درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

In the wake of the capture of Iraqi lands, especially Mosul by the ISIS, the talk of disintegration of Iraq was ever more serious in political circles. The idea is still at issue even after the collapse of the ISIS and its defeat in Mosul. The main objective of this study is to examine whether ethnic and religious conflicts are powerful enough to lead to Iraq’s disintegration. Considering the recent developments in Iraq with pretexts of ethnic and religious conflicts, the question considered in this article is whether this situation could pose a threat to the territorial integrity of Iraq or not? Monitoring the positions of internal groups of Iraq, U.S. interests as well as neighboring countries including Iran, Saudi Arabia and Turkey indicates that disintegration of Iraq would not be beneficial for these countries and it will cause farther violence in the region. In this research, the roles of certain Foreign & domestic or International & national elements in the Iraqi politics and society are being analyzed. A study of the effect of the three variables of Kurds, Sunnis and Shias on Iraqi disintegration or integrity indicates that the Kurd variable has the largest contributing effect on Iraq disintegration while the other two variables show lesser potential for driving the country towards disintegration. Nevertheless, the interests of the regional and trans-regional states combined with the geographical situation of Iraq as a landlocked territory prove to be an obstacle in the way of disintegration of the country. According to the findings of this research, the territorial disintegration of Iraq does not seem to be a viable scenario and territorial integrity of Iraq is more consistent with the objectives and interests of local communities and foreign governments. <br />  <br /> 

Background: The current study aimed to investigate the etiology and prevalence of suicide attempts in Ardabil Province, Iran. Methods: The study population included all individuals who attempted suicide referring to the hospitals during one year. Of whom, 582 subjects were selected by a convenience sampling method. This research was descriptive, epidemiologic type. The study instruments included a questionnaire to measure the prevalence of suicide attempts and related characteristics. Results: The obtained findings indicated that the prevalence of suicide attempts was higher among females and married individuals compared to males and single subjects. The suicide rate among housewives was higher than in other populations. Families with smaller people were more prone for attempting suicide. Besides, the rate of suicide was higher in high schools compared to other educational levels. Suicide attempt was more frequent in families by individuals with mental illnesses and those encountering family disputes, with drug poisoning as the most common method of a suicide attempt. Suicide attempts more commonly occurred in cities, in summer, and at night. Conclusion: Thus, appropriate interventions should be made at the level of families. Besides, greater attention should be paid to high school students and all individuals in the summer.