درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This study aims to explain and elaborate a new model for the business environmental hostility in small and medium enterprises in the science and technology park in Kermanshah (Iran). The research method is a mixed method. Content analysis was used in the qualitative part, and a confirmatory factor analysis was used in the quantitative section. In the qualitative section for the environmental hostility dimension of the environmental turbulence, two components of competitive turbulence and regulatory turbulence, as well as seven sub-components were identified and validated. As a consequence, the conceptual model was extracted. This study proposed a conceptual model of business environmental hostility and the researcher-made questionnaire of environmental hostility confirmed with high validity and reliability. The model was verified based on the small and medium-sized enterprises in Kermanshah (Iran), and it is suggested that this new environmental hostility model can be used in practice to improve managing the small and medium-sized enterprises.

Learning effective segment depictions and resemblance measures are fundamental to the recuperation execution of a substance based picture recuperation (CBIR) structure. Regardless of wide research tries for a significant long time, it stays one of the most testing open gives that broadly impedes the achievements of real-world CBIR structures. The key test has been credited to the extraordinary "semantic hole" subject that happens between low-level photo pixels got by technologies and raised close semantic thoughts saw by a human. Among various techniques, AI has been successfully analyzed as a possible course to interface the semantic gap in the whole deal. Impelled by late triumphs of significant learning techniques for PC vision and various applications, in this paper, we try to address an open issue: if significant learning is a longing for spreading over the semantic gap in CBIR and how much updates in CBIR endeavors can be cultivated by exploring the front line significant learning methodology for learning feature depictions and likeness measures. Specifically, we explore a structure of significant learning with application to CBIR assignments with a wide game plan of definite examinations by investigating front line significant learning methodologies for CBIR endeavors under moved settings. From our exploratory examinations, we find some encouraging results and compress some huge bits of information for upcoming research.

The Internet is changing the transaction pattern of B2B markets. One of the major concerns of IT knowledge-based companies is how to take advantage of B2B online markets. These companies believe that the only possible strategy for entering these markets is to launch independent websites, and they are usually reluctant to enter these markets due to the requirements such as financial resources and skilled human resources. The literature showed that there were different strategies for entering these markets. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the selection of B2B online market entry strategies in IT knowledge-based companies but given the complexity of choosing the right strategy, it is a complex and unstructured issue, with various stakeholders, both internal and external, involved. Therefore, due to this complexity and the strong role of the human factor in it, the methodology of soft systems methodology has been used. The results showed that the factors contributing to the selection of B2B online market entry strategies in IT knowledge-based companies included entry time, external beneficiaries' characteristics and needs, corporate resources, corporate control strategy, corporate IT capabilities, external beneficiaries' IT knowledge and motivation, and product.

  Today, sustainable development of tourism as a strategy for the development of cities, especially remote cities is a relatively new idea that its importance has been realized by policymakers. This type of tourism can be considered as a source of income, creating jobs, and making positive changes in the income of cities. In tourism studies, there are also discussions about spiritual tourism. However, most scholars do not consider spiritual tourism as realtourism because it is like an umbrella that can include various types of tourism that leads to a transcendental sense and sacred values such as ‘Spiritual city tourism’.Then, using laboratory techniques of test and evaluation of fuzzy DEMATEL decision making, as one of the appropriate decision-making techniques that deal with systematic relations between variables, relations among factors influencing the development of Spiritual city tourism in Tehran are studied and modeled. The results of the fuzzy DEMATEL method showed that factors affecting the development of Spiritualcity tourism include Appropriate planning and management, Direct supervision of the government and institutions on those active in the field of tourism, Presence of experts fluent in live languages of the world beside tourism attractions, Attracting foreign investment for the development of Spiritual city tourism activities with contracts and special facilities, Marketing, advertising, and introducing tourism attractions in national and international areas, Culturalization of tourism development and promotion of tourist acceptance culture among city residents.