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La littérature a connu des changements depuis la fin des années 1970, notamment en ce qui concerne la réapparition du sujet et la valorisation des textes qui sont concentrés sur le moi. Ainsi, la littérature est allée ensemble avec la fiction et elles sont indispensables. La fiction est un genre littéraire qui contient des éléments imaginaires. L’autofiction, qui est une représentation fictive de soi, est située entre un récit réel tiré d’événements de la vie quotidienne et un récit parfaitement fictif qui est inventé par l’auteure. L’autofiction est une nouvelle forme d’autobiographie qui se distingue des écritures autobiographiques originales. Dans le récit de Vivre vite, Brigitte Giraud met l'accent sur la mort inacceptable de son mari, Claude, en suivant la description triste du jour de l'accident. Une perte a bouleversé l’histoire. En retrouvant des souvenirs et en parlant du passé, nous pouvons expérimenter des événements amers. Afin de mieux comprendre la notion d’autofiction doubrovskienne, nous avons d’abord essayé de traiter la notion de l’autofiction et sa différence avec l’autobiographie. Dans cet article, nous essayons d’illustrer le “je” comme un miroir brisé, qui cherche à réhabiliter sa présence et projette d’image de son moi rompu et de montrer comment à travers Vivre vite, Giraud met en scène des éléments autofictionnels. L’objectif essentiel de cette recherche s’appuie sur les enjeux de la fictionnalisation de soi et la résonance de l’autofiction. En expliquant les relations entre la reconstruction du récit et la fiction, nous présenterons le cadre théorique de la recherche, et nous procèderons, d’une approche descriptive-analytique, à la présentation du roman recourant aux conceptions autofictionnelles de Serge Doubrovsky.

This article offers a detailed study of a story by one of the giants of Persian literature, Farid al-din Attār. It particularly focuses on the character of Attār’s “The Pious Woman”, who emerges as a symbol of faithfulness and discusses her significance as a character of mystical proportion and grandeur that also appears as personification of virtue in a world dominated by acquisitive and lascivious men. In many aspects, the Pious Woman reminds one of Penelope in Homer’s The Odyssey who is also celebrated for her faithfulness to her husband and for her patience and feminine virtues.

The second half of the eighteenth century was a period of transition in European aesthetics. It was also a time of increasing contact between Europe and Asia. The rise of Oriental literary scholarship was a natural outgrowth of the public interest in things Oriental. While the earlier part of the century had sought to reaffirm the basic tenets of the Enlightenment with the help of its indirect knowledge of the Oriental literatures, the later generations became increasingly fascinated with the new possibilities of the literary heritage of the East. The Shahnameh first attracted the attention of the eighteenth-century Orientalists such as Sir William Jones as the supreme example of Oriental epic poetry. The present essay proposes to study Jones's conception of Persian literature and his remarks on the poetry of Firdawsi, as well as his fragmentary translations of the Shahnameh .

Michel Houellebecq describes an intense and visible reflection on contemporary society and the human condition. In his novels he uses the technique of literary paradox and expressing his opinions without any consideration or limitation, he is often considered a pessimistic writer. He describes his contemporaries carefully and frankly, and allows himself to formulate a strong and unequivocal critique of the state of the world. As a sociologist, Houellebecq strives to understand and depict modern society. His novels focus on contemporary society, a society in which it seems difficult to objectify human relationships, and where the person has become asocial and isolated, and is no longer able to communicate with others. The aim of his novels is to reveal the considerable problems of 21st century society through novels that show the insensitivity and alienation of people and which depict contemporary man as if he were imprisoned in his own mind. The objective of the present article is to analyze the influence of Schopenhauer's philosophy on the work of Michel Houellebecq following the method of intertextual analysis with emphasis on the idea of human suffering in Schopenhauer and Houellebecq.