درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Considering the importance of job motivation in educational jobs, the present study was conducted to construct and evaluate the psychometric properties of teachers' job motivation questionnaire. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of implementation method. The study population was elementary school teachers in Tehran in 2019-20, which the sample size was estimated 400 people based on Cochran's formula and were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected by a researcher-made job motivation questionnaire (49 items) and analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS-22 and AMOS-24 software. Findings: The results showed that teachers' job motivation had 2 factors and 9 components; so that the external factor of job motivation includes four components of school environment, payroll system, leadership style / managerial support and performance appraisal and reward and the internal factor of job motivation includes five components of in-service training, work and cognitive interests, effective communication, perfectionist thoughts and selection and the factor loading of both factors and all nine components were significant at the confidence level of 0.99. Also, the content validity of the instrument was confirmed by experts and the convergent validity of the instrument was confirmed by the correlation coefficient of the score of each factor or component with the total score of the instrument. In addition, Cronbach's alpha reliability for the whole instrument was 0.92, external factor of job motivation 0.85, internal factor of job motivation 0.89 and components of school environment 0.75, payroll system 0.66, leadership style / managerial support 0.91, performance appraisal and reward 0.65, in-service training 0.82, work and cognitive interests 0.90, effective communication style 0.81, perfectionist thoughts 0.83 and selection was 0.71. Conclusion: Teachers' job motivation questionnaire was a valid and reliable instrument. As a result, specialists and planners of the education system can use it to review and evaluate the current situation of teachers' job motivation and provide solutions to strengthen their job motivation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of the model of established methods in autism (functional behavior analysis of ABA, Snowlen, and Dosa) based on the level of attention in children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in public and private educational and rehabilitation centers in 2018. By available sampling method, 48 people were selected and randomly divided into 4 intervention groups by applied behavior analysis method. , Snozelen, dosa and control group were divided. Data were collected based on the Connors Scale Scale (Parent Form) (1999), a modified review checklist, and the Wechsler intelligence test. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to eliminate the pretest effect using SPSS software was used. Findings: The results showed that all three methods of functional behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen and Dosa had a significant effect on increasing attention compared to the control group. Also, ABA applied behavior analysis method had a greater effect on improving attention in the three measurement stages than the other two experimental groups. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that the use of these interventions and educational programs as a method in improving and rehabilitating children with this disorder is useful, so the use of this method is recommended. The results showed that the difference between the analysis of functional behavior of ABA, Snozlen and Dosa with the control group was significant at the level of 0.05, so it can be said that all three methods of functional behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen and Dosa compared to the control group had a significant effect on increasing attention.