درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Co-Saliency object detection is the process of identifying common and repetitive objects from the group of images. Earlier studies have looked over several state-of-art deep neural network methodologies for co-saliency detection approach. The Deep CNN approaches rely heavily on co-saliency detection due to their potent feature extraction capabilities both deep and wide. This article assess the performance of several state-of-art deep learning model (VGG19, Inceptionv3, modifiedResNet, MobileNetV2 and PoolNet) for the purpose of co-saliency detection among images from benchmark datasets. All the models were trained on   70% part of the dataset and remaining were used for testing purpose. Experimental results show that modified ResNetmodel outperforms getting 96.53% accuracy as compared to other state-of-the-art deep neural network models.

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have become a vital factor for national competitiveness and firms and companies, and the world is increasingly moving towards a knowledge-based economy. Innovation and technological changes are strongly influenced by the country/place where they occur. The main purpose of this study is to present the framework of SME innovation strategy with the approach of the fourth generation industry in Iran, which has been done using the GT method i.e a blend of qualitative and quantitative methods. The research population includes small and medium businesses and industrial townships in Tehran. The method of data collection in the qualitative part is the interview and in the quantitative part a questionnaire. The findings show that the innovation strategy framework in SME in the fourth industrial revolution is one of the causal factors with 5 components including small and medium businesses, organization maturity model, digitization, rules and regulations and innovation strategy. The results consist of 8 sub-components, which can be enumerated as market development, increasing exports, increasing productivity, creating added value, improving financial credits, training work managers, entrepreneurship and finally creating employment. The results show that the program factors have an effect on the facilitating factors; the causal factors on the innovation framework; the informational factors on the obstacles; supervisory and control factors on facilitating factors; barriers on the innovation framework; ; Financial resources have an effect on obstacles, consequences on innovation framework and structural factors on obstacles in small and medium enterprises. In our country, despite the fact that more than 59% of all production units are included in the EMS small and medium industries group,  these companies have not gained a significant share in the national gross product and creating added value and are suffering from severe shortages. While small and medium-sized companies can move away from the traditional focus on the product and take steps in the development of product innovation by using the fourth generation industry and new technology, creating a strategy and coming up with new products and services  will create more added value; The formulation of the strategy for any organization calls for an innovative point of view .

Neuromarketing and its tools are an emerging and evolving field that bridges the gap between consumer behavior studies and neuroscience. These new technologies are used in the field of neuromarketing and neuroscience to observe the brain areas involved, for example, in seeing, hearing, or smelling the product. For example, functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and event-related potentials (ERP) are used to identify the active points in the consumer's brain when they see, smell, or hear the product or service being tested. How these different techniques and tools work in neuromarketing has always been somewhat confusing to marketers. This study aims to examine the research articles published on the ScienceDirect website by identifying the current state of neuromarketing tools and electroencephalography (EEG) in neuromarketing to identify research gaps and provide recommendations for the application of this technique for experimental research for marketers. Using a two-stage bibliographic methodology, we show that although "neuromarketing" is the focus of research on the ScienceDirect website, there are not many empirical studies examining electroencephalography (EEG) and the combined use of this technology in consumer behavior. However, the use of this tool to screen messages and promotional materials has received the most attention. This study highlights the limitations of a systematic investigation of EEG issues in neuromarketing by examining FMRI, EEG, and ERP technologies. It also focuses on consumer behavior, particularly online shopping decision making, website design, and consumers' physiological responses to the brand. In addition, future studies are expected to be completed by combining EEG and neuromarketing technologies.

Tour guides are considered as one of the key players within the tourism supply chain, serving as direct interfaces with visitors and acting as cultural mediators between diverse cultures. They exert a significant influence on tourists' intentions for repeat visits. Nowadays, tourists are not merely seeking basic information from guides, as they can easily access such information online. Instead, they are in search of creative, authentic, interactive experiences with participatory learning, demanding the presence of creativity in tour guides. Consequently, guides need to demonstrate new forms of creativity in their performance. Creativity is a pivotal aspect for achieving professional success in the realm of tour guiding. The depth of their professional knowledge and their creative abilities significantly impact the quality of tours and the portrayal of destinations. As cultural intelligence is one of the critical dimensions of creativity, this research aims to explore the relationship between cultural intelligence and the creativity of tour guides. Using a library review method, it examines the role of cultural intelligence, its dimensions, and indicators. Ultimately, it presents a conceptual framework for fostering the creativity of tour guides, grounded in the principles of cultural intelligence.