مطالب
فیلترهای جستجو:
فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۲۶۱ تا ۲۸۰ مورد از کل ۵۵۲٬۹۱۹ مورد.
منبع:
پژوهش های فلسفی بهار ۱۴۰۵ شماره ۵۴
219-232
حوزههای تخصصی:
This paper explores the structure of time and the possibility of the future within it, challenging conventional linear representations of temporality. The central thesis argues that the future does not lie on a vertical line above or to the eternally far right of a horizontal timeline; rather, the it emerges logically, not merely sequentially, following the past and present. For the future to fully manifest, the past and present must be thoroughly processed and, in some sense, exhausted. However, catastrophes, which have occurred and will presumably continue to occur, disrupt the flow of time by halting the past and indicating future occurrences in unpredictable ways. Therefore, to truly engage with the future, it is sometimes necessary to revisit the past, much like in psychoanalysis, where exploring repressed experiences helps illuminate present and future trajectories. This brings us to a crucial idea of this article: history and historiography are not solely concerned with understanding past events but also with anticipating and shaping future possibilities. In this light, many future catastrophes have their roots in the past. Recognizing this dynamic allows us to see that many future catastrophes have their origins in unresolved past events, reinforcing the necessity of engaging with history not only as retrospective analysis but as a mode of future-oriented thinking.
The Feeling of Ontological Insecurity: The United Kingdom's Conflict-Seeking Foreign Policy (1998–2003)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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By the advent of the New Labour government in 1997, under Prime Minister Tony Blair, the UK became actively involved in various international conflicts, including the war in Kosovo (1998), Afghanistan (2001), and Iraq (2003). This article seeks to explore why the New Labour government under Blair engaged in multiple wars and conflicts, often experiencing limited material gains for its efforts. By focusing on social factors such as the desire for recognition and a sense of ontological security, the article hypothesizes that New Labour’s conflictual stance stemmed not solely from material considerations, but significantly from the UK government’s feeling of ontological insecurity within the international society. This article argues that once a state's sense of ontological security is disrupted, whether temporally or spatially, it often pushes states to prioritize reclaiming its lost national identity over safeguarding material gains and interests, aiming to restore its ontological security. Highlighting the determination of elite policymakers to stand closely aligned with the United States, the study will use a content analysis approach to analyze three key conflicts involving the New Labour government. Ultimately, the findings suggest that a profound sense of ontological insecurity played a crucial role in driving the UK government toward conflict-oriented behaviors.
Finding all Redacts in Financial Information Systems Based on Neighbourhood Rough Set Theory for Finance Data with Decision Makers Point of View(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The Neighborhood Rough Set (NRST) method is a valuable approach for selecting a subset of features from a complete dataset, enabling us to preserve the essential information that the entire feature set provides. In financial datasets, which often contain high-dimensional input features, effective feature selection techniques are crucial to identify the features that yield the most predictable results. In this work, we use neighborhood concepts to discover data dependencies and reduce the number of features in a financial dataset based solely on the data itself, without relying on additional information. This process also includes removing extra features. To facilitate a simple algorithm, we use the properties of neighbourhood rough sets to formulate a Binary Integer Linear Programming (BILP) model. Optimal solutions to these problems are obtained using genetic algorithms. Our approach allows for feature reduction from minimum to maximum cardinality. We demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed method compared to other techniques through various tables showing the results on several benchmark datasets characterized by unbalanced class distributions. The financial dataset used in the present study is taken from the UCI Machine Learning Repository.
On Foot or on Horseback? The Honorable Way of Dueling in Pre-Islamic Iran based on Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
منبع:
Caspian, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۵
23 - 34
حوزههای تخصصی:
Duels, despite their cultural visibility and symbolic significance, were never a common nor universal form of conflict resolution. In the Iranian tradition, as presented in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh, however, they hold a special place as an element of the hero’s ethos. This raises questions about the extent of the practice of such encounters and about their ritual, whether the fighting took place on foot or on horseback. The article addresses this issue in the context of pre-Islamic Iran, juxtaposing three perspectives: the narrative of Ferdowsi’s epic, historical accounts concerning rulers and commanders, and the iconography of reliefs. In the Shahnameh, mounted combat appears as the most prestigious form, yet the poet subtly challenges its superiority, pointing instead to victory as the true criterion of honor. The comparison of these three sources allows for a deeper understanding of the significance of duels in pre-Islamic Iranian tradition.
Ilkhanid Inscriptions in Bayazid Bastami Complex, A Case Study: Inscriptions of the Mihrab of Bayazid Bastami Mosque
منبع:
Caspian, Volume ۳, Issue ۵, January ۲۰۲۵
35 - 62
حوزههای تخصصی:
The Bayazid Bastami complex, located in Bastam, Semnan province, is considered one of the outstanding examples of the Iranian religious architecture during the Ilkhanid era. Due to the existence of a renowned Sufi’s shrine, Bayazid Bastami (161-234 AH), this complex has attracted the attention of different reigns and kings since the very early Islamic period, and numerous constructions have been performed in this monument during various periods from the Deylamiyān (Deylamites) dynasty to the Qajar period. Most of the constructions in this complex and also the restorations conducted here relate to the Ilkhanid era, and particularly to Sultan Muhammad Ghazan Khan’s reign (694-703 AH) and Sultan Mohammad Khodābandeh Öljaitü’s time (703-716 AH). Thanks to his high regard for Bayazid, Öljaitü even selected his own children’s names according to Bayazid’s name and titles: Bastam, Bayazid, and Ṭayfūr. In various Ilkhanid buildings and extensions in Bayazid Bastami’s complex, numerous inscriptions can be seen that have adorned the architectural elements of this complex. Due to the existence of multiple features and the religious importance of this part, inscriptions on the mihrab of this mosque, called Mardana or Bayazid, have been widely investigated and analyzed from different aspects, including ritual, artistic, and historical. In the present research, a descriptive-analytical methodology has been applied, and the data have been collected from documentary and field studies with a theoretical approach to study the cultural history.
نقد گفتمان جنگ نیابتی در تبیین گروه های مقاومت اسلامی؛ مورد مطالعه: جنبش انصارالله یمن(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
مقدمه و اهداف: در دهه های اخیر، خاورمیانه شاهد گسترش جنبش های مقاومت اسلامی بوده است که در برابر اشغال، سلطه خارجی و تبعیض ساختاری کنشگری کرده اند. بااین حال، گفتمان امنیتی مسلط در جهان شمال، این جنبش ها را عمدتاً در قالب «نیروهای نیابتی ایران» بازنمایی می کند و بدین وسیله عاملیت تاریخی و بومی آنان را حذف می سازد. پژوهش حاضر با تمرکز بر جنبش انصارالله یمن، می کوشد نشان دهد که مفهوم «جنگ نیابتی» نه یک توصیف خنثی، بلکه سازه ای گفتمانی در خدمت نظم معرفتی و سیاسی شمال جهانی است. هدف مقاله، نقد این گفتمان و بازفهم مقاومت اسلامی در چارچوب نظریه جنوب به مثابه شکلی از سیاست ائتلافی و ضد هژمونیک است. روش ها: پژوهش از نظر رویکرد، کیفی و تفسیری است و با بهره گیری از تحلیل گفتمان فوکویی انجام شده است. داده ها شامل متون منتخب اندیشکده ها و رسانه های جریان اصلی غرب (از جمله شورای آتلانتیک، چتم هاوس، بنیاد دفاع از دموکراسی ها، سی ان ان و گاردین) در بازه زمانی اکتبر ۲۰۲۳ تا اکتبر ۲۰۲۵، در کنار بیانیه ها و سخنرانی های رسمی جنبش انصارالله و برخی پژوهش های پیشین مرتبط است. تحلیل در دو مرحله صورت گرفته است: نخست، شناسایی الگوهای زبانی و مفصل بندی های گفتمانی که انصارالله را به عنوان نیروی نیابتی ایران بازنمایی می کنند؛ دوم، مقایسه این بازنمایی با گفتمان بومی مقاومت در یمن با اتکا به نظریه جنوب و مفهوم شرق شناسی امنیتی. یافته ها: یافته ها نشان می دهد که در گفتمان امنیتی شمال، انصارالله به طور نظام مند به عنوان ابزاری تابع سیاست منطقه ای ایران تصویر می شود و واژگانی چون «گروه تحت حمایت ایران»، «جنگ نیابتی» و «شبکه تروریستی» برای سلب عاملیت محلی آن به کار می رود. این بازنمایی، با منطق شرق شناسی امنیتی، زمینه های تاریخی، اجتماعی و مذهبی یمن را حذف و مداخله خارجی را مشروع سازی می کند. در مقابل، تحلیل گفتمان بومی نشان می دهد که انصارالله ریشه در تجربه طولانی حاشیه نشینی سیاسی، تبعیض مذهبی و مقاومت اجتماعی در یمن دارد. رابطه این جنبش با ایران بیش از آنکه سلسله مراتبی و نیابتی باشد، مبتنی بر هم سویی گفتمانی و ائتلاف تاکتیکی در چارچوب مقاومت ضدسلطه است. شواهد گفتمانی و عملی نیز از عاملیت سیاسی و استقلال تصمیم گیری انصارالله در سطوح ملی و منطقه ای حکایت دارد. نتیجه گیری: پژوهش حاضر نشان می دهد که مفهوم «جنگ نیابتی» در ادبیات امنیتی جهان شمال، نه صرفاً ابزاری توصیفی برای فهم منازعات منطقه ای، بلکه سازوکاری گفتمانی برای بازتولید سلسله مراتب دانایی، طبیعی سازی مداخله خارجی و حذف عاملیت جنوب جهانی است. تحلیل موردی جنبش انصارالله یمن آشکار می سازد که بازنمایی این جنبش به عنوان «نیروی نیابتی ایران» بیش از آنکه بر واقعیت های تاریخی و اجتماعی یمن استوار باشد، محصول منطق شرق شناسی امنیتی و چارچوب های معرفتی مسلط در شمال جهانی است. در مقابل، گفتمان بومی مقاومت نشان می دهد که انصارالله کنشگری برخاسته از تجربه زیسته حاشیه نشینی، تبعیض ساختاری و مقاومت اجتماعی در یمن است که در تعامل با جمهوری اسلامی ایران، نه در قالب رابطه ای سلسله مراتبی، بلکه در چارچوب هم سویی گفتمانی و ائتلاف تاکتیکی ضدسلطه عمل می کند. از این منظر، مقاومت اسلامی را باید به مثابه شکلی از سیاست ائتلافی در جنوب جهانی فهم کرد که واجد عاملیت، ابتکار و استقلال تصمیم گیری است. در سطح نظری، این پژوهش با تلفیق نظریه جنوب، مطالعات پسااستعماری و تحلیل گفتمان فوکویی، بدیلی انتقادی برای دانش امنیتی مسلط ارائه می دهد و نشان می دهد که گذار از گفتمان «جنگ نیابتی» به فهم «مقاومت بومی و خودآیین»، شرط اساسی تولید دانش امنیتی مستقل، چندصدایی و غیرهژمونیک در جنوب جهانی است.
The Necessity of Illusion: on Hegel’s cunning of reason(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
پژوهش های فلسفی بهار ۱۴۰۵ شماره ۵۴
305-320
حوزههای تخصصی:
In Hegel’s Philosophy of History, one encounters the idea of the “cunning of reason” [List der Vernunft], which describes the unintended (universal) consequences of (particular) individual actions. However, the Philosophy of History is one of the most (if not the most) maligned of Hegel’s works, attacked by non-specialists and anti-Hegelians who use it to easily stereotype and dismiss Hegel, for instance, as a teleological anti-individualist, while most serious Hegel interpreters avoid this work at all costs. To redress the lack of serious attention to Hegel’s Philosophy of History, this paper aims to offer the strongest possible reading of Hegel’s weakest “text,” reading it alongside his strongest, the Science of Logic, thereby bringing together two seemingly contradictory instances of the cunning of reason in Hegel’s corpus. In the Logic, the cunning of reason shows how the universal emerges through the means which individuals use toward their particular ends. However, in the Philosophy of History, the cunning of reason describes how the universal acts through individuals, as it were, behind their backs and, problematically, Hegel goes on to claim that the universal (spirit [Geist]) ultimately sacrifices individuals on the “slaughter bench” of history to advance its own purpose(s). This paper’s two-part thesis is: (1) the cunning of reason in the Philosophy of History is an internal illusion of the structure of cunning of reason in the Logic, and (2) this illusion is absolutely necessary. In particular, this paper builds upon the Hegel interpretations of Todd McGowan and Slavoj Žižek.
Capitalism, Beauty Standards, and the Law: a feminist-foucauldian critique of body regulation(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
پژوهش های فلسفی بهار ۱۴۰۵ شماره ۵۴
343-362
حوزههای تخصصی:
This study examines the convergence of law, beauty standards, and feminist-Foucauldian theory, emphasising the influence of beauty myths on cultural norms and legal frameworks. Beauty standards, shaped by media, commercial, and legal structures, establish a restrictive and exclusive notion of beauty, frequently favouring lighter complexion, thinner physiques, and straight hair. These norms, devoid of a biological foundation, originate from social constructs that perpetuate patriarchal and capitalist ideologies. The law significantly reinforces these standars by normalizing certain physical traita and marginalising those who differ. Utilising Foucault’s notion of “disciplinary power,” the examination emphasises how individuals internalise societal norms and consciously modify their bodies to conform to these standards. It also attacks the legal system’s inadequacy in addressing body image discrimination, which exacerbates the marginalisation of individuals who diverge from conventional beauty standards. This study underscores the significance of intersectionality, asserting how beauty myths intersect with race, gender, and class, while urging legal frameworks that accommodate diverse body types to strengthen equality and protect against appearance-based discrimination.
Multi-level Contextual Factors and L2 Writing Teachers' Assessment Conception and Practices in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
riting assessment literacy (WAL) for second or foreign language (L2) teachers, which refers to teachers’ knowledge, conceptions, and practice of writing assessment in L2 contexts, has lately received attention from scholars. Although there has been significant debate about the impact of contextual and conceptual factors on teachers’ assessment literacy, studies focusing on how such factors influence teachers’ WAL are lacking. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the way Iranian English writing teachers' conception of assessment, and macro, meso, and micro contextual variables, impact their writing assessment practice. It also looked at how writing teachers make assessment decisions in order to negotiate and find a compromise when their assessment views and beliefs diverge from the assessment policies in their local contexts. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten in-service L2 writing teachers in Iran. The findings show that participants had positive conceptions about formative writing assessments, but they stated that they mostly used summative assessments in writing classes. Macro-level contextual factors turned out to mostly impact teachers’ writing assessment practices and conceptions. The results underscored the role of school and work experience in shaping and changing writing assessment conceptions. The findings of this study contribute to our current understanding of WAL development and the provision of more efficient assessment training for language teachers in teacher education programs.
The Impact of Concept Mapping on Summarizing Short Stories for EFL Learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Language learners find it hard to change a text’s wording and present it differently while maintaining the original meaning in the text. This research, therefore, examined the effect of concept mapping instruction on summarizing short stories for EFL learners. Two intact grade-eight classes were assigned to experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 18) groups randomly. They summarized a starter-level short story, Drive into danger, using a maximum of 450 words as a pretest. Next, the experimental group experienced concept-mapping instruction, whereas the latter group received the traditional way of teaching summarization, for six consecutive weeks. Both groups summarized the same story again, based on their instruction, into a 450-word text at a maximum as a posttest. Pretest and posttest summaries were assessed in terms of content, organization, vocabulary, and language use. The experimental group positively improved on overall performance, content, and organization, marginally improved on vocabulary, but did not improve on language use. Furthermore, the participants’ feedback on the instructional treatment supports the statistical results. The findings offer several instructional implications.
From National Concerns to Global Commitments: The Leading Role of France in the Paris Agreement(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris brought together 195 countries to reach an agreement. Regardless of the environmental issues discussed and agreed in the conference, what seems significant is the global role that France played as the conference hosting nation. The country managed to promote itself as "the" eligible place among many European cities to host the conference, creating a diplomatic prestige for itself, provoking new environmental ambitions worldwide and presenting Paris as the home city, whose name is attached to the agreement forever. Yet, environmental issues have not always been a driving force for diplomatic efforts and public policy initiatives in France. Indeed, environmental protection grew to appear in the national agenda throughout decades and developed as a notion worthy of political and diplomatic attention in a long-term process, the study of which is noticeable in the European context. Utilizing Issue Ownership and Green Soft Power theories, the research employs Theory-Testing Process Tracing method to analyze France’s environmental contributions resulting in its leader role in the Paris Agreement. Ultimately, this study seeks to illuminate how environmental concerns gained public and political attention in the French society and politics, leading to the country's position in the agreement process. The author argues that an interplay of domestic and external factors let France present itself as a responsible actor in environmental affairs, strengthen its soft power on the international stage, and reinforce both national policy and international influence on the issue of the agreement.
Russia’s Strategic Culture toward Iran in the West Asian Region(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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This study examines Russia’s strategic culture in West Asia and its implications for bilateral relations with Iran from the post-Soviet period (1991) to recent developments in 2025. Employing a qualitative framework rooted in strategic culture analysis, the research demonstrates that Russia’s approach toward Iran is shaped by pragmatic opportunism, historical experience, and a desire to maintain regional influence without overcommitting militarily. Findings reveal that Moscow engages with Tehran episodically, balancing cooperation against shared threats with strategic caution to preserve flexibility in relations with other regional actors, including Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. Brief episodes such as the U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, the Syrian crisis, and the ongoing war in Ukraine illustrate how Russia mediates, condemns actions diplomatically, and selectively coordinates with Iran without offering binding security guarantees. The study identifies a persistent divergence in perceptions: Russia often views Iran as a secondary, conditional partner, whereas Tehran expects collaboration on an equal footing. Despite these differences, mutual interests in regional stability, energy cooperation, and strategic depth create occasions for tactical alignment, particularly under external pressures. Overall, the results demonstrate that the Russia–Iran relationship is conditional, adaptive, and strategically ambiguous, with cooperation shaped less by ideological convergence and more by pragmatic calculations. By situating these interactions within the framework of strategic culture, the study provides a nuanced understanding of the limits and possibilities of Russia–Iran engagement in West Asia, highlighting how historical legacies, geopolitical constraints, and contemporary crises collectively define a partnership that is influential yet inherently fragile.
Reviving Rationality Theory: a comprehensive framework for reconstructing rationality in the age of crisis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
پژوهش های فلسفی بهار ۱۴۰۵ شماره ۵۴
155-174
حوزههای تخصصی:
A Reviving Rationality Theory offers a knowledge-based and practical framework to rebuild rational thinking in response to the complex crisis of our time. This crisis comes from the limits of traditional rationality, modern instrumental rationality, and postmodern relativism, which have led to stagnation, alienation, environmental destruction, and theoretical paralysis. Reviving Rationality defines rationality as an evolving system of knowledge and action based on three principles: coherent epistemic pluralism, constructive criticism, and evolutionary responsibility. Using multilayered critical realism, it examines reality at four levels (empirical, event-based, structural, and evolutionary) and draws knowledge from five sources (logical reasoning, empirical experience, practical intuition, social dialogue, and historical wisdom). By solving the paradox of fallibilism through distinguishing between the content, method, and purpose of knowledge, and emphasizing human dignity as a core principle for both knowledge and action, this theory moves beyond classic dualities like structure versus freedom or individual versus society. It systematically critiques instrumental rationality, postmodern relativism, and static traditionalism, proposing a three-stage process (analysis, synthesis, decision) and four criteria (logical coherence, alignment with evidence, practical effectiveness, and ethical consistency) to evaluate beliefs and decisions. Reviving Rationality is not a return to traditional or modern rationality, nor a full acceptance of postmodern critiques; instead, it provides an evolutionary, responsible, and inclusive framework that combines the strengths of scientific methods and logical analysis with diverse knowledge sources and ethical considerations to tackle complex issues like climate change and social inequality. This framework is a theoretical tool for rational and humane thinking, open to critique and improvement.
Che Vuoi? (What Does a Woman Want?)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
پژوهش های فلسفی بهار ۱۴۰۵ شماره ۵۴
363-376
حوزههای تخصصی:
Today, we encounter a question that has rarely been treated as a serious or provocative issue: women and sexuality as a philosophical problem. This theme now acts as a critical marker—an axis that divides entire fields of thought into a before and after. The beginning of this epistemic shift can be traced back to a Freudian question: What does a woman really want? In this article, we follow this question through the lens of Lacanian theory, in which he introduces the concept of sexuation and illuminates the foggy, ambiguous terrain of femininity through the formulation of the hysterical discourse. Moving beyond a purely hysterical approach to womanhood, the French psychoanalyst carved a path for the re-inscription of her historically ambivalent and fragmented image. For Lacan, woman is a symptom—an embodiment of the fundamental contradiction and rupture within the symbolic order. The Woman does not exist; rather, la femme is a rebel who struggles to exist
Willingness to Communicate, Active/Passive Motivation, and Foreign Language Learning(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
As a trigger to communication, motivation still includes undiscovered aspects which require further investigation. Hence, considering the newly proposed dual continuum model of motivation, this study investigated the relationships among willingness to communicate (WTC), active/passive motivation, and foreign language achievement (FLA) among 216 high school English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The modified version of the active/passive motivation scale (APMS) was revalidated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed significant relationships among active/passive motivation, L2WTC, and FLA. Additionally, six models were proposed for the prediction of learners’ L2WTC and FLA. The findings indicated that socio-cultural and sensory-perceptual active motivation as well as cognitive and sensory-perceptual passive motivation significantly predict learners’ L2WTC, while only cognitive active motivation predicts FLA. Furthermore, passive motivation predicts FLA in all sub-constructs. Finally, active motivation is a negative predictor of FLA if mediated by L2WTC. Overall, the study highlights the importance of passive as well as active motivation in promoting WTC and improving FLA among EFL learners.
Amplifying Achievement: How Self-Efficacy Shapes Music Students' Success in English Medium Instruction (EMI)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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English Medium Instruction (EMI) is increasingly adopted in higher education worldwide, yet its application in music education within non-English-speaking contexts remains underexplored. The application of EMI plays a crucial role in improving learners' English skills and subject matter, which can also affect learners' achievement. The most important predictor of learners' performance and success is self-efficacy, which is also a relevant concept in the area of music performance. This Review investigates the role of self-efficacy in shaping music students' academic achievement in EMI settings, where language and performance intersect. The study aims to identify how learners' self-efficacy in their musical and linguistic abilities influences their success and motivation. It contributes to EMI literature by highlighting self-efficacy as a mediating factor between language proficiency and academic performance in music education. The findings offer practical implications for curriculum design, instructional strategies, and learner support. Specifically, the study emphasizes the need to integrate self-efficacy-building practices—such as performance feedback, peer collaboration, and goal-setting—into EMI-based music instruction to enhance both linguistic and artistic development.
ایران و کریدورهای منطقه قفقاز؛ فرصت ها و چالش ها(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
مقدمه: منطقه قفقاز در سه دهه اخیر، از یک حوزه پیرامونی تحت نفوذ روسیه به یکی از کانون های اصلی رقابت ژئوپلیتیکی و ژئواکونومیک در اوراسیا تبدیل شده است. این منطقه در پیوند میان شرق و غرب و شمال و جنوب، نقشی حیاتی در شبکه کریدورهای اقتصادی جهانی ایفا می کند و بازیگران متعدد منطقه ای و فرامنطقه ای در تلاش اند تا مسیرهای تجاری و انرژی آن را در جهت منافع خود سامان دهی کنند. جمهوری اسلامی ایران نیز به دلیل قرارگرفتن در تقاطع مسیرهای شمال – جنوب و شرق – غرب، از ظرفیت مهمی برای ایفای نقشی محوری در ترانزیت کالا و انرژی برخوردار است. بااین حال، تحولات ژئوپلیتیکی پس از جنگ دوم قره باغ، جنگ اوکراین، ظهور کریدورهای مختلفی مانند کریدور میانی و پروژه زنگزور، و استمرار فشارهای تحریمی، وضعیت ایران را در چهارراه فرصت ها و تهدیدهای ژئواکونومیک قرار داده است. پرسش اصلی این پژوهش آن است که ایران در کریدورهای اقتصادی منطقه قفقاز چه جایگاهی دارد و با چه فرصت ها و چالش هایی روبه رو است؟ فرضیه پژوهش بر آن است که جایگاه ژئواستراتژیک ایران، به خودی خود منجر به ارتقای نقش این کشور در شبکه کریدورهای منطقه ای نمی شود، بلکه تنها در صورت تبدیل این موقعیت به مزیت ژئواکونومیک از طریق کریدور شمال – جنوب و سرمایه گذاری در زیرساخت های ترانزیتی، ایران قادر خواهد بود در رقابت کریدوری منطقه قفقاز جایگاهی مؤثر و پایدار کسب کند. روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش کیفی و با رویکردی توصیفی – تحلیلی انجام شده است. داده های پژوهش از طریق مطالعه اسناد کتابخانه ای، گزارش های رسمی سازمان های بین المللی، اسناد سیاستی، پژوهش های دانشگاهی و تحلیل های راهبردی گردآوری شده اند. تحلیل داده ها در چارچوب مفهومی ژئواکونومی صورت گرفته است؛ به این معنا که جایگاه ایران در کریدورهای اقتصادی منطقه قفقاز نه صرفاً از منظر ژئوپلیتیکی یا امنیتی، بلکه بر اساس تعاملات اقتصادی منطقه ای بررسی شده است. در این چارچوب، کریدورهای رقیب و مکمل (شمال _ جنوب، میانی، زنگزور و ارس) به عنوان واحدهای تحلیل در نظر گرفته شده و پیامدهای ژئواکونومیک هر یک بر موقعیت ایران به صورت تطبیقی و تحلیلی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. همچنین برای جمع بندی بهتر یافته ها از روش SWOT استفاده شده است. یافته ها: یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که ایران از موقعیتی ژئواستراتژیک برخوردار است که امکان ایفای نقش در چندین کریدور کلیدی را برای کشور فراهم می کند؛ مهم ترین آن ها کریدور شمال – جنوب است که ایران را به حلقه اتصال هند، خلیج فارس، روسیه و اروپا تبدیل می کند. این مسیر از نظر زمان و هزینه حمل ونقل نسبت به مسیرهای سنتی مزیت رقابتی دارد و در صورت تکمیل زیرساخت هایی مانند خط ریلی رشت – آستارا، می تواند ایران را به یک هاب ترانزیتی منطقه ای بدل کند. در مقابل، قدرت گیری کریدورهایی چون کریدور میانی و کریدور زنگزور می تواند تهدیدی جدی برای موقعیت ایران محسوب می شود. در واکنش، ایران با تقویت کریدور ارس، همکاری با روسیه و هند، و تلاش برای ارائه مسیرهای جایگزین در چارچوب شبکه ای از کریدورها، می کوشد جایگاه ژئواکونومیک خود را تثبیت کند. تحلیل روابط ایران با بازیگران منطقه ای و فرامنطقه ای نشان می دهد که ایران در محیطی رقابتی قرار دارد که در آن منافع و تهدیدها به شدت درهم تنیده اند. نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد که جایگاه ایران در کریدورهای اقتصادی قفقاز حاصل تعامل سه عامل کلیدی است: تحولات ژئوپلیتیکی منطقه، رقابت کریدورهای رقیب، و توان داخلی ایران در توسعه زیرساخت ها و دیپلماسی کریدوری. ایران در عین برخورداری از فرصت هایی مانند همگرایی با اینستک و کریدور میانی و نیاز جدی روسیه به مسیرهای جایگزین، با تهدیدهایی چون پروژه زنگزور، نقش آفرینی ترکیه، حضور فعال اسرائیل در آذربایجان، و فشار تحریم ها مواجه است. تثبیت جایگاه ایران در نظم نوظهور اوراسیا نیازمند تسریع در تکمیل کریدور شمال – جنوب، توسعه کریدور ارس، دیپلماسی فعال اقتصادی، و تقویت همکاری با روسیه، هند و ارمنستان است.
In-between Two Worlds: Time, Place and Language in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Selected Novels(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Post-colonial reading looks at the description and analysis of literary works from a different window than the mainstream literature and science. From this theoretical approach, the works of Abdulrazak Gurnah contain important Factors that represent and describe the two worlds of the West and the East in different ways. To examine these Factors, five novels of Gurnah have been analyzed in this article. These stories are illustrative examples for the world of Gurnah’s writing and stories. To analyze the texts, I have used the categories of time, place, and language as ‘moments’ that articulate this world. The analysis shows that these variables have affected the content and theme, of his stories in different ways, of course with differences in quantity and quality. Despite the difference in the description of the two worlds that Gurnah has dealt with, with the passage of time his stories have tended towards globalization. The attitudes of these texts are mainly placed in an ‘in-between’ space and are not necessarily placed on one side of the border. In general, despite the relatively more positive representation of the western world, Gurnah has fulfilled his mission in raising the voice of subalterns to some extent.
نقش میانجی خودافشایی هیجانی در رابطه بین تجارب آسیب زای دوران کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین فردی در دانشجویان(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
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هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش میانجی خودافشایی هیجانی در رابطه بین تجارب آسیب زای دوران کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین فردی در دانشجویان بود. این پژوهش توصیفی-همبستگی از نوع مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان در سال 1404 بود. از میان این دانشجویان 250 نفر به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامه های ترومای کودکی_فرم کوتاه (CTQ-SF؛ برنستاین و فینک، 1998)، مقیاس خودافشایی هیجانی (ESDS، اسنل و همکاران، 1998) و پرسشنامه کیفیت روابط (QRI؛ پیرس و همکاران، 1991) پاسخ دادند. داده ها با استفاده از روش مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تجارب آسیب زای دوران کودکی به صورت منفی و معنادار (05/0>P) و خودافشایی هیجانی به صورت مستقیم، مثبت و معنادار (05/0>P) کیفیت روابط بین فردی را تحت تاثیر قرار دادند؛ همچنین تجارب آسیب زای دوران کودکی بر خودافشایی هیجانی اثر مستقیم منفی و معنادار داشت (05/0>P)؛ نتایج آزمون بوت استرپ نشان داد که خودافشایی هیجانی در رابطه بین تجارب آسیب زای دوران کودکی و کیفیت روابط بین فردی نقش میانجی داشت (05/0>P). بنابراین می توان گفت تروماهای دوران کودکی هم به طور مستقیم و هم به واسطه اثرگذاری بر خودافشایی هیجانی کیفیت روابط بین فردی در دوران بزرگسالی را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهند.
Multi-Modal Driver Drowsiness Detection in ADAS via Attention-Guided Siamese Network with Temporal Modeling(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Driver drowsiness detection plays a critical role in improving road safety, as drowsiness substantially increases the likelihood of traffic accidents. In this study, we propose a novel multi-modal framework within Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) that leverages an Attention-Guided Siamese Network coupled with temporal modeling to accurately capture both spatial and temporal patterns of driver fatigue. The Siamese network processes paired facial images, enabling the extraction of discriminative features that highlight subtle changes in driver state. The attention mechanism is explicitly applied to the spatial feature maps within each branch of the Siamese network, allowing the model to focus selectively on key facial regions—such as eyes and mouth—that are most indicative of drowsiness, while also weighting complementary sensor modalities dynamically. Temporal modeling is incorporated through a sequential module (e.g., LSTM or temporal convolution) that analyzes the extracted features over time, capturing gradual and evolving signs of drowsiness that static frame-based methods often overlook. Extensive evaluations on benchmark datasets (YawDD, NTHUDDD) and a novel real-world driving dataset demonstrate superior accuracy exceeding 98.8%, along with strong cross-subject generalization. Ablation studies confirm the critical contributions of the attention mechanism in improving feature discrimination, and the temporal modeling module in enhancing sensitivity to progressive drowsiness. The proposed method surpasses traditional approaches in temporal awareness, data efficiency, and resilience to inter-subject and environmental variations, offering a robust and interpretable solution for real-time driver drowsiness monitoring in intelligent vehicles.









