درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This research is based on the role of Orientalists in undermining the holy scriptures, specifically the Quran. Many of them have been prejudiced against the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and have greatly exaggerated their hostility towards the Prophet and the Quran. According to their claims, the Quran owes its existence to previous heavenly teachings and religions that preceded it. They argue that Muhammad (peace be upon him) relied on these sources to compose his book. McDonald said: "The Quran is not from God," followed by, Charles Wells (1838), who suggested, "Muhammad created the Quran." Le Bon did not stray far from the previous Orientalists, stating, "The Quran is from Muhammad and authored by him." They further claimed that the divine revelation has multiple sources, including the Torah, the Gospel, the Hanif religion, and pre-Islamic poetry or Muhammad's intellectual and literary genius, which they say contributed to the formulation of the Quran. This research will expand on the discussion of the sources of revelation, focusing on the influence of pre-Islamic poetry and the Jewish and Christian religions. Despite over fourteen hundred years since the Prophet's mission, discussions on this topic continue, and Islam remains subject to distortion. One of the important results of this research is that the Quran is divine; there are many pieces of evidence and testimonies to this effect. It is the final heavenly message, and naturally, it is closely connected with previous scriptures. The claims of Orientalists were born out of deep-seated animosity towards the Prophet and Islam. We used descriptive, historical, and analytical methods to evaluate these sources from the perspective of Orientalists. We then attempt, by referring to the verses of the Quran - this divine and superhuman miracle - and other authentic sources, to critique some of the biased and unrealistic views of the Orientalists and to respond to the misconceptions they presented regarding the sources of divine revelation, whether they claimed it to be from pre-Islamic literature, Judaism, or Christianity.

"One of the most crucial philosophical rules and a cornerstone of rational principles is the " Nothing but the One emanates from One." This article, employing a library research method for data collection and an analytical and descriptive approach for data analysis, aims to accurately explain this rule. It also seeks to address the arguments of those who oppose the rule, as they haven't correctly grasped its underlying premises. By carefully considering these premises, we find that the "unity" referred to in the rule is not numerical unity, but rather true, real, and original unity. Furthermore, the "One" signifies a simple entity from all aspects and dimensions. "Emanation " implies direct emanation and illuminative emanation, and "homogeneity " refers to shadowy homogeneity . With these introductions, the meaning of the rule becomes clear: From the One that is simple in all respects (basīṭ min jamī' al-jihāt), by virtue of the principle of shadowy homogeneity (Senkhīyyat ẓillīyyah), and without an intermediary and with an illuminative relation (iḍāfah ishrāqiyyah), nothing but the One emanates.. Indeed, according to the elucidations of Mystics and Transcendent Philosophers (Muta'allihīn), the single effect  that emanates from the utterly simple One (God) is precisely what they call Expanded Existence or Expanded Grace.