پریوش جعفری

Purpose: This study is to provide a model that will promote the role of primary school vice-principals in educational leadership so that their vice-principals move towards the tasks related to education. Methodology: The sample size consisted of 610 principals, vice-principals and teachers, determined by a two-step classification procedure. In this research, Mazandaran Province was divided into three eastern, central and western parts; some cities were selected from each part and then these cities were divided into two or three sections. A number of schools were randomly selected in each section and all principals, vice-principals and teachers were selected as the sample. A two-part questionnaire was used to collect information from vice-principals’ duties. The first part consists of closed questions in two existing and ideal conditions, and the second part includes open questions. Findings: Friedman's ranking and analysis, categorization and quantification of open questions revealed the following components for the vice-principals’ educational leadership model: 1-Creating awareness among principals, vice-principals and teachers about the vice-principals’ duties 2-Preparation of tasks description with the focus of educational affairs and the requirement for its implementation 3-Procurement of short-term university courses and vice-principals’ pre-office training 4-Informing vice-principals about the educational regulations at the national and regional levels 5-Encourage the principals and vice-principals to lead a team and provide the requirement trainings in this field 6-Considering an individual to assist the vice-principals of the school 7-Improving the vice-principals’ livelihoods . Discussion: Applying this model and its components can enhance the vice-principals’ performance and role to a higher level and ultimately improve the performance of schools and the Iranian educational system.

Purpose: This study presents a model for promoting happiness in high school student. The research method was descriptive-survey in terms of collecting the information. Methodology: The research data are collected by Oxford Hills and Argyle (2002) standard questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire of the factors affecting happiness in different levels distributed among 384faculty members and the students (first grade). The participants were selected based on Krejci and Morgan's table using cluster sampling method. Findings: The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were approved by experts. The results showed that three groups of factors (personal, family and school) affect the happiness of the students. The optimism, feeling meaning in life, having purpose, extraversion, positive attitude and communication with friends (personal factors), the mental health factor (family factor) and happy physical environment and feeling of belonging to the school (school factor) were the effective factors. Discussion: The results of further analysis showed that among these factors, the school factor has less impact on the students’ happiness.