درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study aims to evaluate the sustainability of water resources management among wheat farmers in the villages of Maragheh City in Iran. This study is applied research conducted using a survey method. The statistical population includes all irrigated wheat farmers in Maragheh City (N=240). According to Krejcie and Morgan's table, the statistical sample size is estimated to be 149. The samples are selected using the stratified sampling method. A correlation test and a multiple regression analysis are used to analyze the data and the Radar is used to assess the sustainability of agricultural water resources management. The results indicate that there is a direct and significant relationship between the farmers' application of measures related to sustainable water resources management and their attitudes toward sustainable water resources management, agronomic, economic, educational-extensional, policy-making, and institutional factors, the area under cultivation, and income. Moreover, there is an inverse and significant relationship between the farmers' application of measures related to sustainable water resources management and membership in rural organizations. The results of multiple regression analysis, which is used to investigate the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable (the application of measures related to sustainable water resources management in agriculture) show that five variables of economic, educational-extensional, social, and agronomic factors and farmers' attitudes toward sustainable water resources management explain about 63% of the variance of the dependent variable. From the perspective of irrigated wheat farmers in Maragheh City, the sustainability of agricultural water resources management is evaluated to be at a moderate level according to the total scores obtained for them.

Artificial intelligence enhances energy infrastructure efficiency, reduces waste in distributed energy systems, and ensures long-term durability. Additionally, green Internet of Things technology is positively linked to green innovation practices promoting sustainability. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence on environmental sustainability performance, considering the mediating influence of green supply chain management within the hotel industry. This study is designed as applied research, and the data collection method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population comprises hotel managers in Urmia City, with a sample size of 34 hotels determined using "Krejcie and Morgan" and "Cohen" tables. Sixty-four questionnaires were distributed among hotel managers in Urmia City. A standard questionnaire, validated by experts, was used to collect data. Its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis, revealing that the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence positively impact green supply chain management. Furthermore, a positive relationship was observed between green supply chain management practices and environmental sustainability performance. This study suggests that adopting the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies can enhance the efficiency of green supply chain management processes, emphasizing the importance for managers to grasp the impact of these two emerging technologies on overall supply chain performance.

The present study examines the teachers' experience of teaching "environmental protection" to elementary school students. Qualitative research has been done using the phenomenological method. The research population includes all teachers working in primary schools in Ahvaz. Sampling was purposeful, and after semi-structured interviews with 30 teachers, theoretical data saturation was obtained. The condition for selecting teachers was their desire to participate in research and interest in environmental topics. Interview data were analyzed using the Van Manen method to explore teachers' experience of environmental protection education. Findings include five main themes: ethics education in environmental protection, elements of environmental protection education, knowledge in environmental protection, attitude in environmental protection, and skills in environmental protection, and 15 sub-themes. According to teachers' experience, promoting and increasing students' sense of responsibility towards the environment and teaching environmental ethics is essential. It is also necessary to pay attention to human interaction and the two-way relationship with the environment and teach students that there is a kind of trade between us and nature, and if humans do not fulfill their obligations to nature, they face dangerous and unsolvable consequences. The teachers believed that, to increase students' understanding of how to preserve the environment, its harmful factors, and the consequences of polluting it, some lessons should mention environmental issues and problems and their solutions. Also, teaching aids should be prepared and used for environmental protection education. Improving students' attitudes toward the environment can motivate them to react to right and wrong environmental behaviors, make them aware of the value of nature, and ultimately lead to environmental protection.