درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

According to Islamic and Qur’anic basis, monotheism is the core of Islamic Art and the real art is the one that calls toward spirituality and remembering God in the life and condemns any form of artwork which hinders human being from religiosity and divinity, (Qur’an 31:6). Qur’an from one hand addresses the story of prophet Josef, as the masterpiece of Qur’anic narratives (12:3) but it condemns, from the other hand, using ugly art to show distance human being from Divine beauties, (31:20). The main characteristics of Divine and Islamic Art is that the artist by his or her artwork tries to gain proximity to Allah, the Almighty, the creator of whole universe, and getting away from the worldly desires by observing the universe and the nature by realistic approaches than the eyes of benefit or loss. This perspective is totally different from the ugly or human-centered art which looks at everything by the vision of subjectivity and none or anti-metaphysical perspective looking at world on the basis of worldly benefits, desires, lust, hatred, disparity and animosity. This article intends to survey over several aspects of Islamic Art, from philosophical, spiritual and religious perspective.it will also illustrate some instances from Qur’an or from Hadith (Narration) from the holy prophet of Islam, Muhammad (S) and his Ahlulbayt (A.S). In this article Iranian Shi’a art which is the combination of the art of Iranian culture and also Iranian Shi’ite perspective on religion will also be elaborated on.

One thing we learn from Quran is that every prophet came with miracle similar to the tricks famous for the period of time or the region. For example in the time of the Pharaoh, he used to stupefy and manipulate people by use of magicians and their magic: Thus  he  stupefied  his  people, and  they obeyed  him,  they were  wicked  (sinning) people.[1] When Hz Musa came with his staff and dropped it, it turned to a snake and swallowed their magic. With a naked eye both sides did the same thing, hence they called Hz Musa a knowledgeable magician or another example, when in Arabia poetry was very popular, prophet Muhammad (pbuh) introduced Quran and no one could produce anything similar or close to it even one chapter (surah). We can go further and analyze story of Hz Yusuf, Hz Isa, Hz Saleh etc. What kind of lesson we learn from these stories? Every prophet came with a weapon similar what falsehood had for the specific region. Evil was fought back with the same “type” of weapon but with one difference, weapons of the prophets were from Allah (swt) and was representing, delivering the truth. We are living in a strange era now, full of false information, data, different theories and philosophies. And to push through this false representatives of evils uses internet, media and social media. Almost everyone has mobile phone nowadays and using them for social media. From time to time they notice some videos or information which is introduced by falsehood to move them out of Islam. Weak (in terms of knowledge and faith) people (most of people) fall into their trap very easily. In one word we seem loosing the game. What to do to change the situation: 1. Everyone (absolutely everyone) should bear the responsibility to improve his knowledge on the religion. 2. Those who has sufficient knowledge should use every possible ways and especially social media to share their knowledge and deliver the truth. We should stat from ourselves first! We need to get proper education, apply it to our life and then share it with others. Not all the cities has proper Islamic education centers and sometimes there are some barriers which stop us. For example location difference (I live in Baku but Islamic University is in Iran, Qom) and language difference (I speak Azeri, Russian, Turkish and English but don’t speak Farsi or Arabic). In the era of internet, there are virtual study systems which remove location barrier and as those studies are held in different languages it removes language barrier as well. A the moment I study in Al-Mustafa University virtually and in Azeri language. I think everyone who wants to contribute in improvement of Islam in the country should take this opportunity. After we have sufficient knowledge, we should use the same “weapon” as falsehood does (social media) to spread the truth. Here we need to consider lots of things, we need to produce the products accepted by people without resistance, know what they like. For example most of videos viewed the most are within 3 to 5 minutes, use some good background vocal melody, HD recording, cartoon type recording etc. There are some very good channels which I follow (for example “Islamic Pulse”) which does all these stuff in professional manner. As a summary, we need to use the same “weapon” in the same manner to deliver truth against the falsehood. All the praises are due to Allah (swt), due to His will all the good deeds start and finish successfully. [1]. Zukhruf, 54.

The labor market is one of the main markets in the national economy and the equilibrium of the labor market is one of the main concerns of policymakers in every country. Theoretical foundations and empirical studies show that labor demand is the main factor in creating employment and equilibrium in the labor market. This article evaluates the effect of fiscal policy on labor demand in Iran from 1976-2018. During this period, the government has implemented employment-generating projects, tax and insurance exemptions via annual development programs and budgets, and encouraged investment in areas with high unemployment rates. we examined the effect of current government expenditures, government development expenditures, and taxes to study the effect of government fiscal policies on labor demand. In this article, we estimate the dynamic function of labor demand using the ARDL technique. According to the theoretical foundations and empirical studies in the specified function, labor demand is a function of intermittent values and independent variables of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), real wages, capital stock, current government expenditures, government development expenditures, tax revenues, and dummy variables of imposed war and the UN Security Council sanction. The results showed that fiscal policy has not had a positive effect on labor demand in the Iranian labor market in the short and long term.