Journal of preventive Counselling (JPC)

Background: The current study aimed to investigate the etiology and prevalence of suicide attempts in Ardabil Province, Iran. Methods: The study population included all individuals who attempted suicide referring to the hospitals during one year. Of whom, 582 subjects were selected by a convenience sampling method. This research was descriptive, epidemiologic type. The study instruments included a questionnaire to measure the prevalence of suicide attempts and related characteristics. Results: The obtained findings indicated that the prevalence of suicide attempts was higher among females and married individuals compared to males and single subjects. The suicide rate among housewives was higher than in other populations. Families with smaller people were more prone for attempting suicide. Besides, the rate of suicide was higher in high schools compared to other educational levels. Suicide attempt was more frequent in families by individuals with mental illnesses and those encountering family disputes, with drug poisoning as the most common method of a suicide attempt. Suicide attempts more commonly occurred in cities, in summer, and at night. Conclusion: Thus, appropriate interventions should be made at the level of families. Besides, greater attention should be paid to high school students and all individuals in the summer.

The present study was conducted to determine the role of psychological factors in predicting consensual divorce and a model based on the related factors was presented. 120 people were selected by available sampling method and questionnaires of five major factors of short form personality , Minnesota personality trainee, early nasal schemas and divorced inclination scale were completed by them. Data were analyzed Pearson tests, stepwise regression and independent t-test were utilized. The results showed that neuroticism had a significant positive relationship with the desire for consensual divorce and hysteria personality disorder had a significant negative relationship with the desire for consensual divorce. The desire for divorce was not significantly related to the defect and failure schema but had a significant positive relationship with other early maladaptive schemas. (P <0.05) Stepwise regression showed that 0.34 variance related to consensual divorce based on entitlement variables (β = 0.40, t = 4.32), their neuroticism (β = 0.30, T = 3.27, hysteria (β = -0.29, t = 3.07) and paranoia (β = 0.28, t = 2.90) are predicted. Therefore, it can be concluded that identifying personality traits, personality disorders and maladaptive patterns in premarital counseling can be effective in preventing consensual divorce.

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiology of coronavirus anxiety and the demographic factors related to it in Qazvin, Iran. Method: The method used in this study was descriptive-survey. Its statistical population included all Qazvin citizens in the spring of 2020. A total number of 1167 participants were recruited by convenient sampling and via an online questionnaire distributed on social media. They answered the demographic features and corona disease anxiety scale (CDAS) questionnaires.Their data were imported into the statistical software SPSS 25 and analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistical tests like frequency test, percentile frequency, and Kruskal Wallis. results: The results of the analyses showed that the prevalence of coronavirus anxiety among Qazvin citizens was 13.54%. There was no significant difference between coronavirus anxiety level and its related factors in different “gender” and “educational background” groups. But still, in different “age” and “marital status” groups, a significant difference was found. Discussion: The results of the current study show that as people grow older,coronavirus anxiety level and its related factors increases. Conclusion: it can be concluded that coronavirus anxiety level and its related factors is higher among the older people when compared with the younger ones.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation skills training on Aggression of students. The method of the present study was semi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of eighth grade female students of the first secondary school in Baharestan city in Isfahan province in the academic year 2018-2019 (four schools). To select a sample, the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire were performed on all eighth-grade students of four schools and among the students who scored high in questionnaire, 30 were selected and randomly were placed in the experimental group (n=15) and the control group (n=15). Emotion regulation skills were taught to the experimental group during six sessions, then post-test was performed on the experimental and control groups. Data were analysed by univariate analysis of covariance as statistical method. Findings showed that the research hypothesis on the effectiveness of emotion regulation skills training on aggression of students has been confirmed and the students in the experimental group compared to the students in the control group in post-test were significantly less aggressive. Therefore, it can be concluded that the emotion regulation skills training on aggression of students is effective.

Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) was developed to understand of the processes that individuals form their interests, make choices, achieve performances, and persist at academic and career endeavors. The aim of this study was to predicting occupational consideration by interest, self-efficacy and outcome expectations in secondary school students and for this, examined choice model in SCCT. This study was correlational and type of structural equation modeling. Samples were 328 secondary male students that selected by cluster sampling from male secondary schools in Qom city. Participants completed measures of self-efficacy, outcome expectations, interest and occupational consideration (Lent et al, 2003) across the Holland (1997) RIASEC themes: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising and Conventional. For analysis of data and for examine of fit of model was used AMOS-26. Results showed model fit the data well across RIASEC themes. Results showed that self-efficacy and outcome expectations jointly predict interests, and interests mediate the relations of self-efficacy and outcome expectations to occupational consideration. The implications of these findings for further research on the non-Western culture validity of SCCT are considered.

Studies have shown that self-beliefs about intelligence and abilities play an important role in learning and academic achievement at school. A growth mindset is of particular importance for gifted students for the reason that they are at risk of both perfectionism and underachievement, which might deter them from actualizing their potential. This study considers the impact of using a growth mindset intervention during an eight-week course for gifted underachieving students. Learning behaviors were measured pre-course, post-course and three months post-course with LBS (Learning Behaviors Scale by McDermott, 1999). It was hypothesized that the experimental group who took part in the growth mindset workshop would improve their learning behaviors. The results of ANCOVA and repeated measures ANOVA showed that the mean difference between the dimensions of learning behaviors including competency motivation, attention/persistence, attitude toward learning and strategy/flexibility in the three stages of the research (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) was significant (P <0.05). Based on this finding, the growth mindset intervention can be utilized as an appropriate method to improve the learning behaviors of underachieving gifted students.