درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Introduction: The existence of intelligent decision-making in educational managers increases their recognition skills and they find the ability to identify the decision process, check possibilities, make correct judgments, and plan carefully. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of studying the mediating role of intellectual ethics in the relationship between digital leadership and smart decision-making among elementary school principals in Kermanshah province. Material and Methods: The research is a correlational research based on structural equation modeling of the correlation-covariance matrix. The statistical population includes all the elementary principals of Kermanshah province in the academic year 2021-2022 (N=1902). The sample size was estimated based on proportional stratified random sampling and Cochran's formula (n=320). The tools included intelligent leadership, intellectual ethics and smart decision-making questionnaires, whose content validity was confirmed by experts and professors, and their construct validity was confirmed by factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaires was calculated through Cronbach's alpha as 0.85, 0.93 and 0.95 respectively. Pearson's correlation test and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis, and SPSS and LISREL software were used. Results: The relationship between digital leadership and intellectual ethics, digital leadership and intelligent decision-making, and the relationship between intellectual ethics and smart decision-making were significant. Finally, it was found that intellectual ethics can play a mediating role in the relationship between digital leadership and smart decision making. Conclusion: The results of this study show that educational managers can make smart decisions through the digital leadership style and, of course, considering intellectual ethics, and in this way, take steps in the direction of advancing educational goals and missions

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : Sibawayh, a leading grammarian in 8th Century used first time violent words and phrases such as “Izhaba, waqtala and wazrib” meaning “Go, and killed and hit”, and “Yazhabu, Yazribu, Yaqtilu and Yuzrib” meaning “He is going, hitting, killing and being hit” in his book “Al-Kitaab”. Since then, these types of words and phrases are being used in almost all the books of Arabic grammar. This article examines the concept and roots of militarization of textbooks and the effects of these words and phrases on human life and society. METHOD AND FINDING : In this research, content analysis has been used to quantify and analyze the presence of specific words and phrases used in Arabic grammar books, based on the psychology of words and human behavior. The words being used in our daily communication shapes human aura which has radiations that effects on emotional and physical state. A word, phrases and sentences carry not only meaning; but psychological effects, responsible to develop human Aura that influence human brain and personality. CONCLUSION : These words and phrases effect on human brain which leads people towards anxiety and irritability, consequently reduce human cooperation and collaboration in a significant manner. The nature of human thoughts depends on the words and phrases being used or heard and finally develop human aura that creates positive and negative energy in human. This research confirms adverse impact of negatives words and phrases on human life.