حسین کشاورز افشار

Objective: The present study aimed to predict loneliness based on the perceived parenting styles and parent-child conflict resolution tactics in adolescent girls.Methods: The research used a descriptive-correlational method. The research participants included girls aged 14 to 18 in the lower and upper secondary schools of the east of Tehran in the academic year of 2021-2022. A total of 267 samples were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. The participants responded to the Loneliness Scale (UCLA) by Russell (1996), the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) by Buri (1991), and the Parent-Child Conflict Scale by Fine, Moreland & Schwebel (1983), which were presented online by teachers and researchers.Results: Based on the data analysis results, authoritative parenting style(R=-.341) at the level (p <.01).  inversely and authoritarian parenting style directly (R=.339) at the level (p <.01) predicted loneliness. Among conflict resolution tactics, reasoning inversely(R=-.180) at the level (p <.01), verbal aggression (R=.359) at the level (p <.01), and physical aggression (R=.223) at the level (p <.01) directly predicted loneliness. Additionally, the perceived parenting style and parent-child conflict resolution tactics greatly affected loneliness in adolescent girls.Conclusion: Teaching authoritative parenting style and conflict resolution tactics prevented loneliness. Meanwhile, the development of interventions and ensuring parental participation had a significant effect on the reduction and prevention of loneliness.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Covid-19 Outcomes with family processes and domestic violence. Methods: 937 participants were recruited through available and snowball sampling and completed the questionnaires. Results: The results indicated that people who feel they are less likely to develop COVID-19 and probably will get recovered if they get infected are more likely to have general and physical violence. Violence was lower in people who thought they were less likely to recover from the disease and those who had a little pleasant experience of quarantine than in others. families who thought they are not likely to have COVID-19 infection and thought they were more likely to recover, had higher communication and problem-solving skills than others. Coping skills, cohesion, respect, and religious orientation were also higher in families with moderate risk of COVID-19 disease than in families with low risk. Families who consider the likelihood of getting infected and recovering from COVID-19 as a medium had higher coping skills, were more cohesive, respected each other, and had a higher religious orientation than families who considered the possibility of getting infected low and recovering to be high. Communication skills and problem-solving skills were higher in families who had a pleasant experience from quarantine Coping skills and cohesion/respect were higher in families who worked together for less than 2 hours. Religious orientation was higher in families with doctoral and master's degrees. Discussion: The results can be used in epidemics to keep health in families.

The study of marital satisfaction and its determining factors has always been of interest to researchers in the fields of Psychology and Social Sciences. The objective of the present study was to predict marital satisfaction based on social networks and body image in women who chose to have cosmetic surgery through the mediation of emotion regulation. The research methods were correlation and path analysis. The statistical population included all women who chose to have rhinoplasty in beauty clinics in districts 1 to 5 of Tehran in 2021. From among them, 150 women were selected through convenience sampling method. They filled out Olson’s (1998) Marital Satisfaction questionnaire, Mojaradi et al.’s (2014) Social Network questionnaire, Body Image questionnaire (1970) and John and Gross’ (2003) Emotion Regulation questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and path analysis were conducted using SPSS software (version 25) and PLS software (version 3), respectively. The results showed that the direct effects of body image on emotion regulation, emotion regulation on marital satisfaction, virtual social network on emotion regulation, and virtual social network on marital satisfaction were significant (p < 0.05). However, the direct effect of body image on marital satisfaction was not significant (p < 0.05). In addition, the indirect effect of body image mediated by emotion regulation on marital satisfaction, and that of virtual social network mediated by emotion regulation on marital satisfaction of women who chose to have cosmetic surgery were not significant (p < 0.05).