محمد حسنی

Purpose: Regarded to the importance of professors' effectiveness, the purpose of this study was structural modeling of the impact of entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment on professors' effectiveness with the mediating role of satisfaction from organizational climate among professors of Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of quantitative. The research population was the professors of the Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch in the 2020-21 academic years, which based on the Cochran's formula the sample size was estimated 227 people who were selected by stratified random sampling method according to different colleges. The research instruments of the present study were the Questionnaires of entrepreneurial thinking (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 1990), professional commitment (Allen & Meyer, 1990), professors' effectiveness (Salimi & Ramezani, 2014) and satisfaction from organizational climate (Bontis, 1998). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling in SPSS-21 and SmartPLS-2 software. Findings: The results showed that entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment had a positive and direct effect on satisfaction from organizational climate and professors' effectiveness and satisfaction from organizational climate had a positive and direct effect on professors' effectiveness. Also, entrepreneurial thinking and professional commitment had a positive and indirect effect on the professors' effectiveness with the mediating role of satisfaction from organizational climate (P<0.01). Conclusion: According to the results of this research, to improve the professors' effectiveness can be used by promoting entrepreneurial thinking, professional commitment and satisfaction from organizational climate.

هدف از پژوهش تبیین نقش سبک تربیتی و پایگاه اجتماعی _ اقتصادی خانواده و عوامل مدرسه بر عملکرد تحصیلی با میانجیگری احساس تعلق به مدرسه است. نمونه پژوهش شامل 492 دانش آموز متوسطه که با استفاده از نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه ای انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه های استاندارد استفاده شد. برای سنجش سبک تربیتی ازپرسشنامه Royan et al. (1989) با ضریب پایایی آلفای کرو نباخ 87/0 ، برای پایگاه اجتماعی- اقتصادی از پرسشنامه (Samaeri (2013 با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 87/0 ، عوامل مدرسه ای از تلفیق شاخص های امکانات و خدمات مدرسه و برای عملکرد تحصیلی از پرسشنامه Taylor (1999) با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 93/0 و برای احساس تعلق به مدرسه ازپرسشنامه ی , Betty, Barry Watt(2005) با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 850/0 استفاده شد. درمجموع روایی وپایایی تمام ابزار های تحقیق موردتایید نهایی قرار گرفت . داده های گردآوری شده با استفاده از نرم افزارهای spss و pls Smart با روش های آماری، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که سبک تربیتی و پایگاه اجتماعی-اقتصادی خانواده وعوامل مدرسه ای بر پیشرفت تحصیلی تاثیر مثبت ومعنی داری دارند ومتغیراحساس تعلق به مدرسه نقش میانجی دارد و باید درمدیریت و برنامه ریزی برای کاهش نابرابریهای آموزشی لحاظ شوند.

Stock price crash risk has a significant impact on investors, creditors, managers, and shareholders, so the prediction of this phenomenon is a very important issue in investment and risk management decisions. This research investigates the effect of business strategy and stock price synchronicity on stock price crash risk. Following Bentley et al.[2], composite strategy score has been used to proxy for an organization’s business strategy, expanded market model regression following Chen et al. [3] to measure the firm-specific crash risk, and R2 method of Johnstone [14] to calculate the stock price synchronicity. In order to achieve this point, financial information of 171 companies that are listed on Tehran stock exchange have been selected during the time period of 2013 to 2018, and data was analysed using regression model. According to the results, companies with defender (analyser and prospector) business strategy are less (more) prone to future crash risk. Moreover, results show that stock price syn-chronicity has positive effect on stock price crash risk, while in companies with analyser business strategy it can reduce the stock price crash risk. The interactive effect of business strategy and stock price synchronicity on stock price crash risk in companies with prospector and defender business strategy is not significant. Other findings suggest that Institutional ownership has positive, and company’s age has negative effect on stock price crash risk.