درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Insurance companies are among the service organizations, which maintain close relationships with their clients by providing insurance services. Clients are the most important resource for service companies. And profitability of insurance companies undoubtedly hinges on clear analysis of client satisfaction and improved productivity of service providers. An important factor of client satisfaction with insurance services in insurance companies is short policy issuance lead time. Insurance companies have rarely paid enough attention to this problem; therefore, this paper aims to provide a strategy for improving policy issuance lead time by simulating the existing system and observing simulation results. After a software model was developed, the discrete-event simulation (DES) results were analyzed. Then model validation tests were conducted. After a valid simulated model was developed, it was decided to design system improvement scenarios. According to the results, policy issuance lead time decreased by changing each of these parameters: the number of operators issuing insurance policies, client referral time to a specialist, specialized test response time, and insurance representative referral time to a policy issuance center. As a result, the service process improved, and productivity increased. This indicates the effectiveness of the DES technique and expansion of operations research methods in the service industry.

There are many opportunities and threats in the decision-making environment for managers, and an organization must use research and information systems to change, monitor, and anticipate this environment. Futurism reflects how tomorrow reality gives birth to tomorrow's reality is. The purpose of this research; Analyzing the role of futures studies in the existing patterns of critical factors of multi-criteria decision-making techniques in operations research using the philosophical assumptions of the classical and critical paradigms and finally determining the appropriate strategy based on these components, to increase success and life expectancy. The present study intends to formulate exploratory scenarios of this knowledge by using the critical uncertainty approach. To develop credible scenarios of knowledge of decision techniques, the opinions of 15 experts in this field were collected using the fuzzy Delphi approach and through the critical uncertainty questionnaire. After extracting the most important uncertainties, plausible scenarios of decision-making techniques were determined with the help of experts. According to the results obtained from the opinion of experts from the critical uncertainty questionnaire, four research uncertainties were identified, identified and the scenario design criteria were used. Each of the four cases, which includes low attention to social issues versus high attention to social issues, low attention to ethical models versus high attention to ethical models, low attention to soft approaches versus high attention to soft approaches, Low attention to complex issues versus high attention to complex issues indicates a specific dual situation in the future. Each of these dual situations indicates uncertainty about the future of multi-criteria decision making. Based on these uncertainties, three scenarios were identified. These scenarios include Achilles heel, phoenix, and heel. Also, semi-structured interviews with the theme analysis approach were used, and the philosophy of past and future approaches in this field was reviewed and critiqued.

Given the existing economic situation, the role of management accounting in Iranian economic enterprises has been quite evident in the last two decades. Considering the economic crises, it is necessary to examine the indicators of adoption of management accounting innovations in times of economic crisis. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the indicators of adoption of management accounting innovations in times of economic crisis and to present a model for its structural equations. The research was conducted in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, data analysis was performed by Delphi method and using interviews with 10 experts, including managers and deputies of the management accounting department of accepted companies and university professors. The analysis was conducted three parts: open coding, axial coding and selective coding and finally Delphi method. Based on the results obtained in the qualitative section, 103 sub-components and 6 main components were identified. The main components are: 1) economic crises; 2) economic indicators; 3) organizational culture; 4) information and communication technology; 5) Management indicators and 6) Crisis control indicators. In the quantitative section, using the indicators identified in the qualitative section, a questionnaire was designed and provided to a statistical sample including 180 people, managers and deputies of the management accounting department. Finally, the questionnaires were analyzed by PLS structural equation modelling. The results showed that economic indicators ,organizational culture, information and communication technology , and crisis control indicators as indicators of adoption of management accounting innovations in times of crisis.

Selecting suitable suppliers and assigning orders to them, is one of the most important strategic supply chain management activities. Therefore, first, in this research, a mathematical model for choosing the supplier in the supply chain in the framework of the operational research methods was proposed. Linear programming model with consideration of purchase costs and transportation costs with the meta-heuristic bee algorithm approach using MATLAB software was solved and analyzed. Therefore, the research method is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method is a descriptive mathematical type that was implemented in the form of a library and field studies. Information gathering tools, such as documentation tools, interviews with experts and production managers were used in relation to production. According to the nature of the research, which is modeling and solving by the algorithm, to determine the sample size were selected by cluster sampling method and random sampling method. Then to validate the mathematical model, lingo and Winqsb software was used, the solution obtained by both software, which is the optimal answer and optimal objective function, indicates the validity of the mathematical model.