درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of emotional self-awareness in the relationship between moral identity and self-defeating behavior and cognition. This research was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. 200 female students of the first secondary school in the villages of Roudbane city in the academic year 2022-2023 were selected using convenience sampling method and the research tools included the moral identity questionnaire (MIQ), self-defeating behaviors & cognitions scale (SDBCS) and self-awareness outcomes questionnaire (SAOQ). Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation and structural equations. The obtained findings showed that moral identity and emotional self-awareness have a direct effect on self-defeating behavior and cognition (p>0.001). Also, moral identity had an indirect effect on self-defeating behavior and cognition with the mediating role of emotional self-awareness (p>0.001). According to the results of the present research, more attention should be paid to the role of moral identity and emotional self-awareness in reducing students' self-defeating behaviors and cognitions.

Objectives: Adherence to treatment and cancer coping self-efficacy are key components in the management of cancer disease. This study aimed at examining the structural pattern of personality traits of cancer patients on treatment adherence and cancer coping self-efficacy mediated by social support. Method: The method of the present study was descriptive and the research design was correlational based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all female patients with breast cancer who were referred to Shahid Rahimi Hospital for follow-up treatment, among whom 300 were selected using the convenience sampling method. Then, they completed the research questionnaires, including five personality traits, Self-efficacy appropriate medicine use scale, Cancer Behavior Scale, and Social Support Therapeutic Outcomes questionnaire. The research data were analyzed using AMOS statistical software. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between personality traits, adherence to treatment, cancer self-efficacy, and social support. The results of structural equation modeling showed a good fit of the model with the experimental data and the general hypothesis of the research was confirmed. Personality traits have a significant positive effect on adherence to cancer treatment and self-efficacy. Also, personality traits mediated by social support showed a negative and significant relationship with adherence to treatment and cancer self-efficacy. Conclusion: This study showed the effective role of social support in the outcome of social and individual measures to increase adherence to treatment and cancer self-efficacy in patients with breast cancer.

Objective: Problem gambling is a non-addiction issue that may arise even from recreational engagement with gambling activity. In Nigeria, not much has been written about this menace to the extent that the focus of interest of the government is on the economic gains of gambling activities rather than how to curtail the problems arising therefrom. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating psychosocial predictors (age, suicidality, and financial strain) contributing either independently or collectively to problem gambling among male undergraduate students in Ogun state, Nigeria. Methods: This study adopted a correlational research design. 201 participants were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires that included bio-data information, Problem Gambling Severity Index developed by (Ferris & Whynne, 2001), Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) developed by Osman, Bagge, Gutierrez, Konick, Kopper, & Barrios (2001) and Financial Strain Survey developed by (Aldana & Lijenquist, 1998). Results: Multiple Regression Analysis was used to analyze the data, and the results revealed that financial strain contributed more significantly to problem gambling (t (196) = 5.348, P.001), = 36, while all psychosocial variables contributed collectively to problem gambling (F (3, 196) = 9.670, P.01, AdjR2 =.12) among male undergraduate students in Ogun State, Nigeria. Conclusions: The study concluded that psychosocial factors-age, financial strain, and suicidality collectively contributed to problem gambling while only financial strain independently significantly predicted problem gambling among male university students in Ago-Iwoye community of Olabisi Onabanjo University. The study recommended that students receive financial counselling and planning in order to manage their money effectively.

This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of a creativity training program on the executive functions of preschool children. The research method employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, one-month follow-up, and a control group. The population consisted of five to six-year-old children in the preschool stage in District One of Tehran during the academic year 2021-2022. The sample size was selected based on Cohen's table with an effect size of 0.5 and a test power of 0.8, equaling 15 participants for each group. 30 children who met the entry criteria were identified and randomly replaced in two control and experimental groups. Participants completed such computer-based tests as Hungry Donkey Task, Tower of Hanoi, Continuous Performance Test, and N-Back Spatial Working Memory. During this period, the control group followed their normal daily schedule. Data was analyzed using mixed analysis of variance. The results indicated that the creativity training program significantly influenced decision-making, problem-solving, continuous attention, and spatial working memory. It is suggested that child psychologists and people dealing with preschool children use creativity training to enhance executive functions in preschool children.Keywords: Creativity training, Executive functions, Preschool children.