درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Over the last few decades, both developed and developing countries have an increasing trend in technology but with an enormous gap, particularly in the education sector. The e-learning following institutions can achieve benefits by evaluating their e-learning readiness through up-front analysis. Moreover, several models have been introduced to measure e-learning readiness for developed countries but these are not adequate for developing countries.  This paper introduced the e-learning readiness evaluation model for the developing country, Libya, by considering the primary education sector. Furthermore, this study examines the e-learning level of readiness in the staff of the primary school. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the e-learning readiness of staff by directing factors of e-learning readiness i.e. cultural readiness, content readiness, and technology readiness. To achieve this objective, this paper collects data through questionnaires, and respondents are 110 staff member of primary schools in Yefren, Libya. Therefore, the multivariate analysis shows that the e-learning readiness factors have e significant relationship with the adoption of e-learning because most teachers are well prepared and ready. Likewise, results indicate that technology is the most significant factor instead of other e-learning readiness factors. According to the views of staff, there should be more content development training required for primary school staff. Thus, the demographic structure is inadequate to enhance the e-learning but the staff is ready for e-learning. Consequently, this study emphasizes the significance of cultural readiness and its relationship with the adoption of e-learning in primary education sectors’ development in Yefren, Libya.

With the rapid advancement of information and communication technology (ICT), public administration has adopted the concept of e-government. The academic literature produced many studies in the field of E-government (E-GOV) services, however, there is limited research on such services from the perspective of bibliometric and Network analysis. Therefore, this study aims to present a bibliometric and network analysis of the E-government services literature review obtained from the Scopus database, published between 2011 to 2021. This study uses a five-step method including (1) defining keywords, (2) initializing search outcomes, (3) inclusion and exclusion of some elements of the initial result, (4) compiling initial data statistics, and (5) undertaking analysis of data. The analysis starts by identifying more than 4,880 published articles related to E-government services published between 2011 and 2021. The study findings revealed that the highest number of publications on the E-government Service was in 2019 (102 articles), the top contributing affiliation was Brunel University London, the leading influential country was the USA, and the top contributing Source was Electronic Government. Furthermore, Lu J. occupied the first rank in the list of the most influential authors in terms of citations, while Weerakkody V. occupied the list of the top authors with high publications 20 papers. Likewise, this study showed that there is a collaboration among some authors. This research identified four research clusters by which researchers could be encouraged to widen the research of E-government services in the future. The bibliometric and network analysis of E-government services helps to graphically display the publication's assessment over time and identify domains of current studies' interests and potential directions for further studies. Finally, this research draws a roadmap for future investigation into E-government services.

One of the strategies used in active portfolio management is the "network matrix model "which can be used to form different portfolios with different characteristics of stocks or companies. In this study, with the data of 156 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2011 to 2018 using the network matrix model and based on throughput accounting criteria, portfolio formation and their performance with the portfolios of the new network matrix model (Defensive, neutral and aggressive stocks) and market portfolio were compared. The results show that the proposed network matrix model portfolios based on throughput accounting criteria have higher performance than the new network matrix model in terms of Sharpe, Sortino, upside potential, and omega criteria. Also, portfolios consisting of stocks of companies with high system performance, in addition to the above criteria, have higher performance in terms of Jensen's Alpha criteria than the new network matrix model, and in terms of upside potential and omega criteria, have higher performance than the market portfolio. The performance of portfolios consisting of stocks of companies with low system performance has a stronger correlation with the market portfolio compared to the new network matrix model.

In this research, using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and TOPSIS method (TOP) based on financial criteria, earnings per share, dividend per share, operating cash flow growth, earnings per share growth, beta (systematic) risk, volatility Operating profit, stock liquidity and price-to-earnings ratio selected according to the opinions of investment experts, formed a portfolio. Then, the criteria for evaluating the performance of risk-adjusted portfolios according to modern portfolio theory (Sharp, Trainer and Alpha Jensen) were calculated based on monthly stock prices during the 5-year period from 1393 to 1397 and com-pared with the criteria for evaluating portfolio performance according to Marko-witz model. The results showed that the selection of stock portfolio using the mentioned financial criteria and using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model leads to the acquisition of adjusted returns with more risk than the Marko-witz optimization model and the TOPSIS model (TOP).