درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Background: The 2024 Iranian presidential election intensified political polarization on Persian Twitter (X), where ideological factions engaged in networked contestation. This study employs social network analysis to examine polarization mechanics, mapping key actors, echo chambers, and discursive strategies. Findings illuminate digital factionalism, algorithmic amplification, and the role of influencers in political mobilization.Aims: This study explores the mechanisms driving political polarization on Persian Twitter (X) during the 2024 Iranian presidential election.Methodology: Utilizing computational social science methodologies, the research combines social network analysis (SNA) and thematic analysis to examine over 133,000 active users and numerous election-related hashtags. Data collection spanned June 1–16, 2024, leveraging Twitter's API to identify clusters, user interactions, and thematic trends. Key tools included the Louvain algorithm for community detection and centrality measures for network analysis, visualized through Gephi software.Findings: Findings reveal a fragmented political landscape characterized by ideological divides, echo chambers, and limited interaction between opposing factions. Analysis identified six major clusters, each aligned with distinct political affiliations, including reformists, conservatives, and opposition groups. Thematic analysis further highlighted the rhetoric surrounding leading candidates Masoud Pezeshkian and Saeed Jalili, revealing polarized sentiments and distinct narratives among their supporters and detractors. The study also underscores the role of platform algorithms, influencer strategies, and group identities in deepening polarization.Conclusions: This research contributes to the understanding of digital polarization within Iran's socio-political context. It emphasizes the dual role of social media as both a space for public discourse and a driver of ideological segregation. Recommendations include strategies for promoting digital literacy, fostering inclusive discussions, and enhancing algorithmic transparency to mitigate polarization in Iran.

Improving the team's psychological safety in multicultural situations requires attention to the cultural competence of leaders. This is despite the fact that prosperous industries and businesses related to the clothing field that experience multicultural and diverse environments in terms of diversity of human resources in Iraq have paid less attention to this issue. Based on this, the aim of this study is to recognize the cultural competence of leaders for psychological safety.The research method is exploratory and qualitative content analysis. The research community was experts and owners of clothing industries at the high and middle levels of companies and factories of clothing production, from which the purposeful sampling method dependent on the criterion with 22 people reached the data saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. After implementing open and axial coding, the data were analyzed through MAXQDA software. Validation of data was done through external auditors and member checking. Finding showed that the cultural competencies of leaders for the development of psychological safety in work teams include team safety competencies, safe leadership competencies, and safety cultural competencies.