مطالب

The present research was an attempt to investigate gender portrayal represented in EFL reading textbooks. Using Johnson and Young’s (2002) verb taxonomy , the reading passages of the four books of the Active Skills for Reading series were selected as the corpus. Qualitative content analysis was employed to identify the type and frequency of verb categories including, action , competition/destruction , agency/control , limited, state, feeling and nurturing , and negative verbs. Based on the results of statistical analysis, no significant difference was demonstrated in frequencies of verb types assigned to each gender other than in Action and Limited verb elements which were biased toward males. Moreover, it was revealed that males were assigned to some social roles which were traditionally attributed to female characters. In addition, the findings revealed that there was no significant difference between doer vs. receiver roles allocated to male and female characters. The results of the study can shed more light on micro and macro policymaking in the area of education, language teaching, curriculum development, and materials preparation for EFL courses.

Enthusiasm is one of the main psychological variables affecting the entrepreneurial intention of people, which as one of the dimensions of well-being in the work environment, expresses a positive and active feeling, which is known with a high level of work with interest and honor. The aim of the present research is to investigate the role of the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of managers in the organizational structure of managers of government organizations. According to the existing theoretical frameworks, the relationships between research variables have been evaluated by some quantitative methods. According to the characteristics of the statistical society, the non-probability and accessible sampling method was chosen for the experts. To determine convergent and divergent validity, Lisrel software was used, and for data analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was usually used to test the normality of the data. The analysis of the obtained data showed that; GFI (normalized fit index) higher than 0.9 is a sign of a good fit of the model. RMSEA is equal to 0.055 (the root mean square of the error of approximation or the deviation test of each degree of freedom) and a value less than 0.08 indicates a good fit of the model. Shows, On the other hand, the P-value (significant level) is 0.0001, which is less than 0.05, so it is accepted with 95% confidence of the conceptual model of entrepreneurial enthusiasm of managers of public organizations. The results showed that the investigation of the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of managers of public organizations in Isfahan province showed factors such as organization atmosphere, perspective, and upstream documents, knowledge management in the organization, efficient human resources, and entrepreneurial culture in the organization, organizational learning, and entrepreneurial education. There is a desire for entrepreneurship in this.

The situation generated by the pandemic has caused irreversible changes in society and the educational world, manifesting a necessary change in methodology in the teaching and learning process. The purpose of this study, which is part of a doctoral thesis investigation, was to analyze the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and the digital competences of teachers in the Foreign Language classroom, before and during the state of alarm provoked by the pandemic Covid-19, based on sociodemographic factors. A non-experimental, ex post facto, descriptive study was carried out using a single measuring instrument. The final sample consisted of 117 foreign language teachers from bilingual schools of Primary and Secondary Education in Andalusia (Spain), both public and semi-private. The results indicate that teachers improved their digital skills as a result of the increased frequency of ICT use during the pandemic, and men under 30 years of age felt more motivated to use and incorporate new technologies in their classes. Even so, teachers continue to express the need for greater training opportunities in the use of ICTs for both educators and students, which will pose new challenges in the acquisition and development of digital competencies and from which new needs will emerge.

The ability to recognize and compare shapes and understand the concept of proportions is one of the first human findings from environmental geometric data. And certainly the formation of geometry as a science of recognizing the arrangement of lines, shapes and levels and proportions leads to the definition of golden proportions in the mathematical sciences as a new way of organizing shapes and forms. Golden and geometric proportions are effective as a determining element in the scale of spatial forms, and the formation of spatial forms by not using or misuse of geometric proportions is due to functional and psychological interactions on human perception and cognition. Which causes the construction and formation of scales and proportions of the environment and the emergence of psychological effects due to human activities in the environment. And then the abnormal effects and environmental dysfunction on the saccade system of the human eye and as a result the feeling of fear and lack of belonging to the place interacts. On the other hand, nature as the raw material of creation, and the principle and mother of man, which causes him to model the proportions in nature. Understanding the laws governing the relationships between elements and spatial shapes leads to the formation of geometric and golden proportions in the spending of space. Because knowing the symbol of shapes, proportions and scales in the world of meaning and kingdom is reminiscent of the divine order in all dimensions of the world (even in astronomy). Therefore, evaluating the values ​​of spatial proportions in nature as the bedrock of human life and the pattern of psychological perceptions, leads to the adoption of human activities. Also, the study of human needs on a mental and psychological scale from the perception of the environment causes the recognition of scales and dimensions by human visual senses, which leads to the perception of the correct golden and geometric proportions through Sakadi eye movements and psychophysical sciences. . Certain ratios can also be observed in the creation and design of various shapes in nature. These relations are those geometric relations that have immaterial roots and follow the spiritual and supernatural principles, believing that their subject is sacred, and have a symbolic language and spiritual characteristics. In the traditional world, geometry was inseparable from the other four Pythagorean sciences, namely arithmetic, music, and astronomy. And traditional geometry is also associated with the symbolic composition and shapes of space. To this end, the study of the effect of golden and geometric proportions on human visual perception of the architectural environment based on the sense of belonging to the place, causes visual quality to increase the sensory richness of the place and achieve human values ​​and criteria in the sense of belonging to the place and human needs. To be considered by the architect. In this research, with the perspective of this identity and the interaction of geometric and golden proportions and the sense of belonging to the place, the criteria and indicators of the research have been studied and the results have been presented in the form of tables and diagrams.

Organizational DNA expresses a method of investigation, thinking, reflection and thought about organizations, which examines the patterns of organizations, management practices, leadership style and other concepts related to the organization. Organizational DNA uses very diverse approaches to understand and recognize the organization, instead of organizational models and forms, by examining issues such as teamwork, decision-making, and development and improvement of human resources as separate or at least independent variables. In this research, by using the theoretical framework and using quantitative and qualitative methods, it has been done to identify the dominant DNA in Tocafulad Holding companies and determine the relationship model of hidden components using covariance analysis. The statistical population includes 435 employees of Isfahan Tokafulad companies and 6 company experts who used a mixed or mixed design to conduct the research. The technique of structural equations has been used to improve the model and evaluate the components and indicators to check and identify the model. In order to answer the research question, the steps are: 1) presentation of the conceptual model of the relationship between the corporate DNA and the investigated components, 2) quantitative evaluation of the components and indicators of the model, 3) determining the mutual influence of the hidden variables and the obvious variables of the model and 4) the relationship Between the apparent variables of the components with each other and the verification of the initial conceptual model has been carried out and then the model has been improved and finally the dominant DNA has been determined. The research showed that semantic DNA with a factor load of 0.93 is the dominant DNA in 4 out of 6 companies under investigation. It was also found that planning and payment system are the least important and change processes are the most important in line with the improvement model. In the improved model based on covariance analysis, the mutual effects of payment system and planning with mission, leadership style with teamwork, performance management with decision-making, interpersonal relations with change processes and change processes with work group should be considered.