سید رسول حسینی

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش نگرش کارآفرینانه در عملکرد شغلی مدارس شهرستان دماوند انجام شد. روش تحقیق کاربردی و توصیفی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کلیه مدیران و معاونان مدارس (دولتی) شهرستان دماوند در سال تحصیلی 97-97 تشکیل می دهند که معادل 218 نفر می باشد. حجم نمونه آماری با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حدود 139 نفر به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری داده ها از پرسشنامه ابزار استفاده شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل و تحلیل قرار گرفت. برای ارزیابی روایی پرسشنامه تحقیق از روایی سازه و برای تحلیل پایایی آن از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد که بین نگرش کارآفرینانه و عملکرد شغلی مدیران مدارس رابطه معناداری وجود دارد و بین چهار بعد از نگرش و عملکرد شغلی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین وضعیت فعلی نگرش کارآفرینانه و عملکردی مدیران شهرستان دماوند مطلوب است. نتایج به دست آمده از هدف اولیه پژوهش نشان داد که بین نگرش کارآفرینانه و عملکرد حرفه ای مدیران شهرستان دماوند رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. این بدان معناست که هر چه نگرش کارآفرینانه مدیران مدارس بالاتر باشد، عملکرد حرفه ای آنها نیز بالاتر خواهد بود. همچنین تحلیل رگرسیون پژوهش نشان داد که از بین چهار بعد از نگرش کارآفرینانه، بعد از نفس قوی ترین بود. و بعد از موفقیت مداری ضعیف ترین پیش بینی کننده عملکرد شغلی در بین مدیران و معاونان مدارس (دولتی) شهرستان دماوند بود. در نهایت می توان گفت که با طراحی دوره های آموزشی مناسب در زمینه مسائل کارآفرینی و نگرش کارآفرینانه می توان عملکرد حرفه ای به ویژه موفقیت مدیران را ارتقا داد.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to identify and explain dimensions, components and indices of human resource development in Sama organization. Methodology: The study method was applied in terms of purpose, mixed (quantitative-qualitative) exploratory in terms of data type, and descriptive-correlational survey in terms of data collection time. The statistical population in the qualitative part included the academic experts and officials from the Sama organization (chairmen and assistants, human resources department, human resources experts, assistants in the units, human resource officials in the units), among them, 15 people was selected as the sample size using judgmental sampling method based on the theoretical saturation principle. The statistical population in the quantitative part included all staff of Sama organization, whose number was 2898 (2223 permanent employees and 675 temporary employees). Out of this number, 391 persons were selected as the sample size using multistage random cluster sampling method. Findings: In this research, the data obtained from the qualitative part were analyzed through content analysis, and the collected data in the quantitative part, according to the research questions, were analyzed through descriptive (mean, standard deviation, tables, etc.) and inferential statistics (structural equation modeling, exploratory factor analysis and one-sample T test) using Spss and Lisrel software. Conclusion: The results showed that empowerment, job performance and improvement are the elements of human resource development in Sama organization. Also, given to the proposed mechanisms, facilitators and barriers, a model with appropriate fit was designed

Perpose: The aim of this study was to design a model of professional competence of principals based on the development of creativity and innovation in primary schools. Methodology: The method of the present study was a combination of exploratory type in which the qualitative method was performed using the underlying theory and the quantitative method was performed using the structural equation model. The statistical population of the study was in the quantitative part of all primary school principals in Tehran in the academic year 2019-20 and in the qualitative part of all experts in the field of education in Tehran. Sampling in the quantitative part using stratified stratified sampling method 196 managers of 22 districts of Tehran were selected and in the qualitative part 17 people were selected using purposive sampling with emphasis on the principle of theoretical saturation. The research tools in the qualitative part were in-depth semi-structured interviews with 5 questions and in the quantitative part of the researcher-made questionnaire to assess the components of manager’s professional competence. Since the content of the questionnaire shows the components that have the highest coefficient of importance, according to the approval of the questions by experts, the validity of the content of the questionnaire has been confirmed. The total alpha coefficient of the design questionnaire identifying the pattern of professional competence of principals based on the development of creativity and innovation in primary schools is 0.937 or 94% that the tool used has a good reliability. Data were collected in the qualitative section by grounded theory method and then analyzed by testing structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software. Findings: The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the components of motivation, management, technology, attitude-behavioral, cognitive-skill components and indicators of professional competence of principals are based on the development of creativity and innovation in primary schools. Also, the model fit indices that were performed using the structural equation model showed that the research data had a suitable fit with the model of professional competence of principals based on the development of creativity and innovation in primary schools. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, attracting and employing competent managers, especially in the critical elementary school, requires the creation of a human resources system in which meritocracy prevails.

Purpose: Entrepreneurship development is one of the important concepts of recent decades that higher education has an important role in promoting it. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the status of entrepreneurship development levels in the Iranian university system. Methodology: This study was a descriptive from type of survey. The research population was managers of calligraphy organizations and professors of entrepreneurship disciplines of country in 2020 year. The research sample was 72 people who were selected by cluster sampling method and answered the researcher-made questionnaire of entrepreneurship development in the university system (82 questions). The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 20 experts and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha method was obtained 0.91. Data were analyzed by binomial test in SPSS software. Findings: Findings showed that the entrepreneurship development in the Iranian university system at the institutional level (and its components including cultural factors and social factors) and policy level (and its components including actors in the field of entrepreneurship areas, entrepreneurial elements, policy-making stages and policy-making institutions) was above the average and at the individual level (and its components including individual factors and psychological factors) was below the average (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, officials and planners of entrepreneurship development in the Iranian university system should take steps to improve the curriculum and holding entrepreneurship training courses in order to improving the individual level of entrepreneurship development and the personal and psychological characteristics of entrepreneurs