درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Different techniques can be used to enhance EFL students’ vocabulary learning. One such technique can be learning-oriented assessment (LOA) which may have a positive impact on vocabulary learning. To investigate the effect of LOA on EFL learners’ vocabulary learning and retention, 60 intermediate EFL learners were selected. After checking the homogeneity of the participants by using an Oxford Placement Test (OPT), 60 participants were selected and they took a pretest of vocabulary. Afterward, they were divided into 2 groups, the experimental group received the LOA treatment and the control group received the placebo. Based on Carless framework (2007), LOA was applied in the experimental group for 40 hours. Then, both groups took the post-test and the delayed post-test after 2 weeks. The reliability of the pretest, post-test, and delayed post-test was considered acceptable. Two repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to determine whether there were statistical differences between the pretest, post-test, and delayed post-test of each group. Also, two independent-samples t-tests were used to determine the differences between the post-test of the two groups and their delayed post-tests. The results showed that LOA significantly affected the experimental group’s vocabulary learning. On the other hand, LOA did not have any significant impact on the learners’ retention of vocabulary in the delayed post-test. The most important implication of the study is that for better retention of words, more hours of LOA instruction are needed.

This study aims to show the reasons behind the capability of grief over the death of each person and how violence is performative in registering someone as livable or unlivable. This study also uses descriptive analysis methods and library research techniques. The main character in this novel Meftah, is an Arabic literature student, a religious person who works in the graveyard. This resulted in his recounting the story of the Sookhteh brothers whose deaths are not recognized so they are not mourned over properly. Through Butler's idea, the researcher tries to find out how livable and unlivable people are distinguished and what makes people believe that only registered lives are capable of being mourned over, and performative violence makes people differentiate between worthy and unworthy human beings.  The appearance of Homo Sacer is discussed in detail, the person who cannot be sacrificed but can easily be killed. It is deduced that people who are deprived of the primary conditions of life be it safety, welfare, or peace, as the main characters of this novel, don’t count as livable humans. They are not registered as humans, so they are not recognized and they become unrepresentable. Violence does not only lead to death but it also paves the way for people to ignore the death of some who are not subjectified and are not worthy of being grieved.

In this research, we delve into the effect of using technology in English language teaching. Our qualitative approach utilizes the narrative research method to collect and analyze the narrative of an experienced English language teacher who has incorporated technology in language teaching. By this research, we aim to examine the effectiveness of using technology in teaching English by exploring its impact on language learning, student motivation, and enrichment opportunities for students. The study adopts a qualitative approach, specifically a narrative research method. The participants in this study includes an experienced English language teacher in a secondary school at Sanandaj. Data were collected through in-depth interview and reflective narrative. Semi-structured interview was conducted with the participant, allowing for open-ended questions and follow-up probes to explore their experiences, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the use of technology in English language teaching. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the interview transcript and reflective narrative. Language learning has been shown to benefit from the use of technology in English teaching, specifically boosting Language learning, student motivation and enrichment opportunities for students. The findings will contribute to the existing knowledge base and provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking effective strategies for incorporating technology in English language teaching.