مطالب

Background: Studies show that apelin vasodilator peptide plays an important role in vascular tone and cardiovascular function, but the effect of resistance training and comparison of resistance and endurance training on plasma apelin has not been well documented. Aim : The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and endurance exercise programs on levels of plasma apelin and blood pressure in obese postmenopausal women Material and Methods: The present study was 24 postmenopausal women obese (age: 55.5 ± 5.63 y, height: 154.31 ± 4.69 cm, weight: 72.65 ± 11. 44 kg, and BMI: 30.62 ± 3.63) were randomly divided into two groups of 12 people (endurance and resistance) groups (resistance training with 60 to 80% 1RM, and endurance training with 55 to 70% of heart rate Karvonen). Apelin plasma levels and blood pressure 24 h before and 48 h after the end of the program were measured. Data were analyzed using repeated measures. The significance level was P< 0.05. Results: The results showed that changes in intragroup and intergroup blood pressure decreased significantly and plasma apelin increased in both groups, but this increase was not significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Following eight- week resistance training and endurance training reduces blood pressure in postmenopausal obese women and were significantly associated with increased plasma Apelin but not as significant.

This study examines whether the firms’ leverage adjustment speed is influenced by real and accrual-based earnings manipulation over the period 2006-2019. We find evidence suggesting that the leverage adjustment speed in firms with a higher level of real and accrual-based earnings manipulation is slower than that of other firms. Specifically, we show that under-levered (over-levered) firms with a higher level of earnings manipulation tend to adjust their actual leverage toward an optimal level, faster (slower) than that of other firms. These results are robust to different metrics for real and accrual-based earnings management, an alternative set of leverage determinants, alternative sample periods, and various estimation methods.

There is a degree of ambiguity, contradiction and complexity in the management capability and knowledge achievements of the organization, which needs to be designed and presented in a conceptual framework in a simple framework in order to reduce uncertainty in the management of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic perspective on the knowledge-centered organization, continuity of survival and avoidance of organizational decline and on the other hand to create an understanding of the relationship between knowledge-based management and life and organizational decline in five organizations integrating in the banking industry . In this study, data were collected using a questionnaire from 150 managers, experts of five banks and financial and credit institutions (about to merge). In this study, two issues have been examined; First, using the method of performance importance analysis, the position of organizations in the two areas of knowledge-oriented and capital-based were examined. Two banks are in the position of innovative organization and two other banks are in the area of illusion, and one bank is on the border of excellence and illusion. Finally, with the structural modeling method based on the partial least squares approach, the interrelationship between knowledge-based leadership with innovation, excellence, illusion control and organizational decline of the defined hypotheses have been tested that these variables reinforce each other. And the effect of independent variables on dependent variables is strong.

The main purpose of life is based on perfection. God Almighty has provided the best tools for guiding human beings in the path of happiness and merit in the service of human beings. In the meantime, jurisprudence explores all the cases in which human beings need to know the divine rule and discovers the laws related to it. This research is an inferential analytical method based on evidence; the Holy Quran and narrations, and the rules of harmlessness and tasbib, lahraj. achieved this result that happiness is one of the natural needs of human beings and can be taught and has different levels and is an important factor for moving sincerely in the path of worship and creating motivation and ability to do Sharia duty and healthy communication in the family. The purpose of creation is achieved by reaching the highest level of happiness, which is possible by paying attention to spiritual values, basic needs, and having a purposeful life. Therefore, Islamic jurisprudence by presenting principles, framework, and laws tried to draw man's attention to the fact that happiness is not limited to material happiness and man should not always remain in material happiness and immaturity, rather, he must reach for the higher joys, science, discovery of unknowns, invention, etc. Hence, citing the four arguments of the book, tradition, consensus, and reason, have identified praiseworthy happiness and encouraged human society to be truly happy and confirmed the impact of happiness on the life process of individuals and the intellectual and practical manifestations and dynamism of the family and the progress of society.

This paper advances a reductive semantics for ‘ought’ and a naturalistic theory of normativity. It gives a unified analysis of predictive, instrumental, and categorical uses of ‘ought’: the predictive ‘ought’ is basic, and is interpreted in terms of probability. Instrumental ‘oughts’ are analyzed as predictive ‘oughts’ occurring under an ‘in order that’ modifier (the end-relational theory). The theory is then extended to categorical uses of ‘ought’: it is argued that they are special rhetorical uses of the instrumental ‘ought’. Plausible conversational principles explain how this end-relational ‘ought’ can perform the expressive functions of the moral ‘ought’. The notion of an ‘ought-simpliciter’ is also discussed.

The purpose of this study is to design a model to explain the indicators of brand value creation in the Iranian textile industry, to identify the dimensions, components and the indicators of brand value, measuring the dimensions, components and indicators of brand value. The research method in this study is descriptive-exploratory using ground data theory (grounded theory). The study population is the Iranian textile industry. The final research model includes the three main dimensions of customer, organization and government. The results obtained from the correlation of factors also showed that value from the customer's point of view, value from the organization's point of view and value from the government's point of view have the most role and effect in brand value development, respectively. Factors showed issues related to import and export, cost management, insurance and tax issues, administrative bureaucracy, human resources, technology, customer emotional factors and performance expectations factors are considered to be of higher rank and importance for brand value creation from the evaluators' point of view, respectively.