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Objective: This study examined the effects of the dimensions of psychological capital on family cohesion and adaptability. Methods:  A quantitative research approach was applied. The statistical population was a couple of students at Universities in Tehran, and a sample of 384 students was selected for the study by using a random sampling method. A questionnaire was conducted for data collection, that after confirming the reliability (according to viewpoints of some faculty members in the field) and validity of the scales (Cronbach's alpha coefficient); it gave to the sample group. In the next step, descriptive and inferential statistics were done using SPSS software. Results: The findings showed that among the dimensions of psychological capital, the mean score of self-efficacy was higher than the other dimensions.  Differences and similarities were found in students' psychological capital by gender. The results of the correlation coefficients showed that there were significant correlations between the dimensions of psychological capital with family cohesion and adaptability of the respondents. Regression analyses indicated that self-efficacy had the most effect on family cohesion, and resilience had the most effect on family adaptability of couple students. Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that psychological capital affects family cohesion and adaptability. The findings have implications for premarital counseling and couple therapy.

زمینه: دوران سالمندی یکی از دوره های مهم و حساس هر شخص می باشد، سبک زندگی و نشاط معنوی به عنوان مولفه هایی تاثیرگذار بر اختلال آلزایمر در این دوره سنی می تواند نقش آفرینی کند. مقایسه سبک زندگی و نشاط معنوی در مبتلایان به اختلال آلزایمر با افراد بدون اختلال آلزایمر از نوآوری های پژوهش حاضر بود. هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه سبک زندگی و نشاط معنوی در سالمندان بالای 80 سال با و بدون اختلال آلزایمر بود. روش: پژوهش حاضر از نظرروش علی _ مقایسه ای و به لحاظ شیوه ی گردآوری داده ها پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه سالمندان (با اختلال آلزایمر و بدون اختلال آلزایمر) شهرستان قلعه گنج بود. که از بین آنها نمونه ای شامل 80 نفر سالمند در نظر گرفته شد. ابزارهای اندازه گیری پژوهش نیز پرسشنامه سنجش و اندازه گیری سبک زندگی اسحاقی و همکاران (1388)، پرسشنامه نشاط معنوی افروز (1395) که بین افراد توزیع گردید. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس تک متغیره با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 26 استفاده شد. یافته ها: بین گروه با اختلال آلزایمر و افراد بدون اختلال آلزایمر در متغیرهای وابسته ترکیبی سبک زندگی از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی داری بود (54/61 F=؛ 013/0 P=؛ 99/0=لامبدای ویلکز؛ و 02/0 =مجذور اتای تفکیکی). بین گروه با اختلال آلزایمر و افراد بدون اختلال آلزایمر در متغیرهای وابسته ترکیبی در متغیر نشاط معنوی از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی داری بود (72/41 F=؛ 019/0 P=؛ 99/0 =لامبدای ویلکز؛ و 03/0 =مجذور اتای تفکیکی). نتیجه گیری: مطابق یافته های پژوهش، سبک زندگی و مولفه های آن و نشاط معنوی تاثیر مثبتی بر پیشگیری از اختلال آلزایمر در سالمندان دارد و می-تواند باعث کاهش آلزایمر در سالمندی گردد. گسترش مهارت آموزی و اصلاح سبک زندگی و ارتقای نشاط معنوی بخصوص در سالهای جوانی و کودکی و ارتقای روزبه روز آنها در کشور می تواند برنامه مقابله ای خوبی جهت پیشگری از آلزایمر در جمعیت

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based acceptance training package on the attitude of mothers of children with ASD. Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of mothers of children with ASD attending the Special Children’s Clinic at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran. Using convenient sampling, 30 mothers were selected. These mothers were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group, with 15 participants in each group. The experimental group received the 12-session, 120-minute mindfulness-based acceptance training package, while no intervention was applied to the control group. Both groups completed the Parent Attitude Toward Special Needs Children Scale (Gonder, 2002) before and after the intervention. Data analysis was conducted using the covariance matrix analysis method in SPSS version 27. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group, which received the mindfulness-based acceptance training package, and the control group in terms of overall attitude (p < 0.001). The effect of the intervention was also stable at the follow-up stage (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that a mindfulness-based acceptance training package can foster a positive attitude in mothers of children with ASD. Therefore, this training package can be utilized to promote a positive attitude among mothers of children with ASD.

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on psychological acceptance and symptom reduction in individuals experiencing emotional breakdown. Methods:  The population of this study included all individuals aged between 18 and 38 residing in Tehran during the years 2022-2023 who had experienced emotional breakdown in their relationship between six months to 24 months prior. A single-subject experimental design of a single baseline type was employed. Five participants were selected through convenience sampling from eligible individuals responding to advertisements. Participants were assessed at three baseline stages,  during the third, fifth, and eighth therapy sessions, and at a one-month follow-up using the Ras Emotional Breakup Scale and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – Second Version (AAQ-II). Data was analyzed using graphical analysis, percentage of improvement, and effect size. Results: The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has a significant effect on individuals with emotional breakdown (PND=100% for three participants and PND=66% for two participants). However, the therapy was not significantly effective on the acceptance variable. Conclusion: The results indicate that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is a promising and effective method for helping individuals suffering from emotional breakdown. This therapy is recommended for reducing the adverse effects of emotional breakdown.