درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: In Iran, women have major challenges and are in high conflict between the elites and the rulers. In many cases, society still emphasizes the maternal role of women more than her entry into the public arena, and this is in the fundamental contradiction of the women's management system in various forums. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to present the pattern of the status of the women's management system in the sports assemblies. Methodology: This study was performed in a combined method, the first part of which is the basis of the basis and the second part was done by scrolling. The statistical sample in the first part of the 16th sportsmen and professors and senior sports managers and in a few 141 people were studied. Data analysis in three stages of coding was open, pivotal and nucleus. In the quantitative section, the model and assumptions have been tested using the navigation method. Findings: With the analysis of 16 deep interviews and the implementation of these interviews, 125 meaningful concepts and propositions are extracted, and then from these 125 concepts, 141 corresponding concepts are pulled out. The overlap and meaning of many of the corresponding concepts led the researchers using their theoretical sensitivity to introduce and explain these 141 concepts to 27 sub -categories and ultimately 27 sub -categories with ten main categories. These ten subcategories consisting of; Identity in managerial spaces, the ability to divide, overcome gender spaces, effective control, planning, networking and communication skills, field and leadership, social support for women's management, exercise management and organizational efficiency, which are more abstracted by coding. Selection, a nuclear category as "the position of the women's management system in sports assemblies in the context of overcoming gender spaces and gaining social support for women's management in the ability to divide and organizational efficiency with women's intervention and communication skills based on field strategies and leadership, program. The centrality and management of management, despite the consequences of identifying in managerial and effective control spaces in Iranian society, appear to be realized in Iran, "which can cover all other categories. Conclusion: Considering the weakness of existing theoretical models in the field of the position of women's management system in sports associations, a new approach to explaining the management system of women in sports in Iran can help the health of women's sports.

Purpose: Women studies have always been of interest to researchers. The issue of women's presence in business and management is one of the most important issues in the field of women's studies. This study sets to investigate the effect of characteristics of female managers who were either member of board or CEO on earning quality. Methodology: To this end, we collected necessary data such as financial statements from 102 Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies. The data belongs to period stretching from 20 Feb 2015 to 20 Feb 2020. To test our hypotheses, multivariate regression with panel data and also EViews software were utilized. The results show that the presence of female managers has a positive as well as meaningful effect on earning quality. Findings: Furthermore, the results of our second and third hypothesis indicate that the training skills of female managers and their experience in the board have a positive and significant relationship with the quality of companies’ earnings. Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it is recommended that women be used more in managerial positions and the existing misconceptions that have prevented skilled and experienced women from appearing should be discarded.

Purpose: The efficiency of various organizations, especially educational organizations, depends to a large extent on the accountability of their principals. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to analyze the dimensions and components of promoting the accountability of secondary school principals. Methodology: This was an applied qualitative study. The study population included academic experts in educational management and educational sciences of Hormozgan province in 2020-2021. According to the principle of theoretical saturation, the sample size was estimated to be 10 individuals who were selected by purposive sampling method. The data collection instrument included a semi-structured interview. The validity of the above instrument was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was calculated 0.85 using intercoder agreement coefficient. Finally, data analysis was carried out by open, axial and selective coding method in MAXQDA ver. 2018. Findings: The results of the present research showed that promoting the accountability of secondary school principals consisted of 32 indices, 9 components and 3 dimensions as follows: social accountability with two components of commitment to others and justification of an action to others, organizational accountability with four components of monitoring mechanisms, reporting, downward accountability and internal accountability, and functional accountability with three components of individual accountability, transparency and participation. Finally, the model of promoting the accountability of secondary school principals was drawn. Conclusion: According to the results of the current research, in order to promote the accountability of secondary school principals, it is necessary to promote social, organizational, and functional accountability dimension and their indices and components.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between analytical literacy and computer literacy with creativity and with the role of moderating gender in high school students in secondary period in Guilan province. Methodology: The method of descriptive research of correlational type and the statistical society included the high school students in secondary period of Guilan province in the first semester of the academic year 2020-2021. The statistical sample consisted of 384 people (191 females and 193 males) who were randomly selected by paper and electronic methods. The tools for measuring variables included Abedi creativity test, researcher-made questionnaire of computer literacy and analytical literacy. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis, multivariate regression and Z test. Findings: The results showed that the effect of computer literacy and analytical literacy on students' creativity is positive and significant. The effect of computer literacy by gender on creativity was also significant. Conclusion: The effect of computer literacy on analytical literacy has been positive and significant, too. The results can be used to predict creativity in male and female students.

The aim of this research was the effect of providing a technological integrated package with curriculum subjects in improving digital literacy and social-emotional competence of fifth grade elementary students. The research method with a quantitative approach of semi-experimental type (quasi-experimental) with the experimental and control group design, the statistical population includes 457 students from the evaluated schools of the district and approved by Alborz province, who were selected by random sampling of 58 people. The research tool included two questionnaires, the Dundee University Digital Literacy Inventory (2016) based on the Open University Digital Skills Framework and the Boyatzis Social-Emotional Competence Inventory (2007). that the validity of both questionnaires was confirmed by experts and reliability was estimated based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient for digital literacy (0.942) and for social-emotional competence (0.90); Then it was distributed. The obtained data have been used with descriptive statistics (frequency table, graph, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Kolmogov Smirnov test, boxplot, ANOVA test, Lone test and path analysis method). The data were analyzed using Amos software version 24 and SPSS version 22. The results showed: 1) There is no significant relationship between social-emotional competence and digital literacy. 2) Among the dimensions of social-emotional competence, self-awareness (R=0.566), self-management (R=0.290) has a positive and significant relationship with digital literacy, and relationship management (R=0.348) has an inverse relationship with digital literacy. And it has meaning. 3) Among the dimensions of social-emotional competence, only the dimension of social awareness (R=0.133) has no significant relationship with digital literacy. 4) Among the dimensions of social-emotional competence, the highest impact is related to the dimension of self-awareness and the lowest is related to the dimension of self-management.