درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Considering the pluricentricity of English language and more orientation towards intelligibility in multilingual and multicultural contexts, this article presents an attempt to explore 480 Outer Circle (OC) and Expanding Circle (EC) learners’ attitudes towards pronunciation and varieties of English within the framework of global Englishes. Adopting a questionnaire accompanied by interviews with some participants, the analysis shows the degree to which acceptance of pronunciation and pluricentricity of English vary among learners. In particular, the EC participants’ exonormativity was found to be greater. The results also highlight the concept of “identity” and nativism myth which shows native-like preference anchors more in EC learners’ attitudes compared to OC participants. This article argues that English learners must be made aware of the realities of today’s English and global English ownership which can be really helpful to instigate a paradigm shift in language learning to make sure that it is reflective of how English functions globally and all varieties of English in different cultures are respected.

I will look at Immigration from persepective of phenomenology and its somewhat foucauldian understanding of governmentality in third way marxism that integrates phenomenology. The term economism has been kept as a primary reason to close the state borders from immigration. There are different ideas of which sector of being clearly defined kind of legitimizes the sovereign. My hypotheses is that in the economic times of third way economic policies just behind us economic is the most clearly defined category to legitimize sovereign and its borders in many senses. Economism as reason to keep borders closed is paradoxical since economic activity most clearly penetrates the borders. Poststructuralist analysis of flows like in Gilles Deleuze or of hospitality in political sense and context in Jacques Derrida are important. Phenomenology helps to understand governmentality as I will argue/show. It can also help to see keeping people out of sovereign - like the state as question of governmentality. The question becomes technical question of governmentality. the point and argument is to sketch out the technical governmentality concerning the immigration question mostly after all phenomenologically.

Purpose: The study attempts to understand the information-seeking behavior of school students of Delhi.  Method: It included sources for initiation resources, preferred language, the method used to search information resources, time spent on e- search, etc. The data for the study was collected from nine schools comprising of three government schools and six private schools. The sampling method in the sample selection was closed with the help of the stratified random sampling method. The SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science-version24) was used to transform and analyze the data with applied statistical techniques such as Mann-Whitney U Test and Chi-Square test for proportions and content analysis.  Findings: Results of the analysis revealed that printed information material is more preferred than electronic information material for both government and private school students. The students use electronic information resources more for recreational purposes than for academic purposes, however, a significant difference in the use of E-resources was observed between government and private school students. Government school students, as well as private school students, were found to prefer and use mobile phones for searching information over other electronic gadgets such as laptops, tablets, etc. however use of Laptops, Kindle and Tablets were found to be significantly higher in private school students in comparison to government school students.  Conclusion: Government school students preferred Hindi as a language for information resources whereas Private school students preferred English language information sources. It was found from the study that the information-seeking behavior of Government and Private school students varied significantly.

Purpose: education plays a key role in empowerment of human resources. Thus, the present research was done to present and validate the human resources empowerment model with emphasis on education in the ornamental and building stone industry. Methodology: this descriptive-analytical study was of correlation type. The statistical population consisted of the staff at Iran's stone statistics and information center as many as 425 persons in 50 companies. The sample size was determined 200 according to Cochran formula; this number was chosen through stratified random sampling method based on the occupational unit. The research instruments included demographic information form capturing gender, age, level of education, years of working background, and a researcher-made questionnaire ( 50 items), whose face validity was confirmed based on expert opinion, while its reliability was calculated using Cronbach alpha method on 30 staff as 0.95. The data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equations modeling methods in SPSS-25 and Smart PLS-3 software. Findings: the findings indicated that empowerment of human resources has 10 factors of change and innovation, managerial functions, learning, development of human resources, behavioral factors, organizational factors, the strategic factors of organization, environmental factors, cultural and leadership factors as well as knowledge beyond the technical knowledge. The factor load of all of its items was above 0.40; the convergent validity of the factors was found above 0.60 using the average variance extracted method. The reliability of all of the factors using Cronbach alpha and mixed method was above 0.70. Furthermore, the human resources empowerment model with emphasis on education in the ornamental and building stone industry had suitable and acceptable fitting, and the empowerment of human resources with emphasis on education had a direct and significant effect on all of the 10 factors (P<0.001). Conclusion: given the suitable model of human resources empowerment with emphasis on education in the ornamental and building stone industry, experts and planners can take effective steps for empowerment of human resources through the 10 identified factors.