درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of HIFT exercise, on creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood serum in overweight adult men. Method : Twenty-two untrained non-smoker overweight men (age, 42.9 ± 5.6 years; body mass, 94.2 ± 9.3 kg; body height, 178.9 ± 4.5 cm; and BMI, 29.04 ± 3.3 kg/m2) volunteered to participate in this study and performed a session of HIFT exercise with 80-85% HRmax consisting of three sets of 10 exercises. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after training to measure serum CK and LDH levels. Results: The HIFT protocol significantly increased serum CK (Pre: 114.6 U/L; Post: 124.3U/L; p< 0.05{t=-5.48, p=0.001}); Also, LDH had a significant increase (pre:213.4 U/L, post: 225.4U/L; p<0.05{t=-4.09, p=0.001}). Conclusion: It can be concluded that HIFT with AMRAP (as many repeats as possible) protocol will lead to a significant increase in some indicators of muscle damage such as CK and LDH levels in overweight men. This protocol can lead to muscle damage in overweight men.

Background : Beyond biological changes, ageing is often associated with degenerative and progressive changes in functional and physiological performance. Different types of exercise and rehabilitation method were introduced for resolving or preventing aging complications. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 8- week- dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) training on functional performance and quality of life in healthy elderly men. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight old men were selected by convenience sampling manner and divided randomly in two groups of experimental (n=13, age: 65.8±4.3 years, height: 1.63±5.92 cm, weight: 69.1±7.4 kg) and control (n=15, age: 66.3±3.8 years, height: 1.64±4.89 cm, weight: 70.1± 6.3 kg). The experimental group received neuromuscular stabilization training for 8 weeks and 3 sessions for 1 hour in a clinic in Baghdad. Static balance (by functional reach test), dynamic balance (by time-up and go test), functional performance (by Berge test), and quality of life (by Leiden-Padua (LEIPAD e questionnaire) were measured before and after training. Data was analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA in SPSS software. P value was set at P ≤0.05. Results : The results showed that the intergroup interaction in the variables of functional performance (F=53.3, P =0.00), quality of life (F=65.04, P =0.00), static (F=106.7, P =0.00) and dynamic (F=26.99, P =0.00) balance was significant with the superiority of the DNS group. Conclusion: Postural control, functional performance and quality of life improved after training protocol. Therefore, DNS training can be used as a complementary method for rehabilitation of elderly.

Purpose: The aim of this research was the effect of 4 weeks of interval training and Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) on the initial recovery of respiratory muscle strength in inactive people. Method: This research was semi-experimental. The statistical sample of this research consisted of 30 healthy and inactive students of Shahrood University of Technology with an average age of 30±10 years. Subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups (IMT, Interval and Sham exercises). The parametric test of one-way analysis of variance with repeated measurement and dependent t-test with 95% confidence was used with SPSS 26 softwar. Results: Inspiratory muscle strength showed a significant increase in IMT and interval training groups (P<0.05). Also, the time to return to the initial state of respiratory muscle strength decreased significantly in all three groups (P>0.05), the largest decrease was related to the IMT and sham exercise groups, and the interval exercise group experienced a smaller decrease than the other two groups. Conclusions: It seems that IMT training is more effective than interval training in increasing the strength of respiratory muscles and improving the return to the initial state of the strength of these muscles.

Background: Transmembrane protein fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) is as a myokine, metabolic regulator and potential therapeutic agent which is known as a potential trait for metabolism and obesity. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high intensity interval swimming training on circulating irisin and some metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal overweight women. Materials and Methods: Thirty postmenopausal overweight women (55.73 ± 2.66 years, 26.72±2.33 kg/m 2 ) were randomized into high intensity interval swimming training (n=15; HIIT) and control groups (n=15; CON). HIIT performed 6–10×30 s swimming interspersed by 2 min recovery for an 8-week period completing 24±1 session (average heart rate= 0.89±0.029% HRmax). Fasting blood samples were taken and body mass index was measured pre- and post-intervention. Results : In CON, there was not significant change in all measured variables before and after the intervention period. Irisin increased ( P <0.01) by 0.64±0.27 mg/ml in HIIT group. Insulin decreased ( P <0.01) by 0.96±0.36 mg/dl while the blood lipid profile P = 0.78 cholesterol, P =0.14 TG, P =0.10 HDL, P =0.52 LDL, systolic blood pressure ( P = 0.51), dyastolic blood pressure ( P = 0.75), and BMI ( P = 0.87) were unaltered. Conclusion: The result of present study showed that high intensity interval swimming trainings is an effectual and time-efficient training way for increasing irisin, and it can lead to compensatory irisin increases in postmenopausal overweight women.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of professional ethics in the relationship of the organizational culture with social responsibility and the organizational commitment in sports organizations. 201 staff of sport and youth departments in Esfahan province completed the research questionnaires through stratified random sampling approach according to geographical distribution. For data analysis, structural equation modeling by Lisrel software was used. Results showed that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, by coefficient of 0.36, indirectly according to professional ethics mediator variable and on social responsibility by coefficient of 0.37. According to the research findings the mediator role of professional ethics variable as well as the research conceptual model was confirmed.