Creativity

This study investigated the creativity-supportive behaviors of Iranian EFL teachers. A mixed-methods data collection approach was adopted: quantitative data were obtained from randomly selected 94 teachers and 216 students through the Persian version of the Creativity Fostering Teaching (CFT) index (Soh, 2000), and qualitative data were collected via students' reports on twelve classroom aspects. To analyze the quantitative data, an independent samples t-test and for the qualitative data, thematic analysis coding were used. There was a significant difference between the teachers' and the students' views on creativity-supportive behaviors of Iranian EFL teachers. Additionally, environment and interaction were extracted as two main themes from the analysis of the qualitative data. These two themes were discussed as the central factors influencing the creativity-supportive behaviors of the teachers. Although most Iranian EFL teachers want and try to adopt strategies and activities to develop or support creativity in their classrooms, the results showed that Iranian EFL students do not experience the classrooms as a locus of supporting creativity. Generally, creativity is not implemented and supported in Iranian EFL classrooms. The findings illustrate that teacher-training programs should equip Iranian EFL teachers with the knowledge and strategies of creativity- fostering instruction.

Purpose : As regards the effect of creativity and models for the growth of it, this study endeavors to develop a pattern model for the purpose of growing creativity in the structure of the elementary school curriculum based on the fundamental reform document of education (FRDE) Methodology : As for the purpose of this study, it was conducive. Furthermore, in view of the procedure of methods, it could be considered as qualitative. 10 individuals of statistical society were chosen by targeted and snowball sampling methods in 2019. We utilized methods of reviewing the fundamental reform document of education and Semi-structured interviews. Validity and Validity of these methods were desperately examined by triangulation methods of data collection which were suitable for assessment and the coefficient of the agreement was estimated to be 0.76. Ultimately coding method was used in order to analyze the gained data of reviewed documents and interviews. Findings : Results demonstrated that 25 codes belonged to the growth model of creativity in the structure of the primary school curriculum based on the fundamental reform document of education while 15 codes are known to be relevant to this model based on interviews that have gotten done with some experts of the elementary school curriculum. Consequently, the model for the growth of creativity in the structure of the elementary school curriculum was designed based on these codes. Conclusions : Results of the present study contain some practical functions. Moreover, identified codes and designed models were used in order to improve the model of growth in creativity.

This research examined the relationship between video games and cognitive skills including critical thinking and creative thinking. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study. The population of the present research consisted of high school students of Ardebil in the academic year 2013-2014. A sample consisting of 105 students, (54 female and 51 male), was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. They filled out two questionnaires, namely the California Critical Thinking Skill Test (CCTST) and Critical Thinking Test (CT). The data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as the Scheffe test. To conduct the analysis, the participants were divided into four groups based on the number of hours spent playing video games every day, namely no gaming, less than 1 hour, between 1-2 hours, and more than 2 hours of gaming; they were also divided into four groups based on the number of years they had been playing video games, namely no gaming, less than a year, 1-2 years, and more than 2 years. The results of the one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in creativity between the four groups based on the hours spent playing and the number of years the subjects had been playing video games (P<0.05). The differences between the four groups in terms of critical thinking were also significant (P<0.05). The findings indicated that the individuals spending up to two hours playing video games on a daily basis had higher levels of creativity and critical thinking compared to non-gamers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between online game addiction and self-efficacy, creativity and social skills. The statistical population included all female high school students in Rudsar who were studying in 2020-2021. From this community, 150 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection tools included the Online Game Addiction Questionnaire, Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the Creativity Questionnaire, and the Social Skills Questionnaire. In this study, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression and SPSS-22 software were used for data analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the components of online game addiction (academic and occupational performance problems and social and mood problems) were able to achieve 48.8% of the variance of self-efficacy, 43.3% of the variance of creativity and 27.4% of the variance of skills Predict students' social (p˂0.05). Therefore, the results of this study show the importance of paying attention to online game addiction in students and its prevention can be associated with positive psychological variables.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between analytical literacy and computer literacy with creativity and with the role of moderating gender in high school students in secondary period in Guilan province. Methodology: The method of descriptive research of correlational type and the statistical society included the high school students in secondary period of Guilan province in the first semester of the academic year 2020-2021. The statistical sample consisted of 384 people (191 females and 193 males) who were randomly selected by paper and electronic methods. The tools for measuring variables included Abedi creativity test, researcher-made questionnaire of computer literacy and analytical literacy. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis, multivariate regression and Z test. Findings: The results showed that the effect of computer literacy and analytical literacy on students' creativity is positive and significant. The effect of computer literacy by gender on creativity was also significant. Conclusion: The effect of computer literacy on analytical literacy has been positive and significant, too. The results can be used to predict creativity in male and female students.

Purpose: STEAM is the term given to a growing field of research and practice that integrates arts and social sciences into traditional sciences, technology, engineering, and mathematics subjects. The purpose of this study is to develop a STEAM-based educational learning package of social sciences textbooks and investigate its effect on the attitude, problem-solving ability, and creativity of sixth-grade primary school students of Bushehr in Iran. The design thinking model was used to design the training package. Methodology: The present study was quantitative applied research. The research design is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with the experimental and control group (unequal control group). The statistical population of this study included all students studying in the sixth grades of public primary schools in Busher in the academic year 2020-2021. Due to the nature of the research which is quasi-experimental and also with respect to the subject drop, 44 participants were considered as the statistical sample (22 students in each group) and they were selected by "accessible" purposeful sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The STEAM training package was designed in 13 sessions and each training session took a 35-minute duration in the form of 14 projects, and its implementation lasted for 2 months. In order to design each social science lesson project, a focus group meeting was held with the members. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Hepner and Kruskal's problem-solving skills test, Shaffer's creative attitude survey, and Aiken's scientific attitude test. The face validity of the educational package was confirmed using experts' opinions. In order to check the hypotheses of this research, covariance analysis was used. Findings: The presuppositions of the statistical test of covariance analysis, including the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test for the normality of the research variables and Levin's test for the homogeneity of the variances of the educational variables were confirmed. After that, the effects of the implementation of the steam-based educational package were investigated, and the results of the covariance analysis showed that the implementation of the educational package had an effect of (0.94) on creativity and problem-solving (0.90), and attitude (0.97) on students. The results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that the creativity, attitude, and problem-solving skills variables of students have a normal distribution (p> 0.05). The results of the Levin test indicate that these assumptions are confirmed (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the STEAM-based training package increases problem-solving ability, creativity, and a positive attitude towards the course of social sciences.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate a relationship between creativity and emotional intelligence elements in sport organizations. The study population includes 250 Iranian participants who were serving in different sport organizations including 125 males (Mage = 52.8 years, SD = 6.2years) and 125 females (Mage =45.3 years, SD = 4.6 years). Three instruments have been used in this survey: (i) General information questionnaire (ii) Emotional Intelligence questionnaire (iii) Creativity questionnaires (RAUDSEPP). The findings achieved through emotional intelligence and creativity questionnaires demonstrated that men and women were different in some aspects of relationship between creativity and emotional intelligence elements. Positive relationship between creativity and all elements of emotional intelligence except between creativity and controlling emotion element have been found. Other findings discussed various aspects of emotional intelligence and creativity in both genders. We can conclude that cognitive and behavioral systems of men and women are functionally distinct; so, existence of conflict in relationship between EI and creativity in men and women participants in this study may be due to gender differences.

This paper deals with Wallace Stevens’s first collection of poetry, Harmonium, in light of Heidegger’s philosophy, with a particular emphasis on Da-sein as the place of negativity. The focus is particularly on Heidegger’s later philosophy, where he defines Man as the juncture where the four constitutive elements (earth, sky, divinities, and mortals) converge to let Da-sein appear as the futural authentic animal whose Being matters to him as his distinctive mark. Stevens’s poetry in Harmonium displays an experimental development along the same lines. The collection consists of poems dealing with the effect that the prospects of death and finitude have on its protagonists. Stevens achieves authentic protagonists who accept the nihilating power of death in order to save themselves from any form of social, poetic, and philosophical closure. This is significant because Stevens conceives a creative potential that not only runs counter to the romantic nostalgia for a return to an innocent past, but also openly embraces the idea of finitude as the only way out of any logocentric and metaphysical forms of thinking. This study, therefore, aims to show how in Harmonium Stevens poetizes an endless creative power that sets upon reproducing the non-closure associated with nihilation and nothingness.

The aim of the research was the effect of educational digital games on creativity, motivation and academic progress in the mathematics lesson of the first elementary school students. The research method is a semi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test with control group, And the statistical population included all the students of the first grade of elementary school in Islam-Shahr city. The sample size consisted of 72 people (36 people in the experimental group and 36 people in the control group) who were selected by the available method. The measurement tools included the Torrance Form A creativity test, the mathematical motivation questionnaire, and tests to measure knowledge, attitude and mathematical skills. The reliability of each tool was obtained as 0.80, 0.709, 0.82, 0.94 and 0.85 respectively. The experimental variable was implemented in three steps "group game", "exploration" and "individual game" in 12 sessions for the experimental group.Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Kolmogorov-Smironov, Levin and Box test and multivariate covariance analysis were used for data analysis. The results showed; Education using digital educational games has been effective on creativity (fluidity component), mathematical motivation (desire, avoidance) and academic progress (knowledge, attitude and skill) of students. And there was a significant relationship between these variables; However, no significant difference was observed between the two experimental and control groups in the components of expansion, flexibility and innovation related to the variable of creativity.

The current study aims to investigate the impact of the flipped classroom on creativity, accountability, and math anxiety among female elementary students. This quasi-experimental research employed a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population for this study encompassed all female elementary students in Isfahan, Iran, during the first semester of the academic year 2021-2022. The convenience sampling method was utilized to select 30 students who were then divided into experimental and control groups (n = 15 per group). The experimental group received 16 online sessions using the flipped classroom approach, while the control group continued with regular educational practices at the same time. The research instruments consisted of the Home–School Accountability Questionnaire, Standard Creativity Scale, and Math Anxiety Scale. Analysis of covariance was employed for inferential analysis. The results revealed that the flipped classroom approach yielded positive effects on creativity (F = 6.15, p < 0.05, η² = 0.18), accountability (F = 6.75, p < 0.05, η² = 0.20), and math anxiety (F = 4.74, p < 0.05, η² = 0.15).

Tour guides are considered as one of the key players within the tourism supply chain, serving as direct interfaces with visitors and acting as cultural mediators between diverse cultures. They exert a significant influence on tourists' intentions for repeat visits. Nowadays, tourists are not merely seeking basic information from guides, as they can easily access such information online. Instead, they are in search of creative, authentic, interactive experiences with participatory learning, demanding the presence of creativity in tour guides. Consequently, guides need to demonstrate new forms of creativity in their performance. Creativity is a pivotal aspect for achieving professional success in the realm of tour guiding. The depth of their professional knowledge and their creative abilities significantly impact the quality of tours and the portrayal of destinations. As cultural intelligence is one of the critical dimensions of creativity, this research aims to explore the relationship between cultural intelligence and the creativity of tour guides. Using a library review method, it examines the role of cultural intelligence, its dimensions, and indicators. Ultimately, it presents a conceptual framework for fostering the creativity of tour guides, grounded in the principles of cultural intelligence.

Purpose: Ambivalence includes the ability to perform exploitative activities (attention to the present time) and exploratory activities (attention to the future time) at the same time. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of drawing a scientific map of the field of ambidextrous leadership with a bibliometric approach. Methodology: This research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of execution method was descriptive. The population of this study was conducted researches in the field of ambidextrous leadership in the Scopus database from 2007 to 2023 with a systematic method. For data analysis was used from bibliometric method with the two objectives of functional analysis and citation network analysis and with PRISMA protocol in VOSVIEWR software. Findings: The results of functional analysis showed that in the field of ambidextrous leadership, Rosing et al had the most citations (583 items) with an article entitled Explaining the heterogeneity of the leadership-innovation relationship: Ambidextrous leadership. Also, the countries of China, Australia, Germany, England and America respectively had the most research in the field of ambidextrous leadership. In addition, the findings of the citation network analysis showed that there were three clusters for authors and six clusters for countries in the co-citation pattern. Also, the synonymy pattern had 1309 links, 337 keywords and 48 clusters, which most of them were with the keywords of innovation, creativity and leadership. Conclusion: The findings of this study about the ambidextrous leadership with a bibliometric approach indicate that the results of this study can help to understand the different angles of ambidextrous leadership with the aim of increasing and promoting it.

Purpose- Supporting and stimulating agricultural development has a decisive role in rural development and is considered the main basis of rural development. Therefore, the agricultural sector and rural areas in Iran are still far from the real potentials for development. Therefore, this study aimed at the consequences of creative agriculture and its role in the development of rural areas of Roshtkhar County in Razavi Khorasan province.Design/methodology/approach-This research was an applied one, conducted with descriptive-correlation and causal-relational methods. The statistical population of the research consists of all heads of rural households (21,785) in Roshtkhar County, using the Cochran formula, 377 farmers from the heads of households were selected as a sample. The main tools of the research were researcher-made questionnaire, field observations and library studies. Then, the questionnaires were distributed in 20 villages of the study area. SPSS software and structural equation modeling approach were employed to analyze the data.Findings: The results of the fitted model showed that creative agriculture had the greatest effects on economic (0.405) and social (0.370) variables. The results of investigating the status of creative agriculture in the study area showed that more than 60% of rural farmer households stated that creative agriculture has been able to play a significant role in rural development.Limitations/Strategies: The dispersion of the studied villages to fill out the questionnaire depending on the topic at the village level, the lack of awareness of some rural households towards conducting research projects in order to complete the questionnaire, and finally the costs of conducting this research are challenging of this study.Practical solutions: Finally, according to the results, solutions such as the full implementation of modern irrigation systems, changing the cultivation pattern and using up-to-date machinery and tools in the agricultural sector can improve the results and the consequences of creative agriculture and its role in rural development in the villages and the implementation strategies of this solution are considered necessary.Original/value- This study is significant as the recognition of different issues of creative agriculture at the regional level can help to take an important step in order to improve the condition of rural households in different dimensions (economic, social-cultural, institutional-managerial and physical).

Self-efficacy beliefs can be effective in teaching method and more creative managing classroom. Teacher self-efficacy and creativity are factors that can affect their organizational Silence.Because teacher silence is closely related to innovation and creativity, the quality of decision-making, effectiveness, and teacher’ morale;Thereforeidentifying the factors that cause it is very important.The aim of this study is applied research;and in terms of research method, it is a description of the type of correlation. The statistical population of this study is all primary school teachers in Joghatay city in Iran, whose numbers are equal to 360 people in the 2018-2019 educational year. 186 people were considered as the research by cluster random sampling method. The tools used in this study include the Scannan, Moran, and Wolfonk Self-Efficacy Questionnaire the Cronbach's alpha coefficientwas 0/85.The Randsip Creativity Questionnaire(2002) was also used to measure creativity the Cronbach's alpha coefficientwas 0/86.The Organizational Silence Questionnaire of Vacula and Borado (2005) also usedthe Cronbach's alpha coefficientwas0/93.Findings showed is asignificant relationship between self-efficacy with organizational silence and teachers' creativity.Self-efficacy has a positive and direct effect on organizational silence. In addition, silence also had a positive and direct effect on organizational creativity. The indirect effect of self-efficacy on creativity was also investigated.self-efficacy due to silence has an indirect and positive effect on teachers' creativity.

This study aims to design the management model and planning of career promotion path in the employees of Tehran Bank Mellat Branches. The research method is descriptive and survey that was conducted by correlational and structural equations modeling. The statistical population (n=200) of the study included all employees of twenty branches in Tehran's Bank Mellat who were selected as the sample of the study. In strument of the study was a standard questionnaire that was provided according to the review of the literature and previous studies of Edgar Shine with 25 items. Reliability of the study was estimated by Cronbach alpha that was 0.918 meaning the confirmation of the questionnaire reliability. Findings were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient) and LISREL via structural equations modeling. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between the identified factors and management and planning of career promotion path. Finally, suggestions are maded for employees' career path according to the determined variables.

The 5E Learning Cycle Model (Bybee, 1990) is an instructional design model which has roots in inquiry-based learning and constructivism and has received much support in non-EFL-related literature as a way to improve 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking and creativity, among students and to prepare them for an amazing occupational future. However, little work has been done on the model concerning English language students; hence, this study dealt with the effect of 5E-based online activities on English language students’ critical thinking and creativity. The study utilized a mixed method grounded theory method approach. A sample of 60 adult English language students studying in a pre-IELTS class at a private language academy took part in the study during a 12-session semester, in addition to an extra session at the beginning of the semester, in which they received instruction with regard to the platforms to be used, namely Easyclass and Nearpod. Student interviews and self-reflections, teacher interviews, self-reflections, and field notes were applied to extract qualitative data, and student self-assessment checklists were used to gain quantitative data. The analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data via an independent sample t-test, inductive thematic analysis, and grounded theory demonstrated that the employment of 5E-based online activities culminated in the improvement of EFL learners’ critical thinking and creativity. The findings have theoretical and practical implications not only for 21st-century language practitioners’ education and competencies but also for curriculum development.

Intangible cultural heritage, a cornerstone of sustainable tourism development, plays a pivotal role in differentiating destinations and attracting visitors. However, its effective preservation and promotion require a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence its development. This study employs a qualitative research approach, specifically an exploratory design. The target population comprises experts in the field of tourism and cultural heritage, and snowball sampling was utilized to select participants. The study data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by using the thematic analysis method and MAXQDA software. The method of retesting the interviews has been used to confirm and increase the validity of the interviews’ results. The output obtained from the analysis of the interviews includes 270 open codes and 80 axial codes in the form of 18 sub-themes, which are as following: creative tourists, infrastructure, capitalistic view of heritage, linking heritage with tourism, women's relationship with intangible heritage, destination management, organization, combination of creativity and culture, empowering and augmenting women’s capability, education, motivation, women's role, supporting women, supporting creative tourism, capacity and competitiveness of the destination, characteristics of the destination, handicrafts and festivals. These themes have been embedded in the three main categories of creativity, creative tourism and development of intangible heritage. On the basis of that, a model for the development of intangible cultural heritage was proposed. The findings of this study showed that in many destinations, the development of creative tourism and the creativity of the residential community, especially women, can be one of the branches of tourism development and as an incentive for the development of intangible cultural heritage.