4-10-year-old children with congenital hip dysplasia. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test design on 40 children with CHD in two groups of 20 people: therapeutic exercises and education. The training program of the therapeutic exercises group was done on a middle day for 8 weeks from 60 to 90 min in each session. Also in the training group, parents were taught about the correct methods of sitting, standing, and lying down. Before and after the intervention, the subjects were evaluated by the researcher in terms of performance indicators. These indicators were evaluated with specialized tests (weight bearing with standing flexion test, range of motion with stork test, and joint stability with sitting test). The analysis of variance was used to compare the differences between groups in terms of the effect on the indicators. Results: Based on the findings, the difference between the two groups of therapeutic exercises and education to parents was significant in weight-bearing and range of motion (P=0.000 and P=0.000), but in hip joint stability and disease complications, no significant difference was observed (P=0.269 and P=0.163). Conclusion: Considering the greater effectiveness of the therapeutic exercises, it is suggested to design a codified program in the physical education program of U10 children to correct skeletal abnormalities, especially hip dysplasia.

Background: Neuromuscular training (NMT) and supplementation with essential minerals such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn) may enhance muscular reaction time (RT) and electromechanical delay (EMD). However, research on this topic, particularly among taekwondo athletes, is limited.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NMT and Cal-Mg-Zn supplementation on RT and EMD in taekwondo athletes.Materials and Methods: Sixty athletes from a single taekwondo club in Tabriz, Iran, were randomly assigned to four groups of fifteen: Control, Ca-Mg-Zn, NMT, and Cal-Mg-Zn + NMT. NMT was conducted in 60 min sessions, four times a week, for six consecutive weeks, prior to main taekwondo training. RT and EMD were measured using electromyography before the intervention (T1), three weeks after (T2), and six weeks after (T3). Data were analyzed using SPSS with a confidence level greater than 0.95, employing repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests.Results: No significant differences in RT and EMD were observed among the groups at baseline (P> 0.05). In both post-test assessments, the Cal-Mg-Zn + NMT group exhibited significantly lower RT and EMD compared to the other groups (P< 0.05).Conclusion: The inclusion of NMT with zinc supplementation can effectively improve RT and EMD, thereby enhancing the athletic performance of taekwondo athletes.

This study compares externalizing behavior disorders in overweight and normal-weight boys. The statistical population includes all the male students of elementary schools in Mashhad, who were selected using the cluster sampling method, six districts, and among the schools in this district, two boys' schools and a total of 222 students were selected as the research sample. Children's Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used as a tool in this study. The results showed that, in general, there is a significant difference in externalizing behavior disorders between overweight and normal-weight boys (P<0.05), which is seen in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. In comparison, these two groups had no significant difference in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (P<0.05). According to the results of the research, informing and changing the attitude of parents in preventing the occurrence of obesity and overweight and ultimately behavioral problems seems necessary, and since the deviation from normal weight is related to inappropriate and risky behaviors, early interventions and appropriate planning in this field is practical and necessary during the sensitive period of childhood.