مطالب

Global challenges, including climate change and rising energy consumption, necessitate sustainable architectural solutions. Optimizing architectural design for passive natural ventilation enhances energy efficiency and reduces reliance on mechanical systems. An investigation was conducted to examine how channel dimensions impact thermal comfort in connected, enclosed atria in Yazd and Tabriz. The objective is to determine channel configurations that maximize year-round thermal comfort while minimizing mechanical heating and cooling. With Rhino software and Honeybee and Ladybug plugins, simulation models were developed. A variety of channel dimensions were tested to determine the optimum PMV values throughout seasonal changes. A variety of channel widths were evaluated for thermal comfort. The atrium and adjoining spaces were improved by enhancing airflow and temperature regulation. In both cities, a 1-meter channel width consistently provided optimal thermal comfort. During winter, PMV should be -3.43, in autumn -0.66, in summer 2.41, and in spring 0.0041. As in Tabriz, the winter PMV is -4.94, the autumn PMV is -0.62, the summer PMV is 0.72, and the spring PMV is -1.13. One-meter channel widths maintain comfort through seasonal temperature variations and environmental conditions, eliminating the need for supplemental heating or cooling. The study highlights the importance of climate-responsive design and optimizing passive ventilation systems to enhance building energy efficiency. As a result, buildings can be designed for both hot and cold climates. Energy-efficient and comfortable architectural solutions are supported. A focus on channel dimensions for optimal natural ventilation is recommended for future building designs in similar climates.

Narrative inquiry has emerged as a pivotal approach for analyzing human processes and experiences in urban planning. This study employs a systematic review methodology based on the PRISMA framework to explore the role and positioning of narrative and narrative inquiry in addressing contemporary urban challenges. From an initial pool of 327 English-language sources, a refined process involving rigorous inclusion/exclusion criteria, screening, and citation chaining identified 27 key references (85% journal articles, 15% books; mean publication year: 2017). Findings, supported by quantitative trends (e.g., 75% growth in narrative studies post-2016, 48% focusing on participation, Table 3), reveal that narratives—categorized as for, in, and of planning (Ameel, 2017, 2020, 2022)—enhance stakeholder dynamics, place identity, and social decision-making, aligning with Clandinin and Rosiek’s (2007) polyphonic narratives and Sandercock’s (2003) transformative typologies. The integration of these narratives fosters interdisciplinary linkages across urban studies, architecture, and sociology, yet gaps persist in inclusivity (33% addressing identity/heritage, Table 3) and technological adoption (15%, Table 6). Thematic analysis using NVivo 12 (r = 0.65 interconnectivity) highlights the need for justice-oriented and context-sensitive approaches. Narrative inquiry facilitates interdisciplinary planning methodologies, forging robust linkages among urban studies, architecture, and sociology, while identifying critical gaps, such as inclusivity and technological integration.

Les adverbes de fréquence et ceux d’habitude font partie des adverbes temporels en langue française. Autant la notion de fréquence d’une action se rapproche de celle d’habitude à travers la répétition comme la notion commune au sein d’elles, autant elles s’éloignent du point de vue syntaxique. L’action fréquentée et l’action habituelle se différencie l’une de l’autre, non seulement parce qu’elles manquent d’une répétition précise, mais aussi parce que leurs natures sont différentes. Avoir une distinction nette pour percevoir leur différence permet au traducteur de bien établir le sens de fréquence ou celui d’habitude dans sa traduction par un choix convenable. Dans cette recherche, on se demande comment la distinction entre l’adverbe de fréquence et celui d’habitude sera possible en langue française et quelles sont leur concrétisation en traduction persane. Après avoir présenté les explications des sources grammaticales notamment La grande grammaire du français pour découvrir les nuances entre ces deux groupes adverbiaux, à travers une étude contrastive concernant les adverbes de fréquence et ceux d’habitude tirés des textes littéraires et leurs traductions persanes, il sera possible de déterminer les distinctions grammaticales. Pour conclure, lorsque le choix d’équivalent concerne simultanément le sens et la forme du principal, la traduction pourra mieux transmettre l’idée temporelle du texte source