درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study aims to identify the components of professional ethics in the field of curriculum planning. Factors affecting professional ethics in the curriculum planners are investigated from the viewpoints of professors in the field of educational sciences so that the results can be used as the executive suggestions for the decision-makers in this regard. This study is an applied research in terms of aim, quantitative in terms of the data type, and a descriptive survey research in terms of the method. The statistical population of the study included all male and female faculty members in the field of educational sciences at Azad Universities of Tehran (including the Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Northern Tehran, Southern Tehran, and Islam Shahr Branches) (n=150). The sampling method included the randomized cluster sampling method in which 108 individuals were selected using the Morgan Table. The data collection method included a library and field design using a researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was applied to measure the reliability of the questionnaire; several experts were consulted to determine the validity of the questionnaire and face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. The data were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that the share of the first five factors (i.e., commitment and accountability, affiliation and human relations, evolution and human traits, expertise and knowledge-based orientation, and interest in modification and development) is more significant in the variance of all variables compared to the share of other components. The contribution of these five identified factors was determined using the Friedman test as 3.16 (evolution and human traits), 3 (interest in modification and development), 2.97 (expertise and knowledge-based orientation), 2.94 (affiliation and human relations), and 2.78 (commitment and accountability), respectively.

The present study aimed to probe the impact of visual scaffolding using input and output-oriented tasks with different levels of involvement load on Iranian EFL learners' comprehension and production of lexical collocations. For this purpose, 180 male and female intermediate EFL learners were selected and assigned to six experimental groups. Three input-oriented tasks of True-false (load = 1), Matching (load = 2), Multiple-choice (load = 3), and three output-oriented tasks of Short-response (load = 1), Fill-in-the-blanks (load = 2), Sentence formation (load = 3) were developed. All the experimental groups were scaffolded through visual cues. At the end of treatment period, two posttests- a 40-item multiple-choice test and 40-item Fill-in-the-blanks test- were administered to assess the participants' comprehension and production of lexical collocations. To analyze the data, two separate one-way MANOVA procedures were used. The results revealed that visual cues were effective on learners’ collocational achievement. The results also indicated that the output-oriented tasks had a significant positive effect on the comprehension and production of lexical collocations. In addition, tasks with higher involvement load indices were more effective on the comprehension and production of lexical collocations. These finding can have significant pedagogical as well as theoretical implications.

در این پژوهش از روش توصیفی- پیمایشی استفاده شد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کلیه معلمان دوره  ابتدایی نواحی 4، 5 و 6 شهر مشهد تشکیل دادند. حجم نمونه شامل 335 نفر از معلمان دوره  ابتدایی در نواحی چهار، پنج و شش  بودند که با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای از سه ناحیه برخوردار، نیمه برخوردار و نا برخوردار  انتخاب شدند.  نخست، به بررسی وضعیت الگوی رهبری توزیعی در مدارس موردمطالعه با استفاده از  پرسشنامه Spillane (2000) پرداخته شد. در مرحله بعد، نظر به نتایج به دست آمده از پیمایش، مهم ترین زمینه های استقرار رهبری توزیعی از طریق مصاحبه فردی و کانونی با مطلعان کلیدی شناسایی و استخراج شدند. به طورکلی نتایج به دست آمده حاکی از تفاوت معنی دار بین وضعیت موجود و وضعیت مطلوب رهبری توزیعی به ویژه در مؤلفه تصمیم گیری مشارکتی در مدارس ابتدایی مشهد می باشد. علاوه براین، نتایج نشان داد که  استقرار رهبری توزیعی در مدارس ابتدایی تابع بروز و ظهور ویژگی هایی مانند چشم انداز، سازمان دهی، فرهنگ خوش بینی، ساختار توانمندساز و دانش آموز محوری می باشد.

Sustainable development does not work without education and both without the institutionalization of research. The first condition is to pay attention to research in all parts of the school, which is achieved in the form of a researcher school. The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the researcher school model using a combined method of multi-stage exploratory type. In the qualitative part of the study, the phenomenological strategy was performed and the quantitative part of the study was performed through factor analysis. Methods of obtaining data: included semi-structured individual interviews with educational scientists and qualitative analysis of texts. In order to assess the accuracy of the interview questions, the question form was reviewed by 10 experts and professors in the field of educational sciences. The continuity of the interview form has been examined by providing a summary of the identified topics and topics to three experts through qualitative study methods and applying their opinions. 30 professors of Farhangian University and PhD students of educational sciences, experts of relevant departments of the Ministry of Education, successful principals and teachers in the country were selected by purposive sampling method. In this study, the components of values, learning education activities, professional competencies, educational-executive structure, out-of-school interactions and equipment are of equal importance for scientific experts and professors.