بیوک تاجری

Objectives: One of the major complaints of addicts in withdrawal period is their malady and boredom. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of problem solving skills on happiness of addicts to methamphetamine in Tehran city. Method: Using a semi-experimental design and multistage cluster sampling method, 36 addicts were randomly selected and assigned to the experimental and control groups. Both groups filled Oxford Happiness Questionnaire in the pre-test, posttest and after three-month follow up. The participants of the experimental group were taught problem solving skills. Covariance and variance analysis with repeated measurement of Bonn-Ferny test were conducted to analyze the data. Result: Considering the presence of ETA square (0.28), it can be concluded that the experimental intervention led to changes in the treatment group that resulted in 0.28 total changes due to the intervention. We can say that with 99% confidence, there is a statistically significant difference between the mean of the study groups in the three intervention stages. Conclusion: Training problem solving skills is effective in increasing happiness level of addicts to methamphetamine. Keywords: problem solving skills, happiness, methamphetamine, addicts

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term intensive dynamic psychotherapy interventions and the 12-step method in reducing drug temptation and reducing the projective defense mechanism of recovering addicts in Tehran province. The study method was pretest-posttest with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all recovering addicts in Tehran province in 1399, of which 58 people (30 people in the intervention group and 28 people in the control group) were selected using purposive non-random sampling. Data were collected using the Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ-40) by Anders et al. (1993) and Wright craving (2003). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance. The results of univariate analysis of covariance showed that by controlling the effect of F-tests obtained on the variable mechanisms of projection and temptation "at the level of 0.05 is significant. In other words, there are significant differences in the post-test scores of these variables in the "experimental group" and the "control group". The results of univariate analysis of variance in the first to fourth hypotheses also showed the difference between the two intervention groups and the control group in the variables of drug temptation, defense mechanisms of denial, projection and splitting. It is concluded that short-term intensive scanning psychotherapy and the twelve-step method are effective in reducing drug temptation and reducing the projective defense mechanism of addicts.

Objective: Alzheimer's is a progressive and debilitating disease of the brain that causes serious damage to human thoughts and memory and is associated with psychological disorders such as insomnia and agitation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of body-centered meditation on insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer’s patients. Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. From the statistical population of patients with Alzheimer's disease in mild to moderate levels referred to clinics and Alzheimer's Association of Tehran province, 20 people were selected randomly based on inclusion criteria and assigned into experimental (n = 10) and control groups (n = 10). The research questionnaires were Morin's insomnia (1993) and Cohen-Mansfield's Agitation (1986). Meditation was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions of 90 minutes. The research data were analyzed using multivariate covariance. Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that post-test scores of insomnia and agitation of patients with Alzheimer's in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (P≤0 / 005). Conclusion: Body-centered meditation can be used to improve insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer's patients. Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease, agitation, insomnia, meditation, psychiatry

Purpose: Considering the importance of cancer in human societies and its negative effects on human body and psyche, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Schema Therapy on resiliency of breast cancer patients in East Tehran Medical Centers. Methodology: This study is a pilot study with single stage cluster sampling method. We selected 150 patients with breast cancer in East of Tehran. The Connor-Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire was presented. Forty-five subjects were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15, consisting of two interventions and one control group, 12 sessions of group schema therapy and 12 sessions of acceptance-based therapy, each session lasting 90 minutes. Each intervention was performed twice a week for 3 days. At the end of treatment all three groups were tested. Findings: The finding showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental group under the influence of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Schema Therapy in post-test resiliency. F (1.41) = 530/35. Conclusion: The results showed that schema therapy is more effective on resiliency than, Commitment-Based and Acceptance.

A B S T R A C T Objective: Depressive mood along with boredom and unhappiness is one of the main consequences of addiction treatment and investigating the reduction strategies is of absolute and sheer necessity. The present research aims to investigate the effectiveness of problem solving training program in happiness and coping style of individuals suffering from drug abuse. Methods: Therefore, in a semi-experimental study, the addicted individuals having low rate of happiness (N=36) were selected through random cluster multi-stratified sampling and assigned into the experimental and control groups. Both groups were measured by Oxford Happiness Inventory and Coping Styles Questionnaire and the experimental group underwent problem solving skills training. Results: the results of covariance analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, variance analysis with repeated measure and t-test indicated that, happiness level (Eta square=.24) and coping style (Eta square=.31) of the experimental group has increased and there is between-group difference in three stages of intervention at 99% of significant level. It can also be concluded that, there is significant relationship between rational coping style (.57), detached coping style (.47) and the increase of happiness in subjects. Moreover, there is significant and negative relationship between emotional coping style (-.41), avoidance coping style (-.35) and the decrease of happiness among the subjects. Increased rate of happiness and rational coping skills were observed in the experimental group. The more the individual uses rational and detached styles, the more his/her happiness is and the more s/he uses emotional and avoidance coping styles, the less her/his happiness is.

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of acceptance-based treatment and commitment to interdependence, loneliness and Attributional styles of addicts' wives. The present study was a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest with control group and from the perspective of the purpose, the research was applied. The statistical population of the study consisted of all wives of drug addicts in Tehran. The sample of the present study was based on objective sampling based on available sampling including 30 subjects (15 subjects in each group, 15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The research instruments were Spen-Fisher questionnaire (1991), loneliness questionnaire, Attributional style styles, and adherence-based therapy package. Data were analyzed by repeated measures of covariance and Bonferrini test. Findings showed that considering the fact that the level of significance is smaller than α, also considering that the effect of pre-test was covariate by covariance test, it can be concluded that in the context of the variables of dependency, loneliness and Attributional styles, Treatment based on admission and commitment has been significantly effective. Also, considering all the three variables, we can conclude that the experimental intervention has led to changes in the experimental group. So the treatment affected the decrease in dependency and loneliness and the change in the Attributional style.