درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on negative automatic thoughts and negative affect in depressed women. Methods: The design of this study was applied and quasi-experimental, featuring pre-test and post-test stages with two experimental groups and one control group, followed by a two-month follow-up period. The study population included all women diagnosed with depression who visited a private counseling center in Tehran in 2023. A convenience sample of 30 participants was randomly assigned equally to the two experimental groups and one control group. The Watson and Tellegen (1985) Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Hollon and Kendall (1980) Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software, applying three-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc tests. Findings: Results indicate significant differences between pre-test and post-test scores for both therapies in terms of negative affect and negative automatic thoughts (p < .01), demonstrating the significant efficacy of both treatment modalities. No significant differences were found between post-test and follow-up scores (p > .05). Analysis using the Bonferroni test shows no significant difference in the efficacy of the two approaches on problem-solving components (p > .05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that both Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy are effective in reducing negative affect and negative automatic thoughts in depressed women, with no significant difference in the effectiveness of these therapeutic approaches.

Objective: The present study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a family mediation intervention model on self-esteem, negative mood, and social anxiety in children of divorce. Methods: The method of this study was quasi-experimental, employing a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population consisted of all children of divorced parents in Alborz Province, who had legal cases filed in the judiciary of this province. The research sample included 30 children, randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 in each group), selected through convenience sampling. The children completed the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) and the Maria Kovacs Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Findings: The results of multivariate covariance analysis (Wilks' Lambda = 0.45, F = 9.46, P < 0.001) indicated that the family mediation intervention model, based on co-parenting, was effective in reducing negative mood (F = 7.03, P < 0.01), negative self-esteem (F = 15.87, P < 0.01), and social anxiety (F = 7.07, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the family mediation training program, grounded in co-parenting, can be considered a useful educational method alongside other support programs for children of divorce.

Gifted children, recognized for their exceptional intellectual abilities and advanced cognitive skills, often face unique challenges and opportunities in their social development. This letter aims to shed light on these complexities, exploring the factors that influence the social skills of gifted children and suggesting strategies for supporting their social growth. Continued research is vital to understand better the social development of gifted children and the effectiveness of various interventions. Studies focusing on diverse populations and contexts can provide insights into how different factors influence social outcomes. By building a robust evidence base, educators, parents, and policymakers can develop more effective strategies to support the social development of gifted children. The social development of gifted children is a multifaceted issue that requires a nuanced understanding of their unique challenges and opportunities. While gifted children may face difficulties in peer acceptance and social-emotional adjustment, they also possess advanced social skills and problem-solving abilities that can be harnessed to promote positive social interactions. Educators and parents play a crucial role in providing the support and interventions needed to nurture these skills. By adopting an equity-focused approach and implementing innovative strategies, we can ensure that gifted children thrive both socially and academically.

Etisalat is a global business which currently operates in 16 countries across the Middle East, Asia and Africa, and as one of the 25 leading global telecoms companies, the management team has identified Nigeria, the largest black Nation on earth as a strategic opportunity to increase both its brand perception and returns to its shareholders. This piece, written based on few frameworks and models to provide an analytical recommendation to the leadership of Etisalat on how to penetrate the market, and also sustain its presence despite the monopolistic competition. The report provides an insight into a business case establishing the growth of LTE subscriptions in the market and also provides a macroeconomic analysis of the business environment of the Nigerian market. The popular SWOT analysis framework guided the critics of the status and capability of Etisalat as a global business, providing insight to its competitive advantages and its area of development as a brand. One identified opportunity for Etisalat, among many others, is the strong governmental and public relations capability of Etisalat which is considered a strategic opportunity to grow its presence in the region. The report also analyzed the economy of the country from a macro and more objective perspective. Identifying key challenges and strategic case for why Etisalat would succeed in Nigeria despite the obvious challenges. Identifying FDI in the telecoms industry as a growing area, the country has been able to help service businesses attract more infrastructural investment which has also reduced the cost of operation at scale. Finally, the piece provides critical short-term and long-term recommendations with an implementation plan which further identifies areas of immediate opportunities