درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Companies have access to a variety of financial resources to implement available profitable investment projects, to settle overdue debts, to increase working capital, and to pay dividends to shareholders. These resources include cash from operating activities and the sale of assets (as intra-organizational sources of financing), borrowing loans from the bank, issuance of bonds, and issuance of new shares (as outside the organization sources of financing). Financing and its effects on the returns and risk of the company choose sources that minimize financing costs. Then, to prioritize the parameters, the hierarchical method, Topsis, and ANP were used. The results of this study indicated that the factors of efficiency, cost, sustainability, being operational, fairness, and transparency have been the most important criteria for choosing the financing method, as well as forming sub-consortia, receiving facilities, issuing participation bonds, establishing investment companies, presence in the securities market, creating a shareholder plan, and finally attracting foreign capital have been identified as financing methods. Also, the transparency of the financing method in the surveyed companies to identify the appropriate financing method had the least importance.

The purpose of this research is selecting the Most Effective Strategic Capability for Sustainable Development under Risk and Uncertainty in the Oil Industry by Rough Set Theory. The research methodology is qualitative and quantitative. The target population in the qualitative section included 14 industrial management specialists at the university level and in the quantitative section 32 senior managers in companies active in the Oil Industry. In this research, were used Meta-synthesis and Delphi analysis methods were used to identify the components and propositions of the research and in a small part, the analytical approaches of Ruff collection. The results showed that among the 15 final statements of risk and uncertainty in the Oil Industry, the risk of change in domestic law relative to political / economic diplomacy in the development of infrastructure for the Oil Industry X5 as the most important risk statement and uncertainty in the field. Political and legal risks that have been identified as a measure of the strategic viability of sustainable development. Finally, it was found that, despite the most probable risks selected in this study, namely the risk of changes in domestic law to political / economic diplomacy in the development of infrastructure of the Oil Industry "X5" Existence of sanctions of the world powers "X1" Strategic capabilities of sustainable economic development is the most important feature that should be considered in the country's inflationary conditions.

Rapid changes and competitions in today's world have shifted the role of governmental enterprises into regulating and directing activities. This has led to the need for the analysis of internal/ external situations and the revision of strategic planning of such companies. The Iranian Oil Terminals Company, as one of the National Iranian Oil Company subsidiaries, has developed its vision, mission, and strategic plan. In this paper, the strategic planning was fulfilled for the Procurement and Supply system of IOTC, which has the role of supporting the primary activities of the company by sourcing, purchasing, warehousing, and delivering the requested materials. In this regard, different models of strategic planning were reviewed to design a suitable approach for strategy formulation. The adopted framework was implemented using the balanced scorecard approach and the results were presented step by step in the paper. . . . . . . . . . . .

The purpose of this research is designing an Total Interpretive/Structural Model for the Entrepreneurial Orientation of SEM Subsidiary Oil. In this qualitative and quantitative methodology, five university experts in the field of entrepreneurship participated in the meta-analysis and Delphi field to identify the research components and propositions from the same research and then to reach competence. The identified component theory and propositions were analyzed by Delphi analysis. In the quantitative part, with the participation of 25 managers of SMEs Subsidiary Oil Subsidiary Oil and using matrix questionnaires, the identified propositions were stratified into a range of most influential propositions to the least effective ones. The results in the qualitative analysis section illustrate the existence of 3 main components in the form of the 15 final statement based on theoretical adequacy and are quantitatively identified; (X4) As Entrepreneurial Tendency Component Propositions at the Level of Information Technology Capabilities and Proposals to Change Traditional Warehousing (X7); Agile Production by Scale-Saving (X8); and Cost Control through Timely Evaluation of Machinery Depreciation (X9) Entrepreneurial at the competitive level The most influential causes in the oriented SMEs Subsidiary Oil Technologically are the entrepreneurial businesses.

Blockchain technology can bring opportunities, such as reducing transaction business costs and increasing transparency to the oil and gas industry. This model is adopted as a public maturity model in business processes, industry, and IS/IT organizations. This model is classified into five levels of emerging, identified, defined, operational, and mature to identify the applications of this technology toward flourishing and providing the ultimate solution to most of the organization's problems. Therefore, this qualitative research has been designed to identify maturity levels to provide a conceptual model of maturity levels of blockchain technology in grounded theory. First, the initial factors extracted through reviewing the research background; then, by conducting semi-structured interviews with 12 blockchain technology experts, the data were collected. It is noted that the interview was stopped as the duplicated and identical data, based on grounded theory research strategy The meanings and characteristics of the blockchain maturity model challenges presented in three stages of coding. The reliability of the interviews has confirmed by the reliability methods of Test-Retest and intra-subject agreement. The results of data analysis indicate that experts at the emerging level to primary educating and technology monitoring, at the identified level, to recognize the applications of this technology and regulation, at the defined level, to develop a roadmap, proof of concept, and Feasibility, At the operational level, the stakeholder resistance, and at the matured level, the entry new members, the consortium, and increasing attention to maturity requirements, is a spotlight with more frequency than other indicators and elements.

The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using CVR index, as well as exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis while its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using Delphi technique, one-sample t-test, and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Lisrel statistical software. Based on the obtained results, four dimensions, 17 components, and 63 indicators were identified for the inter-organizational cooperation management model in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. Environmental, cultural, organizational, and leadership style dimensions are known as the dimensions of inter-organizational cooperation management in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. Such factors had the most significance among the identified dimensions of environmental dimension with load factor of 0.99, cultural dimension with load factor of 0.82, organizational dimension with load factor of 0.79 and leadership style dimension load factor of 0.89, respectively, than other dimensions to the concept of inter-organizational cooperation management model in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. The results indicated that the designing the inter-organizational cooperation management model is divided into four dimensions of environmental, leadership, cultural and organizational dimensions. Environmental dimension includes political, business process, economic, developmental, legal, and technology. Cultural dimension includes the components of conflict management, information sharing, participation, and commitment. Organizational dimension includes the components of philosophy, processes, coordination, and strategy. Leadership style dimension encompasses the components of collaborative leadership, multidisciplinary decision making, and adaptation to management style.

Recent theories of firm dynamics emphasize on the role of financial variables as determinants of firm growth. Most of the technical literature shows that there is a positive relationship between financial leverage and firm growth. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether such relationship exists among oil and gas companies within the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Data were collected from the selected members of the OPEC. The collected data was then analyzed using the Arellano and Bond (1991) GMM method and Sargan test. The results showed a significant and positive relationship between financial leverage and firm growth which is in line with the technical literature. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by examining a specific and important sector within several different countries. It shows the current theory is not affected by industry or country.

As projects increase in size and complexity, they become more difficult to handle. One of these large and complex projects is oil and gas projects. The current controlling processes of projects are not able to detect the problems in early phases of the project and are rather late leading to extra time and cost. One solution is to find symptoms of problems in the early phases. Due to the importance of drilling projects in upstream sector, the main objective of this research is to identify the early warning symptoms of problems in drilling projects and to find the relationships between selected early warnings with project outcomes and problems of these projects. To reach that aim, the early warnings have been recognized through literature review and interviews with experts. Then, case study analysis is performed to find the relationships between early warnings and project outcomes. All cases have been selected from previous completed drilling projects in one of the oil fields of Iran. Findings show that there is a relationship between early warnings, project outcomes and projects problems.

One of the main approaches in capacity building and strengthening organizational abilities to integrate activities along the supply chains is the integration, creation, and reconfiguration of internal and external capabilities of components based on the theory of dynamic capabilities. The main assumptions of this theory are based on the purposeful strengthening and promotion of organizational capacities to improve the executive capability of human resources. The objective of this study is to provide a model for promoting dynamic capabilities for international markets of Iran's oil and gas industry. The statistical population includes managers and experts in the field of oil and gas working in the affiliated organizations in Iran. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was verified by the content method and its reliability was examined and verified by test-retest method with Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.877 and internal consistency was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Based on the findings, the dynamic capabilities model was formed on 24 primary factors that were classified into 7 main components. In addition, these components were further classified into four main categories based on the competence-emergency matrix. According to the results, "Strategic conducting of capital resources" accounted for 19.78% of explanatory power and was the most important factor in promoting dynamic capabilities. The findings of the present study can be useful for decision-makers to promote competitiveness in terms of dynamic capabilities in Iran's oil and gas industry.