درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between parenting styles and academic self-handicapping by mediating role of meta-cognitive and perfectionism skills. Methodology: The statistical population of the study consisted of all the second grade secondary school students in studying the academic year of 2017-18, in Bojnourd. A sample of 350 students was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. To collect the data,(a) Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ),(b) Metacognitive Skills Questionnaire(MCSQ)(Dowson,Mcinerney, 2004), (c) Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt, Flett (1991) and (d) Academic self-handicapping Scale (ASHS) (Schwinger, 2014) were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and Structure Equation Modeling were used to analyze the data. Findings: Findings showed that parenting styles directly to academic self-handicapping was not significant, But through the mediating role of meta-cognitive skills and perfectionism was significant. and the hypothetical model had good fit. Conclusion: teaching of the metacognitive skills to students will reduce the academic self-handicapping, and the increaseing of perfectionism will increase the likelihood of academic self-handicapping in the students.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to model the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. Methodology: The method of this research was correlation research based on structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of this study was all first grade students in the second-high school of Sari in the academic year of 1398-98. 260 subjects were selected using stage sampling method and Rundo & Aborson Risk Perception Questionnaire (2004), Social Anxiety Inventory (SPI), Psychological Injury Questionnaire (SCL-25) and Child and Adolescent Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-C)) Answered. The statistical method of the research was structural regression equations according to spss24 and Amos23 software. Findings: The results showed that self-efficacy had a significant mediating role in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder, and there was a significant negative correlation between the components of risk perception and self-efficacy with psychological vulnerability. Conclusion: The results of this study emphasize the necessity of risk perception as well as the mediating role of self-efficacy on adolescents' psychological vulnerability.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the factors affecting Service Learning (SL) in primary school students in Tehran. Methodology: The present descriptive survey research was conducted in terms of the goal as basic with mixed approach, exploratory categorization. In the qualitative part, in addition to using specialized texts in the field of SL, Teachers and specialists active in the field of service learning were interviewed; participants in quantity part included elementary school teachers in the same city. In the qualitative section, the sample included 30 people who were selected by targeted sampling method, considering 5-15 people for each variable, and in quantitative one, 309 people were randomly selected via single-stage cluster. To collect data in the qualitative part, analysis of texts related to service learning, and semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part of the study, the researcher-made questionnaire were used. Findings: For data analysis in the qualitative part, two analyses of grounded and content, and in quantitative, exploratory factor analysis were administered. The results showed that five factor categories affect the implementation of service learning in schools, which were respectively (based on factor load value) at the following: 1) professional and general competence factor of teachers, with 25 indicators and factor load of 0.694. 2) the atmosphere factor of School, with 8 indicators and operating load 0.680. 3) Curriculum development, with 34 indicators and factor load of 0.631. 4) Educational leadership, with 12 indicators and factor load of 0.0670. 5) School relationship with community, with 7 indicators and Operating load 0.646. Conclusion: In general, in order to increase students' orientation of service learning, the competency and capability of teachers should be improved through new software methods and technology, furthermore, the school space should be appropriately enriched in terms of content, curriculum and educational programs to meet students’ basic needs and to establish effective relation between the school, and influential factors in the society.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a model of organizational empowerment based on knowledge management among employees of Sepah Bank branches in Tehran. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection, it was a mixed research (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population consisted of academic and organizational experts including senior managers of Sepah Bank in Tehran and the quantitative department included all employees of Sepah Bank in Tehran. Sample size was estimated in theoretical saturation (20) in qualitative section and 343 in quantitative section. Purposeful sampling and stratified random sampling were used for quantitative sampling. Data were collected through qualitative interviews and quantitative researcher-made questionnaires based on 5-point scale. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by several experts, validity was calculated by means of variance mean and divergent validity was calculated by AVE. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.968 through Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, AVE, AVE root matrix, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, confirmatory factor analysis, and one-sample t-test. Findings: The results resulted in the identification of 17 components and 66 indicators, including 14 affective components including trust, motivation, commitment, emotional intelligence, participation, communication, structure, education, culture, leadership, technology and reward and 3 affective learning components. Organizational, organizational entrepreneurship and performance, a moderating variable (personality traits) and knowledge management as independent variables affect organizational empowerment based on knowledge management. Other results showed that the status of identified components in organizational empowerment based on knowledge management is desirable. In addition, mechanisms, facilitators, and barriers to organizational empowerment based on knowledge management were also presented. Finally, a research model consisting of influencing factors, content phenomena (constituents, facilitators, barriers, and effective mechanisms for organizational empowerment based on KM) was presented and the degree of fit was confirmed by experts with 95% confidence. Conclusion: Choosing important and effective knowledge and capabilities in the organizational field and enhancing organizational skills is a very effective way of empowering organizational personnel that can lead to enhancing organizational efficiency and organizational integrity of an organization's personnel.

Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify and analyze the factors influencing Authentic leadership in the Tax Administration of Iran. Methodology: The present study was qualitative in nature and was conducted using Delphi technique. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts, experts and managers specializing in tax affairs who had experience in the field of genuine leadership. There were 8 of them. These individuals were selected using targeted sampling. In order to collect data, a questionnaire was used which was distributed in 3 stages. In the first stage, after collecting the opinions of the respondents, similar opinions were identified and the main fields were identified. By identifying concepts and factors, a structured questionnaire was designed that was used as a tool for the second stage of Delphi. In the third round of Delphi, comments were ranked and statistical summaries were prepared, and finally the factors influencing genuine leadership in the tax administration were identified. In order to analyze the data, using the content analysis method, the results of the first stage of the Delphi questionnaire were analyzed and the main sentences and concepts were extracted. Findings: The findings of Delphi's analysis indicated that 16 factors were influential in genuine tax leadership. In other words, according to the main loads, the research model had a good reputation and strategic vision with a factor load (0.98) was the most determining factor in genuine leadership. Conclusion: The foundation of genuine leadership with the concept of originality expresses the conditions in which individuals behave in accordance with their values ​​and beliefs and their high human nature.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify early growth indices of general managers in order to present the growth pattern of general managers of Iranian provinces in the academic year of 2017-2018. Methodology: To this end, the qualitative research approach and data arising theory (systematic design) have been the criterion for action in this study. The statistical population consisted of all heads of education provinces of Iran. Purposive sampling continued until the researcher saturated theoretically using a semi-structured interview with 14 sample members. Findings: The results showed 16 main categories that were modeled as a paradigm model including: causal conditions (organizational factors; extra-organizational factors; individual traits), focal categories (leadership and management traits; individual traits), growth strategies (extras organizational factors, organizational factors; Individual factors), contextual factors (social factors, economic issues, cultural issues), intervening factors (organizational factors; individual factors) and outcomes (community; organizational factors; individual factors), using the results of theoretical and background studies Research and analysis of the content of interviews conducted, early indicators of modality development The whole thigh has been identified and included in three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding of general manager maturity model in five main categories of causal conditions, pivotal phenomenon (general manager maturity model), general manager maturity strategies, intermediary conditions, and managerial maturity outcomes. Conclusion: The professional development of principals leads to the implications that at the community level in the form of education and training of students, the formation of interaction with education and personal growth, growth, performance, communication, thinking and management and decision making, decision making. Finds and manages.