درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a spirituality therapy training program on quality of life and spiritual intelligence among students with visual impairments. The methodology was of an experimental type with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included visually impaired students, studying at Shoorideh Shirazi School for the Blind in the academic year 2019-2020, among them 32 visually impaired students were purposefully selected, randomly divided into two experimental (16 subjects) and control (16 subjects) groups. The instruments used in the study were the Quality of Life Questionnaire (1992) and the King Spiritual Intelligence Scale (2008), both filled out by the students in both groups as a pretest before the program. The spirituality therapy training program, consisting of 12 sessions, was presented to the experimental group for two months in the form of two 65-minute sessions per week. It is worth mentioning that the control group did not receive any training from the researcher and that they only received the same daily school educational program that was offered to the experimental group as well. Upon completion of the training program, the Quality of Life Questionnaire and the King Spiritual Intelligence Scale were completed by the students as a posttest. SPSS software was used to analyze data. And mean and standard deviation were used in the descriptive statistics section. In addition, a univariate analysis of covariance was used in the inferential statistics section. The results obtained from this study showed that spirituality therapy training improved quality of life and spiritual intelligence among students with visual impairments. Therefore, it can be concluded that the spirituality therapy training program can help enhance quality of life and spiritual intelligence among students with visual impairments.

The present study aimed to investigate the causal pattern of the relationship between personality variables and coronavirus-related health attitudes mediated by the internal locus of control, and the moderating role of self-esteem in students. The sample participants consisted of 150 students of varying educational levels who completed the Health Behavior, Health Attitude, Internal Locus of Control, risk-taking, self-esteem, and conscientiousness and neuroticism questionnaires, online and through messaging applications (Telegram and WhatsApp). To analyze data, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to measure fitness of the model and examine direct relationships. Measurement of the mediator relationship was assessed via, Bootstrap, and the moderator relations were examined with hierarchical regression. The results showed that the model's fitness well with the data and all direct relationships, except the relationship between risk-taking, and health attitudes were confirmed. The findings also confirmed the mediating role of the internal locus of control in the relationship between personality traits and health attitudes. The results further indicated the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between the internal locus of control and students' health attitudes. In other words, the relationship between the internal locus of control and health attitudes in students with higher self-esteem is stronger than the relationship in which students reported lower self-esteem. The results also confirmed the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between neuroticism and students' health attitudes. In other words, the relationship between neuroticism and health attitudes in students with lower self-esteem is stronger than the relationship in which students reported higher self-esteem

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the methods of coping with coronavirus anxiety and the mental health of female athletes aged 30-50 years participating in aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran. Method: This study was both descriptive and causal-comparative in nature. The study's statistical population consisted of all female athletes aged 30 to 50 years in the field of aerobics and non-athletes in Tehran in the year 2021-2022. In this study, 50 female athletes from Tehran's 1nd district were selected through a voluntarily sampling method, while 50 non-athletic women voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected using the 12-GHQ Mental Health Scale (Goldberg & Williams, 1988) and the Stress Coping Styles Scale (Endler & Parker, 1990). Data analysis was performed using SPSS24 software, employing multivariate statistical analysis of variance. Results: The research findings indicate a significant difference in coping styles between female athletes and non-athletes. Specifically, the score for problem-oriented coping style in female athletes was higher than that in non-athletes (P<0.05). The score for emotion-oriented coping style was also higher in female athletes compared to non-athletic women (P<0.05). However, the score for avoidance coping style in female athletes was lower than in non-athletic women (P<0.05). Regarding mental health, the average score for mental health in female aerobics participants was lower than that in non-athletes (P<0.05). A lower score in mental health is considered indicative of better mental health. Therefore, it can be concluded that female athletes have better mental health compared to non-athletic females. Conclusion: The study's results suggest that female athletes and non-athletes have different coping styles when dealing with coronavirus anxiety. Female athletes tend to employ problem-oriented and emotion-oriented coping styles more frequently, while non-athletes are inclined toward avoidance coping style. Furthermore, female athletes demonstrate better mental health than their non-athletic counterparts.

Objective: Pelvic inflammatory disease is a common infection that can reduce family functioning by causing long-term complications such as chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This study Aimed to compare family functions in Infertile women with and without the pelvic inflammatory disease. Method: The research method was causal-comparative and the participants included 48 infertile women with pelvic inflammatory disease and 57 infertile women without The pelvic inflammatory disease, who were referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in Rasht in 2021. Based on the patients' records and the diagnosis of the gynecologist, infertile women with pelvic inflammatory disease (tubular factor) and infertile women without pelvic inflammatory disease (due to other causes) were selected purposefully. A demographic checklist and McMaster Family Functioning Questionnaire were used to collect data. Research data were analyzed using one-way and multivariate variance analysis. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of emotional fusion in infertile women with pelvic inflammatory disease and infertile women without pelvic inflammatory disease (P <0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in the two levels of high and low education in emotional control and response and interaction between group and education components (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study and the importance of the emotional integration component in women with infertility without pelvic inflammatory disease, this component can be used as a strength in these women for more effective communication in married life and to reduce the negative effects of infertility and education should be further examined as a possible influential variable.

Objective: The present study determined the fit of hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in patients with postoperative breast cancer. Method: The sample of the study included 400 women selected using the purposive sampling method from patients with breast cancer who after surgery referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the spring and summer of 2021. Data collection tools included Gibbons and Buunk's Social Comparison Orientation Scale (1993), Khodapnahi et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire (2009), Schneider Hope Scale (1991), Paloutzian and Ellison's Spiritual Well-Being Scale (1982), Cash, Winstead, and Janda's Body Image Questionnaire (1985), and Wallston et al.'s multidimensional Health Locus of control scales (1978). Results: The hope model based on spiritual health, body image, family support, and health locus of control mediated by social comparison in postoperative breast cancer patients had a good fit. Also, spiritual health (r = 0.48), body image (r = 0.46), family support (r = 0.37), and health locus of control (r = 0.23) had a direct correlation and indirect effect on the variable of hope mediated by social comparisons. Conclusion: In order to increase the hope as the inner force needed to fight breast cancer, we can improve the quality of spiritual health, positive body image, family support, source of health control, and social comparison.

Objective: Cancer is one of the most essential health issues in the world and Iran which is usually associated with significant clinical and psychological discomfort in the optimal use of coping strategies. Therefore، the purpose of the present study was to analyze a structural model of medication adherence based on health anxiety, positive meta-emotion, and pain self-efficacy mediated by health locus of control in men with cancer. Method: The research was descriptive-correlational using structural equation modelling to test the relationships between the variables. The statistical population was men with gastrointestinal cancer in Golestan province referred to Shafi Hyrkan Cancer Patients Support Center. According to, 227 people were selected through targeted sampling. The research instruments included the Salkowski and Warwick Health Anxiety Inventory, Beer and Moneta Positive Metacognitions and Positive Meta-Emotions Questionnaire, Nicholas Pain Self-Efficacy questionnaire, Morisky, Ang, and Wood's Medication Adherence Questionnaire, and Wallston's Health Control Source Inventory. Data analysis was performed in LISREL software version 8.71. Findings: The results showed that health anxiety, internal health locus of control, and positive meta-emotion had a positive effect (P <0.005) and pain self-efficacy had a negative and significant effect on medication adherence (P <0.001). The source of internal health locus of control mediated the effect of pain self-efficacy and positive meta-emotion mediated the medication adherence positively and significantly (P <0.005). Conclusion: Health anxiety, positive meta-emotion, and pain self-efficacy are correlated with medication adherence and affect medication adherence mediated by health locus of control.