مطالب

Climate change and infectious diseases have emerged as two of the most significant challenges facing the world and its economic systems today. Recent studies have increasingly focused on understanding how phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate change crisis—including rising greenhouse gas emissions and uncertainties in climate policy—affect macroeconomic variables and capital markets. Many experts assert that climate change poses a serious threat to human civilization. In light of these pressing concerns, this paper examines the impact of Climate Policy Uncertainty (CPU) and Infectious Disease Risk (IDR) on the Islamic Dow Jones Index (IDJ). To achieve this, the study utilizes monthly data spanning from January 2016 to March 2021 and employs a Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) model. Additionally, Contour Plot graphs are applied to estimate the interaction effects on the IDJ. The findings reveal contrasting impacts of the CPU and IDR indices on the IDJ. Specifically, an increase in the CPU index leads to higher utilization of the Earth's resources for producing goods and services by companies included in the index, resulting in a positive effect. Conversely, a rise in the IDR index exacerbates economic recession, thereby causing a decline in the IDJ.

Purpose: Neurotransmitters, emotional intelligence, and personality traits are the key factors that affect the behavior and decisions of individual investors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of neurotransmitters, emotional intelligence, and personality traits on the behavior and decisions of individual investors simultaneously, in the Tehran stock exchange. Design/methodology/approach: In terms of purpose, the current research was practical. In terms of method, it was a descriptive survey research. In terms of time, it was a cross-sectional research. The research data were collected through a questionnaire and convenience sampling method. The sample size was 212 individual investors. Composite reliability, average variance extracted, convergent validity and divergent validity were used to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings: This study includes 19 constructs (variables). These constructs include dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine (neurotransmitters); Self-appraisal of emotions, other’s emotion appraisal, use of emotion and regulation of emotion (emotional intelligence); extraversion, neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness (personality traits); investment horizon, risk attitude, personalization of loss, confidence, and control (investors' behavior); and investors' decisions. The current study includes six main hypotheses and 78 sub-hypotheses. The research findings showed that neurotransmitters, emotional intelligence, and personality traits affect the investors' behavior and decisions. Originality/value: The findings of this study showed that the neurofinance and behavioral finance have a key role in decision making of policymakers and investors. Finally, the findings of this study would provide new horizons in neurofinance and behavioral finance.

Multicultural education is a product of the impact of the globalization on education. Further, a factor with a main role in EFL teaching and learning is teacher effectiveness which has a significant place in the World educational programs. The present study sought to explore Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions of pluralistic teacher effectiveness. In line with the objective of the present study, the basic interpretive design within a qualitative paradigm. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 40 Iranian (20 males and 20 females) EFL teachers teaching in public high schools in different Iranian provinces. They were conveniently selected from among those teachers who were members of virtual groups and channels. To collect the required data, a semi-structured interview was implemented. Data analysis was done via qualitative thematic analysis. As revealed by the results, the following perceptions were extracted concerning pluralistic teacher effectiveness: Having Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication with Learners; Recognizing Differences among Students’ Learning Strategies; Having Preliminary Knowledge of Different Subjects; Taking Advantage of Different Teaching Methods; Showing Respect and Attention to all Students; Teaching Ruminatively; Having Accountability and Responsibility; Generating a Conducive Class Atmosphere; Using Technology; Using Motivational Strategies; Using Various Evaluation Methods; and Building a Fair Classroom.

This study investigates the relationship between audit quality and earnings management, based on Loan Loss Provisions(LLPs), in 15 active banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2024. By analyzing data from these sample banks, this study evaluates the impact of various factors on Earnings Management Practices(EMP), including audit firm size, auditor tenure, and auditor specialization in the banking industry. The results indicate a significantly negative relationship between audit firm size and earnings management, suggesting that banks audited by larger firms are less likely to engage in earnings manipulation. Conversely, a positive and significant relationship was found between auditor tenure and earnings management, implying that prolongedauditor-client relationships may lead to a decline in auditor independence, thereby facilitating earnings management. Additionally, auditors with specialized knowledge in the banking sector demonstrate a greater ability to detect and mitigate opportunistic earnings management behaviors, contributing to a reduction in earnings manipulation within these banks

Dans le monde littéraire contemporaine, l'œuvre d'Anna Gavalda se distingue par sa capacité à capturer les nuances de l’expérience humaine. Elle essaie de créer des protagonistes en quête d’eux-mêmes afin de pouvoir échapper aux contraintes de la société et de retrouver leur véritable essence. En outre, elle explore les méandres complexes de la psychologie humaine à travers ses personnages. C’est avec sa finesse d’observation et une profondeur émotionnelle que Gavalda donne vie à ses personnages en quête d’identité, de connexion et de sens. Etant donné que du point de vue psychique, toute création littéraire est le produit d’un stimulant et est l’expression de l’inconscient de son producteur, nous avons décidé d’analyser L’Échappée belle, Ensemble, c’est tout et La Consolante de Gavalda selon les théories psychocritiques de Charles Mauron, afin de discerner les métaphores obsédantes dans les textes et avoir accès au mythe personnel de l’auteure. Cette méthode nous révélerait ce qui, dans l’inconscient de Gavalda, la pousse à avoir de telle production littéraire féconde et attirante.